Toward Efficient Code Clone Detection on Grid Environment

Proceedings Workshop on Accountability and Traceability in Global Software Engineering (ATGSE2007)Nagoya, Japan, December 3, 2007Co-located with the 14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07

Identifying Refactoring Opportunities for Removing Code Clones with A Metrics-based Approach

Java in Academia and Research (2nd Edition)978-1-922227-010 (Hardcover)978-1-481261-609 (Paperback

A Study on the Correspondence of Common-Mode Current in Electromagnetic Radiation from a PCB with a Guard-band

A PCB, in which the ground plane has a finite width and the trace has unbalanced positioning, can result in common-mode (CM) radiation. So far, CM current which is generated by the unbalance of a trace and ground plane has been investigated by experiment and numerical method. It was clarified that CM current is well explained the radiation from PCB up to a few hundred megahertz, and addition of a guard band geometry, which is well connected to the ground plane, can be effective in suppressing the CM current. But it is seemed to be insufficient description for the phenomena observed at higher frequency. This study newly focuses on the correspondence of the CM current in total electromagnetic (EM) radiation from a PCB with a guard band up to 5 GHz. In results, although total radiated power and near electric field up to 1 GHz were related to CM current, the increase in EM radiation in higher frequencies (a few gigahertz) could not be predicted from only the frequency response of CM current. There should suggest two radiation components for a PCB configuration; radiation as a result of a CM current due to the current driven mechanism, and direct radiation from a trace. At the higher frequencies, direct radiation from the trace may be more significant relative to the radiation due to the CM current. This research will be very useful and applicable to estimate the detail of EMC radiation problem from PCBs with attached cables

A Study on Influence of Guard Band on Common-Mode Current Related to a Microstrip Line

Influence of guard band on common-mode (CM) current related to a microstrip line (trace) has been studied experimental and FDTD simulation. As the guard band, copper tape is connected along the entire edge of the ground plane. It is cleared that a guard band parallel to and near a trace is most effective in suppressing the CM current. An empirical formula to quantify the relationship between the position of a trace and CM current of the case with a guard band is proposed. Calculated results using the empirical formula and FDTD modeling are in good agreement, which indicates this empirical formula should be useful for developing EMI design guidelines

Common-Mode Current Due to a Trace Near a PCB Edge and its Suppression by a Guard Band

The common-mode (CM) current due to a trace near a printed circuit board (PCB) edge, and its suppression by a guard band have been studied experimentally and with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling. As the guard band, copper tape is connected along the entire edge of the ground plane. First, a PCB electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling path that results from the nonzero impedance of the PCB ground plane is discussed. As the trace is moved closer to the PCB edge, the CM current increases. Then, the effect of the guard band on the CM current is detailed. A guard band parallel to and near a trace is most effective in suppressing the CM current. The cross-sectional magnetic Held distribution at center of the PCB with and without the guard band is also calculated with FDTD modeling. The guard band decreases the magnetic field distributed on the reverse side of a PCB. These results indicate the guard band is effective in suppressing CM current. Finally, an empirical formula to quantify the relationship between the position of a trace and CM current for the case with a guard band is proposed. Calculated results using the empirical formula and FDTD modeling are in good agreement, which indicates this empirical formula should be useful for developing EMI design guidelines

Effects of lipid-lowering drugs on intermediate-density lipoprotein in uremic patients

Effects of lipid-lowering drugs on intermediate-density lipoprotein in uremic patientsBackgroundPatients with chronic renal failure often have alterations in lipoprotein profile including elevated very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Among these changes, raised IDL has been shown as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients. There are a limited number of studies reporting pharmacological approaches to IDL reduction in a uremic population.MethodsWe therefore summarize the effects of lipid-lowering drugs on IDL levels in patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (HD) or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).ResultsFirst, a nicotinic acid analog niceritrol was given to hemodialysis patients. The drug increased HDL-cholesterol by 11%, but the reductions in VLDL-, IDL- and LDL-cholesterol were not significant. Second, CAPD patients were treated with a fibric acid derivative clinofibrate, which was excreted mainly into bile unlike other drugs in this class. The fibrate resulted in a remarkable reduction in VLDL-triglycerides, although it did not reduce IDL-cholesterol. Finally, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) pravastatin was used in HD and CAPD patients. Pravastatin reduced IDL- and LDL-cholesterol to the same extent (by 31%). None of these treatments caused serious adverse effects.ConclusionsWe propose that IDL is an important target in the management of uremic dyslipidemia. To date, statins have been shown to be suitable for this purpose, although it remains to be clarified whether such an intervention reduces the risk for atherosclerotic vascular events in the uremic population

Muscle Fiber Changes of the Vastus Medialis in Rheumatoid Patients

To study the pathology of muscle atrophy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we examined the vastus medialis in rheumatoid patients histologically. The relationship of the findings to their ambulatory ability and long-term steroid therapy was investigated. The muscles of the RA patients were also compared with those of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Specimens of the vastus medialis were collected from 29 knees of 23 patients with RA and 16 knees of 13 patients with OA during total knee arthroplasty. Muscle fibers were classified according to their type, and the ratio between the area of single type I and type II fibers as well as the ratio between the total area of these fibers was calculated. The total area of type II fibers in the RA group was significantly greater than in the OA group (P &#60; 0.05). In the RA group, the mean proportion of the type II fibers relative to the total muscle fiber area tended to increase with the decline of ambulatory ability, while there was no such increase in the OA group. The proportion of type II fibers was increased significantly in RA patients on long-term steroid therapy when compared to those without therapy. In the ratio of the area of a single fiber, there was no clear relationship to ambulatory ability and long-term steroid therapy. It is considered that muscle atrophy in RA is not solely disuse atrophy, but also has a close relationship to steroid therapy and the pathology of the disease itself.</p

Similarity between compact extremely red objects discovered with JWST in cosmic dawn and blue-excess dust-obscured galaxies known in cosmic noon

Spatially compact objects with extremely red color in the rest-frame optical to near-infrared (0.4--3.0 ${\rm \mu m}$) and blue color in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV; 0.2--0.4 ${\rm \mu m}$) have been discovered at $5 < z < 9$ using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). These extremely red objects (JWST-EROs) exhibit spectral energy distributions (SEDs) that are difficult to explain using a single component of either star-forming galaxies or quasars, leading to two-component models in which the blue UV and extremely red optical are explained using less-dusty and dusty spectra of galaxies or quasars, respectively. Here, we report the remarkable similarity in SEDs between JWST-EROs and blue-excess dust-obscured galaxies (BluDOGs) identified at $2 < z < 3$. BluDOGs are a population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with blackhole masses of $\sim10^{8-9}$ M$_\odot$, which are one order of magnitude larger than those in some JWST-EROs. The Eddington accretion rates of BluDOGs are one or higher, whereas those of JWST-EROs are in the range of 0.1--1. Therefore, JWST-EROs are less massive, less active, and more common counterparts in higher-$z$ of BluDOGs in cosmic noon. Conversely, JWST-EROs have a significantly higher fraction of those with blue-excess than DOGs. We present the average UV spectra of BluDOGs as a comparison to JWST-EROs and discuss a coherent evolutionary scenario for dusty AGN populations.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ

A Proposal for Analysis and Prediction for Software Projects using Collaborative Filtering, In-Process Measurements and a Benchmarks Database

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE PROCESS AND PRODUCT MEASUREMENT(MENSURA 2006)CÁDIZ – SPAINNOVEMBER, 6 – 8, 2006Alain Abran Reiner Dumke Mercedes Ruiz (Eds.)刊行年月日は会議開催日を参考にし