Cryptocurrencies in the Digital Age : A Holistic Examination of Technology and Trends

This thesis explores the complex world of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies, offering an investigation of their social effects, economic ramifications, and technical underpinnings. In the introduction, the nature and hypothesis of cryptocurrencies are explained, along with their inherent advantages and disadvantages, as well as the current issues that the industry is facing. The main objective of this thesis is to advance a more logical understanding of the complex interactions among blockchain technology, cryptographic ideas, and the larger field of digital currency. A foundational approach is perceived by the mathematical preliminaries part, which clarifies important cryptographic ideas like symmetric and public-key cryptography, cryptographic protocols, cryptanalysis, and how they relate to blockchain technology. In doing so, the thesis establishes the foundation for evaluating the complexities associated with protecting and authenticating transactions in decentralized systems. As I move on, the investigation of blockchain technology includes a review of its design, workings, and uses in various sectors of the economy. The scalability and performance issues that blockchain is facing are assessed in this section, especially considering its expanding applications. The concluding segment explores the wider ramifications of cryptocurrencies on society, summarizing their influence on society and the dynamic regulatory environment. The dynamic world of cryptocurrencies and tokens, as well as their technological foundations, economic factors, adoption trends, legal frameworks, and the crucial problem of energy consumption from mining operations, are addressed. The thesis’s final remarks provide a succinct overview of the major discoveries and their possible implications for advancing blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies in the future. They also synthesize the insights obtained throughout the thesis

Taking Artificial Intelligence into the Media Studies Classroom

As artificial intelligence (AI) alters social life, the journalists of the present and the journalists of the future — our students – must comprehend its potential and threat. How can journalism instructors, who often lack knowledge in computer science, equip students not just to report on the impending change of artificial intelligence, but also to help shape this transition for society and journalism? The described approach is not obvious. It entails incorporating AI into a potentially improbable venue: the introductory media and society course for freshmen. The aims are to determine how AI may be included into the journalism curriculum early on and the advantages and disadvantages of such education

The Legal Ramifications of AI-Powered News Systems and Copyright on Media Practices

Since 2010, automated news, or artificial intelligence system (AIS)-assisted generation of news articles, has been created. It encompasses a number of approaches that require varying degrees of data, software, and human engagement. This may have several effects on the implementation of intellectual property and copyright law. Using comparative legal methodologies, we investigate their consequences for certain legal categories, such as authorship (and, by extension, needed originality) and kinds of works, including collaborative, derivative, and, most notably, communal works. Sui generis and adjacent rights are also examined for their applicability to AIS-aided news productions. Our primary conclusion is that the economics intellectual property rights are protected by collaborative works in any situation. We suggest a shorter period before a work enters the public domain. There is still a space for greater authoritarian and personal rights. However, it demonstrates more difficulties when it comes to moral rights, particularly in Common Law nations

New Challenges and Emerging Prospects in the Era of Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Reporting

Today, artificial intelligence (AI) is a crucial component of the modern media ecosystem. As a result, this study aims to (1) describe the status quo of technology and its role in renewing and modernizing journalism, (2) provide insights about the impact of artificial intelligence in changing journalism practice, (3) identify potential implications of artificial intelligence on the future of journalists, and (4) extrapolate ethical and professional challenges that may disrupt the practices of journalism professionals. The conclusion of the study is that artificial intelligence technologies are regarded as the added value of journalism in the digital age, particularly in terms of their capacity to overcome the fundamental challenges of contemporary journalism, such as combating fake news, news editing in accordance with editorial policy, and content personalization. The research also discovered that the use of artificial intelligence in journalism raises professional and ethical concerns, including the following: stifling innovation, the absence of supervision, prejudice, lack of transparency, unfairness, data use, and data quality. It also found that artificial intelligence technology would improve journalists' job rather than replace them. Therefore, artificial intelligence poses no danger to the profession of journalism

PUBLIC PERCEPTION REGARDING ACCEPTABILITY PROBLEMS IN UTILIZATION OF MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES IN PAKHTOON SOCIETY WITH REFERENCE TO DIR LOWER

The study was conducted in Dir lower with specialreference to public perception regarding hurdles in utilization ofmaternal health services. The sample size of the study was 186respondents, who were selected randomly. The data wasanalyzed through simple percentage and frequencies, while tosee association between independent variable acceptabilityproblems with dependent variable maternal health. Womenconfronted acceptability issue in availing maternal healthservices like; women are not encouraged to visit maternal healthcenter, people fear of disclosing of privacy, discouragement ofLady health workers, strict purdah system, unable to decide childbirth, child birth by traditional birth attendant and lack ofeducation about antenatal and post-natal care, duringpregnancy, childbirth and after birth. Due to cultural norms likepurdah, women are not permitted to utilize maternal health careduring pregnancy due to fear of disclosure of privacy, theyperform domestic, Lady health workers are not encouraged tofacilitate women during pregnancy, inability to decide childbirth and preferring child birth at home by traditional birthattendant are the problems in shape of acceptability. Massmedia, religious, political leaders, civil society should createawareness regarding maternal health issues to overcome thedegraded maternal health situation

ASSESSING PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF WOMEN POLICING AND ITS EFFECTS ON THEIR PERFORMANCE IN DISTRICT PESHAWAR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

