Infection submicroscopique à Plasmodium falciparum en zone d’endémie palustre : une revue de littérature

La détection des parasites responsables du paludisme se fait par microscopie ou par des tests de diagnostic rapide mais ces techniques ne  permettent pas de détecter tous les cas d’infection. L'adoption de techniques moléculaires pour la détection de P. falciparum a révélé, la présence de  nombreuses infections de faible densité indétectables par des techniques de routine et pourtant transmissibles. Dans cette revue, nous avons  analysé, la situation actuelle des infections submicroscopiques et discuter ; de leurs intérêts, dans le développement des stratégies de lutte, visant à  éliminer le paludisme. Souvent rapportée comme asymptomatique, l’infection submicroscopique à P. falciparum peut de manière imprévisible,  donner des accès palustres simple. La proportion de ces infections est généralement plus élevée dans les milieux à faible transmission. La rupture  temporaire de la transmission du paludisme pour des raisons thérapeutiques, prophylactique ou climatique est souvent, en lien avec  l’augmentation du taux des infections submicroscopiques. Des données montrent une persistance des infections submicroscopiques dans des pays  en phase de pré-élimination du paludisme et tout au long de l’année dans des zones à transmission pérenne. Il est important de développer des  utils simples et accessibles permettant de détecter Les infections submicroscopiques pour une prise en charge globale du paludisme.   English title: Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infection in malaria-endemic areas: a literature review Malaria parasite detection is undertaken using microscopy of blood films or rapid diagnostic tests. However, these tests do not detect all cases of  malaria infection. The adoption of molecular techniques to detect P. falciparum infection has revealed many low-density infections that are not  detected by routine techniques but are yet transmissible. In the present paper, the current status of submicroscopic infections was analyzed nd their  relevance to the development of control strategies to eliminate malaria discussed. Often reported as asymptomatic, P. falciparum  submicroscopic infection can specifically trigger ncomplicated malaria in both adults and childhood. The proportion of this infection is typically  highest in low transmission settings. The occurrence of submicroscopic infection is influenced mainly by climate notably the dry season and the  intermittent preventive treatment. There is evidence that submicroscopic infections persist in countries in the pre-elimination phase of malaria and  throughout the year in areas with perennial malaria transmission. It is therefore important to develop simple and accessible tools to detect sub-  microscopic infections for the  management of malaria

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-East Gabon

COVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease; it was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices of the Gabonese public towards COVID-19. This study was performed on 1016 participants. All participants filled in the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice towards COVID-19. Among participants, there were 535 men and 476 women. The mean age of the participants was 33.2 ± 16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknob (83.5%) and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban areas than those living in rural areas and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education. In general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19 and a positive attitude towards using protective measures; however, there were differences according to gender, age group, place of residence, professional group and level of education

Comparative antibody responses against three antimalarial vaccine candidate antigens from urban and rural exposed individuals in Gabon

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