Aggregate consumption behavior and the permanent income hypothesis

This paper shows that the random walk behavior of real aggregate consumption is unrelated to Hall's rational choice model. The result implies that random walk behavior of macroeconomic aggregates is something quite general which need have little relation to the optimizing behavior of individual agents.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/31057/1/0000734.pd

Simulation of residual oil displacement in a sinusoidal channel with the lattice Boltzmann method

We simulate oil slug displacement in a sinusoidal channel in order to validate computational models and algorithms for multi-component flow. This case fits in the gap between fully realistic cases characterized by complicated geometry and academic cases with simplistic geometry. Our computational model is based on the lattice Boltzmann method and allows for variation of physical parameters such as wettability and viscosity. The effect of variation of model parameters is analyzed, in particular via comparison with analytical solutions. We discuss the requirements for accurate solution of the oil slug displacement problem.Comment: Comptes Rendus Mecanique 201

Large eddy simulation of two-dimensional isotropic turbulence

Large eddy simulation (LES) of forced, homogeneous, isotropic, two-dimensional (2D) turbulence in the energy transfer subrange is the subject of this paper. A difficulty specific to this LES and its subgrid scale (SGS) representation is in that the energy source resides in high wave number modes excluded in simulations. Therefore, the SGS scheme in this case should assume the function of the energy source. In addition, the controversial requirements to ensure direct enstrophy transfer and inverse energy transfer make the conventional scheme of positive and dissipative eddy viscosity inapplicable to 2D turbulence. It is shown that these requirements can be reconciled by utilizing a two-parametric viscosity introduced by Kraichnan (1976) that accounts for the energy and enstrophy exchange between the resolved and subgrid scale modes in a way consistent with the dynamics of 2D turbulence; it is negative on large scales, positive on small scales and complies with the basic conservation laws for energy and enstrophy. Different implementations of the two-parametric viscosity for LES of 2D turbulence were considered. It was found that if kept constant, this viscosity results in unstable numerical scheme. Therefore, another scheme was advanced in which the two-parametric viscosity depends on the flow field. In addition, to extend simulations beyond the limits imposed by the finiteness of computational domain, a large scale drag was introduced. The resulting LES exhibited remarkable and fast convergence to the solution obtained in the preceding direct numerical simulations (DNS) by Chekhlov et al. (1994) while the flow parameters were in good agreement with their DNS counterparts. Also, good agreement with the Kolmogorov theory was found. This LES could be continued virtually indefinitely. Then, a simplifiedComment: 34 pages plain tex + 18 postscript figures separately, uses auxilary djnlx.tex fil

Eddy Rossby Wave Frequency in Β‐plane Turbulence

The concept of eddy viscosity is generalized to include an ‘‘eddy β‐term’’ that accounts for the effect of unresolved turbulence and Rossby waves on the resolved modes in the subgrid‐scale representation of β‐plane turbulence