11 research outputs found
Diffractive optics approach towards subwavelength pixels
Pixel size in cameras and other refractive imaging devices is typically
limited by the free-space diffraction. However, a vast majority of
semiconductor-based detectors are based on materials with substantially high
refractive index. We demonstrate that diffractive optics can be used to take
advantage of this high refractive index to reduce effective pixel size of the
sensors below free-space diffraction limit. At the same time, diffractive
systems encode both amplitude and phase information about the incoming beam
into multiple pixels, offering the platform for noise-tolerant imaging with
dynamical refocusing. We explore the opportunities opened by high index
diffractive optics to reduce sensor size and increase signal-to-noise ratio of
imaging structures.Comment: submitted to SPIE-DCS 201
Fresnel Refraction and Diffraction of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Conducting Sheets
Media 2: Low-diffraction beaming in plasmonic crystals
Originally published in Optics Letters on 15 July 2012 (ol-37-14-2976
Media 1: Low-diffraction beaming in plasmonic crystals
Originally published in Optics Letters on 15 July 2012 (ol-37-14-2976
Media 2: Diffractive interface theory: nonlocal susceptibility approach to the optics of metasurfaces
Originally published in Optics Express on 09 February 2015 (oe-23-3-2764
Spectroscopic insight into breast cancer: profiling small extracellular vesicles lipids via infrared spectroscopy for diagnostic precision
Breast cancer, a leading cause of female mortality due to delayed detection owing to asymptomatic nature and limited early diagnostic tools, was investigated using a multi-modal approach. Plasma-derived small EVs from breast cancer patients (BrCa, n = 74) and healthy controls (HC, n = 30) were analyzed. Small EVs (n = 104), isolated through chemical precipitation, underwent characterization via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Validation involved antibody-based tests (TSG101, CD9, CD81, CD63). Infrared spectra of small EVs were obtained, revealing significant differences in lipid acyl chains, particularly in the C–H stretching of CH3. The study focused on the lipid region (3050–2900 cm−1), identifying peaks (3015 cm−1, 2960 cm−1, 2929 cm−1) as distinctive lipid characteristics. Spectroscopic lipid-to-lipid ratios [(I3015/I2929), (I2960/I2929)] emerged as prominent breast cancer markers. Exploration of protein, nucleic acid, and carbohydrate ratios indicated variations in alpha helices, asymmetric C–H stretching vibrations, and C–O stretching at 1033 cm−1. Principal component analysis (PCA) successfully differentiated BrCa and HC small EVs, and heatmap analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluations underscored the discriminatory power of lipid ratios. Notably, (I2960/I2929) exhibited 100% sensitivity and specificity, highlighting its potential as a robust BrCa sEV marker for breast cancer detection.Full text license: CC BY 4.0;Funder: Lulea University of Technology; Department of Biotechnology, India (DBT/2021-22/THSTI/1601);</p