"Dehydrated" chondrules from the Murchison (CM) chondrite

Two "dehydrated" chondrules (MC-5 and MC-27) were obtained from close to the fusion crust of the Murchison (CM) meteorite. They have a porphyritic texture with angular or rounded (relict) olivines containing abundant voids, recrystallized olivines, and numerous interstitial Fe oxide grains embedded in groundmass glass. This peculiar texture is similar to that of the fusion crust from the Orgueil (CI) chondrite, indicating that the texture formed during the reheating at the atmospheric entry of the meteorite. Isotope dilution analyses indicate that these chondrules have light-REE depleted pattern with a large negative Eu anomaly (CI normalized Sm/La ratio=1.3-2.4,Eu/Eu^*=0.40-0.57). They also show relatively low Ba and Sr (0.4-1.0×CI) concentrations and depletion of alkalies (0.2-0.4×CI). The lithophile element abundances of the two chondrules are in a similar range of those for other altered CM chondrules in the Murchison and the Yamato-793321 chondrites. It is suggested that the chemical compositions of chondrules, specifically REE and alkali abundances, remained unchanged but significant changes of petrographic texture occurred during atmospheric heating

A preliminary study of REE abundances in chondrules, an inclusion and mineral fragments from Yamato-793321 (CM2) chondrite

In order to examine REE distributions in components of CM chondrites, eight spherical silicate materials (four chondrules [PO, POP and GO], one CAI, two olivine fragments and one unknown inclusion [chondrule?]) were separated from the Yamato (Y)-793321 meteorite, one of the least altered CM2 chondrites, and have been analyzed for REE, Ba, Sr, Rb, K, Ca, Mg and Fe by isotope dilution, together with petrographic examination. The olivine fragments (YO-1,YO-2) (Fo>99%) with rounded metal inclusions show depletion of alkalis (~10^×CI), low refractory element abundances (Sr, Ba and REE=0.2-0.5×CI) and a fractionated (V-shaped) REE pattern, indicative of solid/liquid partitioning of REE. It is suggested that YO-1 and YO-2 formed from melt. The CAI (YI-5) consisting of olivine, fassaite and euhedral spinel shows no sign of aqueous alteration. It has low alkali (<0.1×CI) and high refractory element abundances (2-20×CI) and indicates a light REE depletion and generally smooth pattern with a light/heavy REE discontinuity. The unaltered PO chondrule (YC-7) shows alkali depletion and unfractionated abundances of REE, Ba, Sr and Ca. The altered PO and GO chondrules (YC-8,YC-38) and unknown spherule (Y-9) indicate a light-REE depleted pattern with a negative Eu anomaly and low Ba, Sr and alkalis (&acd;0.1×CI). This REE fractionation seems to be a new type for a chondrule, indicating that a unique REE fractionation occurred during the formation and/or evolution of the Y-793321 CM meteorite

Measurements of short-lived cosmogenic nuclides in rain samples

金沢大学自然計測応用研究センター自然計測研究部門金沢大学理学部Extremely low activity levels of cosmic ray induced nuclides have been measured in freshly precipitated rainwater by quick chemical separation coupled with ultra low background gamma-spectrometry. The nuclides detected were 38S (T1/2 = 2.83 h)-38Cl (37.2 m), 39Cl (55.6 m), 24Na (14.96 h), 28Mg (20.9 h), 7Be (53.3 d) and 22Na (2.602 y). The number of atoms in rain water were evaluated to be ranging from 400-1900 l-1 for 39Cl (n = 6, mean: 1200), 30-1500 l-1 for 24Na (n = 16, mean: 520), 80-600 l-1 for 28Mg (n = 13, mean: 260), 1·106-4·107 l-17Be (n = 16, mean: 7·106) and 2·10 3-1·105 l-1 for 22Na (n = 9, mean: 2·104). Measurements of activity levels and activity ratios of short-lived cosmic-ray induced short-lived nuclides will open new method to understand atmospheric processes occurred at the altitude of rain cloud. © 2006 Akadémiai Kiadó

Mass transportation monitored by trace level radioactivity

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科場所：金沢大学自然科学研究科図書館棟1階，講演会場：図書館棟1階　大会議室，ポスター会場：図書館棟1階12会議室,主催・共催：文部科学省２１世紀COE「環日本海域の環境計測と長期・短期変動予測」， 大気環境学会， 金沢大学工学

Mass transportation monitored by trace level radioactivity

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科場所：金沢大学自然科学研究科図書館棟1階，講演会場：図書館棟1階　大会議室，ポスター会場：図書館棟1階12会議室,主催・共催：文部科学省２１世紀COE「環日本海域の環境計測と長期・短期変動予測」， 大気環境学会， 金沢大学工学

Overexpression of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptors in human prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-met proto-oncogene product (c-Met) have varied biological functions in different tissues and have been implicated in mitogenic, motogenic and morphogenic responses in both organ regeneration and carcinogenesis. Some studies have suggested that the overexpression of c-Met and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with growth advantage, while transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGF beta R II) is associated with growth disadvantage of human prostatic adenocarcinoma. However, it is unclear if the expression of c-Met correlates with the expression of EGFR and TGF beta R II, and with the proliferative status of human prostatic adenocarcinoma. Using immunohistochemical staining with anti-c-Met (C-12), anti-EGFR (NCL-EGFR) and anti-TGF beta R II (L-21) antibodies, we determined the frequency of expression of c-MET, EGFR, and TGF beta R II respectively in a series of 134 radical prostatectomy specimens. We evaluated the relationship between the expression of these receptors and clinicopathological characteristics. Overall, c-Met immunostaining was detected in 54 of 134 (40.3%) cases, EGFR in 45 (33.6%) and TGF beta R II in 64 (48.4%). The overexpression of c-Met was significantly more common in poorly differentiated (P &#60; 0.0001) and in the diffusely infiltrated specimens (P &#60; 0.0005). In contrast, TGF beta R II was significantly overexpressed in the well differentiated specimens (P &#60; 0.0001) and associated negatively with c-Met (P &#60; 0.0001). Overall, these data suggest that c-Met/HGF receptor and TGF beta R II overexpression may be involved in the differentiation of human prostatic adenocarcinoma, c-Met with de-differentiation and TGF beta R II with differentiation.</p

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J-SSCG 2016)

Background and purposeThe Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J-SSCG 2016), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in February 2017 and published in the Journal of JSICM, [2017; Volume 24 (supplement 2)] https://doi.org/10.3918/jsicm.24S0001 and Journal of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine [2017; Volume 28, (supplement 1)] http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jja2.2017.28.issue-S1/issuetoc.This abridged English edition of the J-SSCG 2016 was produced with permission from the Japanese Association of Acute Medicine and the Japanese Society for Intensive Care Medicine.MethodsMembers of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine were selected and organized into 19 committee members and 52 working group members. The guidelines were prepared in accordance with the Medical Information Network Distribution Service (Minds) creation procedures. The Academic Guidelines Promotion Team was organized to oversee and provide academic support to the respective activities allocated to each Guideline Creation Team. To improve quality assurance and workflow transparency, a mutual peer review system was established, and discussions within each team were open to the public. Public comments were collected once after the initial formulation of a clinical question (CQ) and twice during the review of the final draft. Recommendations were determined to have been adopted after obtaining support from a two-thirds (> 66.6%) majority vote of each of the 19 committee members.ResultsA total of 87 CQs were selected among 19 clinical areas, including pediatric topics and several other important areas not covered in the first edition of the Japanese guidelines (J-SSCG 2012). The approval rate obtained through committee voting, in addition to ratings of the strengths of the recommendation, and its supporting evidence were also added to each recommendation statement. We conducted meta-analyses for 29 CQs. Thirty-seven CQs contained recommendations in the form of an expert consensus due to insufficient evidence. No recommendations were provided for five CQs.ConclusionsBased on the evidence gathered, we were able to formulate Japanese-specific clinical practice guidelines that are tailored to the Japanese context in a highly transparent manner. These guidelines can easily be used not only by specialists, but also by non-specialists, general clinicians, nurses, pharmacists, clinical engineers, and other healthcare professionals