A Zonal Model for Predicting Simultaneous Heat and Moisture Transfer in Buildings

ABSTRACT To study the influence of adsorption/desorption by building materials on indoor air behavior, we have developed a zonal model to predict temperature and moisture fields in a room. This model is composed of two sub-models that represent indoor air conditions and room envelope. The heat and mass transfer across the building envelope are predicted by the "evaporation and condensation" theory. The resulting set of non-linear coupled equations is solved simultaneously by the oriented-object platform, SPARK. In a study case with 27 zones the proposed model is compared to one without adsorption/desorption by building materials. The results indicate that adsorption/desorption influences the moisture field in confined spaces

Reduced-scale study of transient flows inside mechanically ventilated buildings subjected to wind and internal overpressure effects

International audienceTo study transient mass transfers inside buildings equipped with ventilation systems, reduced-scale experiments have been performed by applying the scaling down methodology developed for studying isothermal airflows in a steady or a transient state [1]. Transient tests have been carried out both on simplified cases considered for the validation of the methodology and on two reference industrial configurations representative of real industrial facilities. In this article, focus is made on transient results obtained on simplified and reference industrial cases subjected to wind and internal overpressure effects. The main objectives are firstly to identify the internal transient airflow behaviour, compared with Helmholtz oscillated phenomena underlined from natural ventilation studies, secondly to analyse the pollutant containment of reference industrial configurations subjected to wind and/or internal overpressure effects due to an accident, and finally to check the ability of the SYLVIA code to model these transient phenomena. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd

Reduced-scale study of wind influence on mean airflows inside buildings equipped with ventilation systems

International audienceTo study mass transfers inside buildings equipped with ventilation systems, a methodology has been developed to carry out reduced-scale experiments for studying isothermal flows in a steady or a transient state. This methodology has been numerically and experimentally validated on simple configurations and applied to two reference configurations representative of nuclear facilities. The wind influence on mass transfers inside these configurations, in nominal, damaged (ventilation stopped) or accidental (internal overpressure) situations, has been studied by carrying out wind tunnel experiments. The objectives of this article are to present the scaling-down methodology and the main experimental results concerning the influence of wind on steady-state airflows inside the reduced-scale models. It is notably shown that wind effects can lead to a partial or a total loss of the pollutant containment inside buildings. The reliability of the zonal code SYLVIA, which is used to support safety assessments in nuclear facilities, has then been analysed from these experimental results. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd

Synthesis and biological activities of triazole derivatives as inhibitors of InhA and antituberculosis agents

InhA, the enoyl reductase from the mycobacterial type II fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, is a target for the development of novel drugs against tuberculosis. We exploited copper-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition between alkynes and different azides to afford 1,4-disubstituted triazole or α-ketotriazole derivatives. Several compounds bearing a lipophilic chain mimicking the substrate were able to inhibit InhA. Among them, 1-dodecyl-4-phenethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole displayed a minimum inhibitory concentration inferior to 2 μg/mL against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv

Chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole derivatives as inhibitors of InhA and antituberculosis agents.

A series of triazoles have been prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of InhA as well as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)R(v). Several of these new compounds possess a good activity against InhA, particularly compounds 17 and 18 for which molecular docking has been performed. Concerning their activities against M. tuberculosis H(37)R(V) strain, two of them, 3 and 12, were found to be good inhibitors with MIC values of 0.50 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. Particularly, compound 12 presenting the best MIC value of all compounds tested (0.6 μM) is totally inactive against InhA

Reduced-scale study of the coupling between thermal and wind effects on the ventilation systems of nuclear facilities

International audienceTo study heat and mass transfers inside nuclear facilities equipped with ventilation systems, a methodology was developed to carry out reduced-scale experiments for studying flows induced by thermal and wind effects simultaneously. The methodology was numerically validated on simple configurations and applied to a reference configuration representative of nuclear facilities. The effects of wind and thermal phenomena on heat and mass transfers in various ventilation situations (normal ventilation or ventilation switched off) and scenarios of heat supply were studied in wind tunnel experiments. The thermal sources that could be generated by an industrial process were reproduced experimentally with a helium injection. The objectives of this article are to present the scaling-down methodology and the main experimental results concerning the influence of thermal effects on airflows in the reduced-scale model. The effects of heat with or without wind on loss of building containment were also highlighted and analysed. Finally, the reliability of SYLVIA simulation software, which was used to support safety assessments in nuclear facilities, was analysed using the experimental results. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Efficacite de l'emission thermique des planchers chauffants en regime permanent

Annexe au rapport d'activite de la convention AFME-CETIAT 1989Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 400 (1377) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc