Is STARD3 A New Biomarker for Breast Cancer?

Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer is still one of the three most common cancers in the world and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Lipids play a role in many basic physiological pathways in cells, from regulating cell homeostasis to energy expenditure. As in many types of cancer, changes in lipid metabolism and their relationship have been reported in breast cancer. The STARD3 gene encodes a member of the subfamily of lipid trafficking proteins. It is a sterol-binding protein that mediates the transport of cholesterol from the endoplasmic reticulum to endosomes. It has been shown that STARD3 is correlated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification since it has the same localization as HER2 in the chromosome. In this review, we aimed to emphasize that investigating lipid metabolism together with the STARD3 biomarker has great potential not only for subtype-specific strategies but also for patient-specific strategies

Expression of Lung IL-1β and IL-6 in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindling Model Epilepsy

INTRODUCTION:Cytokines are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases such as epilepsy. It is predicted that ınterleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in brain tissue are effective in the initiation and maintenance of epileptic seizures. However, there is no study addressing the inflammatory process in the lung in epileptic conditions. It was aimed to contribute to the mechanism of respiratory pathologies accompanying epilepsy in this study.METHODS:The chemical pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) has been used to develop epileptic seizures in rats. To examine the effect of seizures on the formation of inflammation in the lung, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:We found that the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the lung tissue of rats in the animal model of epilepsy induced by PTZ increased significantly. In addition, we found that both IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression increased at a higher rate in epileptic females than males.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:This is the first study evaluating the IL-1β and IL-6 expression levels in the lung. Our results support the existence of an inflammatory state in epileptic patients. The significance of our findings will be supported by future studies on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in the lung

Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in amniotic fluids of pregnant women in south-central Turkey

WOS: 000326309900008The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in amniotic fluid of 200 pregnant women from the Cukurova region of Turkey. The concentrations of OCPs [hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (p,p-DDT), and various metabolites], and different PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection as follows: HCB 6.6 +/- 4.7, sigma HCH 21.6 +/- 14.2, sigma DDT 12.5 +/- 7.5, and sigma PCBs 74.0 +/- 54ng mL(-1). Correlations of maternal or gestational age and levels of OCPs and PCBs were not significant. The levels of these organochlorine compounds (OCs) were below detection limit for 5% of the samples, 80% contained more than one OC. This study illustrates that prenatal exposure of a fetus to OCs is prevalent in the Cukurova region.Cukurova University Research FoundationCukurova University [TF2011BAP6]Cukurova University Research Foundation provided the financial support for this work (Grant no: TF2011BAP6)

The evaluation of complete blood count ratios in children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019‐ncov) infection

We investigated hematological parameters included WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil and platelet count. Moreover, we evaluated hematological ratios such as NLR, MLR, ELR, BLR, PLR and MPV/PC. Two groups were classified as positive RT-PCR with bilateral patchy shadows or ground‐glass opacity in their lungs and negative RT-PCR for 2019‐nCoV. A total of 204 children were enrolled 2019-nCoV positive and negative. Seven 2019-nCoV positive patients were asymptomatic. Fever was mostly seen symptom in 2019-nCoV positive and negative patients at admission. White blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil and platelet count were significantly lower in 2019-nCoV positive patients than that of negative patients (p [Med-Science 2022; 11(1.000): 214-9

International Evaluation of Unrecognizably Uglifying Human Faces in Late and Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease. Sagliker Syndrome. A Unique Catastrophic Entity, Cytogenetic Studies for Chromosomal Abnormalities, Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene and GNAS1 Mutations. Striking and Promising Missense Mutations on the GNAS1 Gene Exons 1, 4, 10, 4

WOS: 000298638800030PubMed ID: 22200434Hypotheses explaining pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SH) in late and severe CKD as a unique entity called Sagliker syndrome (SS) are still unclear. This international study contains 60 patients from Turkey, India, Malaysia, China, Romania, Egypt, Tunisia, Taiwan, Mexico, Algeria, Poland, Russia, and Iran. We examined patients and first degree relatives for cytogenetic chromosomal abnormalities, calcium sensing receptor (Ca SR) genes in exons 2 and 3 abnormalities and GNAS1 genes mutations in exons 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 13. Our syndrome could be a new syndrome in between SH, CKD, and hereditary bone dystrophies. We could not find chromosomal abnormalities in cytogenetics and on Ca SR gene exons 2 and 3. Interestingly, we did find promising missense mutations on the GNAS1 gene exons 1, 4, 10, 4. We finally thought that those catastrophic bone diseases were severe SH and its late treatments due to monetary deficiencies and iatrogenic mistreatments not started as early as possible. This was a sine qua non humanity task. Those brand new striking GNAS1 genes missense mutations have to be considered from now on for the genesis of SS. (C) 2012 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey under Cukurova UniversityCukurova University [TF2009BAP8, TF2009BAP43, TF2009BAP21, TF2009D2]; ISURAT(International Society on Uremia Research and Toxicity)This study was mostly sponsored by Y.S. and by Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey for genetical material supplements under Cukurova University grants TF2009BAP8, TF2009BAP43, TF2009BAP21, and TF2009D2. Y.S. also participated to the ISURAT Congress, May 12-14, 2001, Nagoya, Japan as a speaker on this subject; his flight was sponsored by ISURAT(International Society on Uremia Research and Toxicity)

Behavior of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Gene Expression in Patients with Neuroblastoma

WOS: 000321597900003Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1P4), which induces cellular migration and prevents apoptosis, was investigated in patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma in our study. The study included 37 neuroblastoma patients and 25 healthy children. After RNA isolation, cDNA were performed and Si P4 gene expression levels were measured in leukocytes. S1P4 gene expression levels presented as mean +/- SD were high in the study group. The difference was statistically significant between neuroblastoma patients (0.0387 +/- 0.0647) and healthy children (0.0366 +/- 0.0238) for S1P4 gene expression levels (p=0.028). Patients given no chemotherapy yet and and those who already completed chemotherapy showed no significant difference statistically (p=0.886). While decreased S1P4 gene expression levels (0.0188 +/- 0.0069) were seen in patients receiving maintenance therapy, patients completed chemotherapy had increased S1P4 gene expression levels (0.0322 +/- 0.0303). The difference was meaningful (p=0.048). Although S1P4 gene expression levels (0.0310 +/- 0.0201) estimated before the beginning of chemotherapy were higher than that of maintenance phase (0.0188 +/- 0.0069), the difference was not significant (p=0.158). Higher S1P4 gene expression levels were remarkable in neuroblastoma patients. The suppression of S1P4 gene expression levels during maintenance phase and the increasing of expression in following up without chemotherapy could bring to mind that the chemotherapy could cause to decreased cell migration and/or induction of apoptosis. The effect of S1P4 on the tumor progression and the association with chemotherapy should be investigated in cancer cases

Increased serum myonectin and irisin levels with myonectin and FNDC5 expressions in polycystic ovary syndrome: a case control study

The aim of this study is to assess the FNDC5 and myonectin expressions and serum levels of myonectin and irisin in women with PCOS. 90 participants were included in this case-control study. 45 of these participants were with PCOS, and 45 of them were healthy volunteers matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Serum irisin and myonectin levels were measured with commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Expression of the myonectin and FNDC5 genes were determined by RT-PCR analysis. It was found out that FSI, HOMA-IR, LH, LH/FSH, TT, serum irisin and serum myonectin levels, myonectin mRNA expression, and FNDC5 mRNA expression were higher in the PCOS group, whereas HDL-C level was lower in the PCOS group (p < .05). When the groups were compared, it was detected that IR and HA were significantly higher in the PCOS group (p < .05). Serum irisin and myonectin levels, and myonectin and FNDC5 mRNA expressions were increased in women with PCOS. These molecules can be target molecules in PCOS pathophysiology and treatment.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Although the aetiology of PCOS is not fully understood, it is thought that insulin resistance may play a critical role. In recent studies, the relationship of cytokines secreted from skeletal muscle with insulin resistance has been shown. The effects of irisin and myonectin, which are members of the myokine family, on lipid and glucose metabolism are known. What do the results of this study add? Although there are many studies in the literature regarding serum irisin levels in women with PCOS, their results are confusing. There is a study in the literature investigating the relationship between myonectin and PCOS. In our study, we evaluated myonectin and FNDC mRNA expressions in addition to serum irisin and myonectin levels. As a result, we found that markers and their mRNA expressions were lower in patients with PCOS compared to controls. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? We think that the results of our study will shed light on future studies. Due to their effects on adipose tissue, these markers may play a role in the aetiology of long-term complications of PCOS. Moreover, they can become pharmacological targets in preventing these complications