The present study was conducted with major focus on assessing psychological problems of women policing and its effects on their performance. The main objectives of the study to investigates problems of, psychological and harassment problems at work place, and women police personnel performance. This study universe was district Peshawar. The total sample size was70 which was randomly selected on the analogy of Sekaran (2003). The study major findings are that various problems confronted by female police personnel such as women police personnel are confronted with problems in managing theirchildren feel stressed due to household responsibilities as well as job responsibilities, and expectations being wife, mother or sister are unmet due to job responsibilities revealed by study. Furthermore, psychological and sexual harassment are evident with regard to women police personnel which affect their performance significantly. It includes exertion of pressure from higher authorities and instigating female police personnel for sexual relationships are key problems affecting female police performance. The government should provide separate staying facilities at police stations which include all modern facilities andfinancial help to decrease their problems. The department should strictly implement moral code and exemplary punishment should  be given to those who are involved in the sexual harassment in the  organization. Equal opportunities should be given in the promotion and assigning duties to female police personnel are some of suggestions on the basis of study findings

PUBLIC PERCEPTION REGARDING ACCEPTABILITY PROBLEMS IN UTILIZATION OF MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES IN PAKHTOON SOCIETY WITH REFERENCE TO DIR LOWER

The study was conducted in Dir lower with specialreference to public perception regarding hurdles in utilization ofmaternal health services. The sample size of the study was 186respondents, who were selected randomly. The data wasanalyzed through simple percentage and frequencies, while tosee association between independent variable acceptabilityproblems with dependent variable maternal health. Womenconfronted acceptability issue in availing maternal healthservices like; women are not encouraged to visit maternal healthcenter, people fear of disclosing of privacy, discouragement ofLady health workers, strict purdah system, unable to decide childbirth, child birth by traditional birth attendant and lack ofeducation about antenatal and post-natal care, duringpregnancy, childbirth and after birth. Due to cultural norms likepurdah, women are not permitted to utilize maternal health careduring pregnancy due to fear of disclosure of privacy, theyperform domestic, Lady health workers are not encouraged tofacilitate women during pregnancy, inability to decide childbirth and preferring child birth at home by traditional birthattendant are the problems in shape of acceptability. Massmedia, religious, political leaders, civil society should createawareness regarding maternal health issues to overcome thedegraded maternal health situation

Corporal Punishment: Parents Perception in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This paper shed light on parent’s psychological perception about children corporal punishment in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 202 respondents (parents) were selected through simple random sampling procedure to portray information. Chi square χ2 and Gamma statistics were used to determine the level of association and strength and direction of relationship. Majority of the respondents i.e. 82.7% had opined that corporal punishment increases aggressiveness in children, it promotes depression (82.2%), fear and terror 153(75.7), eliminate confidence and damage IQ of children146 (72.3). Moreover, at bivariate level a positive (γ=.977) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment increases aggressiveness with corporal punishment. A positive (γ=.972) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment promotes depression with corporal punishment. Similarly, A positive (γ=.954) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment stimulate nervousness with corporal punishment. A positive (γ=.944) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment leads to fear and terror with corporal punishment. A positive (γ=.914) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment eliminate confidence with corporal punishment. A positive (γ=.913) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment damage IQ of children with corporal punishment. Apositive (γ=.915) with significant relationship (P<0.05) was discovered between corporal punishment decline feelings of sympathy with corporal punishment. It is concluded from the study findings that corporal punishment results in emotional distress, lack of confidence, increase aggressiveness, fear and terror, depression, damage IQ of children etc. Regular periodic refreshers courses need to be arranged by the education department to emphasize the worse effects of corporal punishment and certain psychological assessment tests of children at school by medical officers to mitigate the social and psychological distress, as resulted from use of corporal punishment

Psychological Reasons for Committing Crimes: A Case Study of Central Jail Peshawar

The present study was conducted in District Central Jail, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to assess the factors shaping the criminal attitude of adults. The study proceeded with the objectives to assess the relationship between psychological factors with criminal attitude among criminals. A sample size of N=196 was randomly drawn from the universe. Sampling covered all the adult criminal of the age group of 18-64 years from the total population of N=360 convicted criminals. Frequency distribution and bi-vitiate analysis between dependent variable i.e. criminal attitude and independent variables namely psychological aspects were ascertain through cross tabulation while indexing the dependent variable. At bi-variate level, parents sentence several time was found significant, relatives’ involvement in criminal activities, large family was responsible for crimes, parents using intoxicants, joint family generating criminal attitude. Moreover, feeling of low social status, unhappy family life, commitment to family cause, broken family, low moral values, internalization of criminal values and vicious tendencies of crimes were found significant with criminal attitude.. The study concluded that poor family with large size had high interaction with criminals were some of the attributing factors for committing crimes

ASSESSING PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF WOMEN POLICING AND ITS EFFECTS ON THEIR PERFORMANCE IN DISTRICT PESHAWAR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

The present study was conducted with major focus on assessing psychological problems of women policing and its effects on their performance. The main objectives of the study to investigates problems of, psychological and harassment problems at work place, and women police personnel performance. This study universe was district Peshawar. The total sample size was70 which was randomly selected on the analogy of Sekaran (2003). The study major findings are that various problems confronted by female police personnel such as women police personnel are confronted with problems in managing theirchildren feel stressed due to household responsibilities as well as job responsibilities, and expectations being wife, mother or sister are unmet due to job responsibilities revealed by study. Furthermore, psychological and sexual harassment are evident with regard to women police personnel which affect their performance significantly. It includes exertion of pressure from higher authorities and instigating female police personnel for sexual relationships are key problems affecting female police performance. The government should provide separate staying facilities at police stations which include all modern facilities andfinancial help to decrease their problems. The department should strictly implement moral code and exemplary punishment should  be given to those who are involved in the sexual harassment in the  organization. Equal opportunities should be given in the promotion and assigning duties to female police personnel are some of suggestions on the basis of study findings