A Review of Real World Big Data Processing Structure: Problems and Solutions

Information sort and sum in human culture is developing in astonishing pace which is brought about by rising new administrations as distributed computing, web of things and area-based administrations, the time of enormous information has arrived. As information, has been principal asset, how to oversee and use enormous information better has pulled in much consideration. Particularly, with the advancement of web of things, how to handling huge sum continuous information has turned into an extraordinary test in research and applications. As of late, distributed computing innovation has pulled in much consideration with elite, yet how to utilize distributed computing innovation for substantial scale ongoing information preparing has not been contemplated. This paper concentrated the difficulties of huge information firstly and finishes up every one of these difficulties into six issues. Keeping in mind the end goal to enhance the execution of constant handling of substantial information, this paper manufactures a sort of real-time big data processing (RTDP) design considering the distributed computing innovation and after that proposed the four layers of the engineering, and various leveled figuring model. This paper proposed a multi-level stockpiling model and the LMA-based application organization technique to meet the continuous and heterogeneity necessities of RTDP framework. We utilize DSMS, CEP, group-basedMap Reduce and other handling mode and FPGA, GPU, CPU, ASIC advancements contrastingly to preparing the information at the terminal of information gathering. We organized the information and afterward transfer to the cloud server and Map Reduce the information consolidated with the effective processing abilities cloud design. This paper brings up the general structure for future RTDP framework and computation techniques, is right now the general strategy RTDP framework outline

Genre Analysis of Argumentative Essays of Pakistani EFL Learners

Argumentative essay is an important but difficult genre for non-native learners. There is a dearth of research in Pakistan that describes the nature of argumentative writing from genre-analytical perspective. The current study aimed at finding rhetorical patterns of argumentative essays written by Pakistani college and university students at ICLE (International Corpus of Learner English). A corpus of thirty three argumentative essays has been made. Hyland's model (1990) has been used as the analytical framework to analyze the move-step structure of the essays. In this corpus-based study Ant Mover software as well as human coders have identified and coded the moves. Results have shown that most of the argumentative essays followed the three stages given in the model and they also have obligatory moves set in the model. Findings have revealed that these essays also include some new moves which are not part of the model. The results of this study have pedagogical implications for the teaching and learning of ESP/EFL. It also provides the teachers with better information that can help to improve their teaching approach and materials for academic writing. Key words: argumentative essays, corpus-based, genre analysis, move-step structur

Near-Field Microwave Microscopy on nanometer length scales

The Near-Field Microwave Microscope (NSMM) can be used to measure ohmic losses of metallic thin films. We report on the presence of a new length scale in the probe-to- sample interaction for the NSMM. We observe that this length scale plays an important role when the tip to sample separation is less than about 10nm. Its origin can be modeled as a tiny protrusion at the end of the tip. The protrusion causes deviation from a logarithmic increase of capacitance versus decreasing height of the probe above the sample. We model this protrusion as a cone at the end of a sphere above an infinite plane. By fitting the frequency shift of the resonator versus height data (which is directly related to capacitance versus height) for our experimental setup, we find the protrusion size to be 3nm to 5nm. For one particular tip, the frequency shift of the NSMM relative to 2 micrometers away saturates at a value of about -1150 kHz at a height of 1nm above the sample, where the nominal range of sheet resistance values of the sample are 15 ohms to 150 ohms. Without the protrusion, the frequency shift would have followed the logarithmic dependence and reached a value of about -1500 kHz.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures (included in 6 pages

[Case Study] Reducing the negative environmental impact of SMEs in Pakistan’s leather and tanning industry

In the year 2000 the Norwegian Agency for Cooperation and Development (NORAD) and the Pakistan Government began to work together to reduce the environmental impact of small and medium-sized enterprizes (SMEs) in Pakistan’s private sector. Initial work began with the leather and tanning industry; one that was particularly known to be responsible for water pollution impacting on the availability of clean water to local communities. A social marketing programme was launched to change SME owners’/managers’ behaviour so as to reduce waste and negative environmental impact. At the same time SMEs would benefit from developing new capabilities, improving working conditions, increasing efficiency and cost savings, enhancing product quality, reputation and profitability. The programme was judged to be successful and was subsequently extended to other industrial sectors. However, while many SME owners adopted the new behaviours, others did not. This case study particularly focuses on the differences between adopters and non-adopters of pro-environmental behaviours to suggest how those implementing social change programmes can best target their interventions and accelerate the adoption process

AC solar cells: An embedded "all in one" PV power system

Journal ArticlePower converters constructed from discrete components are difficult to mass produce, and the installation involves a significant labor cost to have the proper interconnection among the panel, inverter and the grid. These facts indicate that the present PV technology may not be able to address the challenges involved in reaching the DOE target of $1/W. Therefore, a paradigm shift in the design of the entire PV power system is needed to reach this goal. In order to increase the converter reliability and watts/$, the active and passive elements of a power converter (especially capacitors and active switches such as MOSFETs, JFETs or IGBTs) could be embedded on the same substrate material used for fabricating the p-n junctions in the photovoltaic panel. To the knowledge of the author, there is no prior work in cell level power conversion, and therefore, this project idea could be considered as an "Out of the box" kind. A novel fabrication process is proposed in this paper demonstrating the integration of PV cells and two major components needed to build a power converter. Because of the cell level power conversion, PV panels constructed from these cells are likely to be immune to partial shading and hot-spot effects. The end goal of this research is to produce 120V/240V ac output directly from the panel. An extremely accurate device simulator (*Silvaco Athena/Atlas) was used to generate reasonably accurate characteristics of the proposed PV system

Neuroinflammation and Cerebrovascular Disease in Old Age: A Translational Medicine Perspective

The incidence of cerebrovascular disease is highest in the elderly population. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of brain response to cerebral ischemia in old age are currently poorly understood. Ischemic changes in the commonly used young animal stroke models do not reflect the molecular changes associated with the aged brain. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are important pathogenic processes occurring during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. Free radical generation is also implicated in the aging process, and the combination of these effects in elderly stroke patients could explain the higher risk of morbidity and mortality. A better understanding of stroke pathophysiology in the elderly patient would assist in the development of new therapeutic strategies for this vulnerable age group. With the increasing use of reperfusion therapies, inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress remain attractive therapeutic targets for the development of adjuvant neuroprotective agents. This paper will discuss these molecular aspects of acute stroke and senescence from a bench-to-bedside research perspective

Fabrication processes and experimental validation of a planar PV power system with monolithically embedded power converters

pre-printThis paper summarizes the research outcome intended to identify the most suitable device architecture and its implementation for cell-level power conversion in a photovoltaic (PV) system. The fabrication process to accommodate the power conditioning unit with the PV cells using the same process run have been presented in this paper. Using this method, the entire converter can be embedded with the PV cells producing AC power directly from the solar cell strings. The initial phase of this project simulated various circuit components in the CMOS process, and the project outcome has been summarized in a previous publication by the authors. This paper presents the experimental results of the proposed process, and a simple chopper circuit has been constructed using the embedded MOSFETs and the PV cells. The circuit has been experimentally characterized, along with components. In addition to the process-related challenges and issues, this paper explains the justification of this integration by achieving higher reliability, portability and complete modular construction for PV-based energy harvesting units. To the knowledge of the authors, no attempt has been made to fabricate power converter components with PV cells in the same process run