Proton therapy Monte Carlo SRNA-VOX code

The most powerful feature of the Monte Carlo method is the possibility of simulating all individual particle interactions in three dimensions and performing numerical experiments with a preset error. These facts were the motivation behind the development of a general-purpose Monte Carlo SRNA program for proton transport simulation in technical systems described by standard geometrical forms (plane, sphere, cone, cylinder, cube). Some of the possible applications of the SRNA program are: (a) a general code for proton transport modeling, (b) design of accelerator-driven systems, (c) simulation of proton scattering and degrading shapes and composition, (d) research on proton detectors; and (e) radiation protection at accelerator installations. This wide range of possible applications of the program demands the development of various versions of SRNA-VOX codes for proton transport modeling in voxelized geometries and has, finally, resulted in the ISTAR package for the calculation of deposited energy distribution in patients on the basis of CT data in radiotherapy. All of the said codes are capable of using 3-D proton sources with an arbitrary energy spectrum in an interval of 100 keV to 250 MeV

The comparative analysis of thermal behaviour of a different thicknesses walls made from autoclaved aerated concrete blocks exposed to fire

In this paper a comparative analysis of thermal behavior of six partition walls with different thicknesses were presented. The walls were dimensions 3000 mm x 3000 mm made from autoclaved aerated concrete blocks with dimensions 625 mm x 200 mm and thicknesses 50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 120 mm, 150 mm and 250 mm. All walls were exposed to standard fire test according the standard SRPS EN 834-1, non- combustibility test according the standard SRPS EN 1182 and surface spread of flame test according to SRPS U.J1.060. All walls were tested to fire resistance in vertical furnace with a data acquisition system, according to standard fire test. Standard furnace for testing construction consist of four two step burners in liquid fuel type of 296 kW manufactured by ECO FLAM. Two transmitters of differential pressure type 6321 manufactured by TESTO (Germany), with range 100 Pa installed inside the furnace were used for pressure measurement. Inside the furnace the temperature on six places with thermocouple type K were measures. The measure ranges of thermocouple type K were -2700C to 13720C. The temperatures on unexposed fire side were measured in nine places with thermocouple type T with measure ranges - 2700C to 4000C of according the national standard SRPS U.J1.090. The obtained temperature results depending of the time of reaching the critical temperature were presented for each wall thicknesses. The five identical cylindrical samples with high 50 mm and diameter 45 mm for non-combustibility test has been used. All samples have been tested in standard furnace for non-combustibility test. The average temperature in furnace and specimens were presented. Surface spread of flame testing is carried out according to standard SRPS U.J1.060, if the coating material is based on organic or mixed materials. The samples for these test are with dimensions 900 x 230 mm

Experiments with RADFET dosimeter in electron-beams irradiation and numerical computation of the physical shielding factor

MOSFET electronic components are already the subject of several decades of research in various fields of dosimetry and radiation protection. Special interest appeared when these components are started to be used as dosimeters in radiotherapy with electron beams. However, if one looks much more serious in the wider scientific research horizon, all the results obtained in experiments with precisely defined energies of incident electrons can be used in other disciplines which consider the impacts spectra of cosmic radiation on electronic devices, which is especially importance for cosmic science and space research instrumentation. In this paper, one of the objectives was to examine the electrical characteristics specially designed ESAPMOS RADFET dosimeters in the experiments that were conducted on a linear accelerator installations. RADFET components are bombarded electron beams energy of 6 MeV and 8 MeV, and then are followed by changes in threshold voltage shift mean values depending on the change of absorbed dose is referred to as D(cGy) was determined in water. Conclusions performance RADFET components are more than encouraging in terms of further research to improve the linearity of the energy dependence as widely energy electrons. In the second part of the test complex structure of packaging components RADFET focus is placed on the determination of the energy deposited in layers that are of interest for the analysis of microscopic processes related to the recombination of radiation-induced electron-hole pairs. Transport incident electrons through all the layers of structure RADFET component type ESAPMOS was carried out numerical simulations of the Monte Carlo method using the software package FOTELP-2K12. On this occasion, were taken into account all the physical processes of interaction of electrons with materials given structure. When he conquered the numerical application of mathematical and physical model for determining the value of the absorbed energy as the energy deposited per unit mass in a given layers with different materials, it could be accessed defining physical shielding factor (PSF) for a given structure RADFET components. Physical shielding factor (PSF) is defined as the ratio of absorbed dose values, which in fact means that it is equal to the energy deposited when the RADFET is shielded with protection, and the RADFET without lid. When we know the energy dependence factor for PSF of RADFET with and without armour, can be carried out and the analysis of whether and to what extent the energy required compensating the electronic components. Monte Carlo simulations were performed for the transport of incident electrons from 4 MeV, 6 MeV, 8 MeV and 12 MeV. It can be concluded that the different energy of incident electrons there is a significant influence of material Kovar on the absorbed energy in SiO2 and Si layers structure RADFET, in cases where Kovar used among other things as physical protection.Third International Conference on Radiation and Applications in Various Fields of Research, RAD 2015, June 8-12, 2015, Budva, Montenegr

Primary pericardial mesothelioma presenting as constrictive pericarditis

Primary pericardial mesothelioma is an extremely rare and lethal cardiac tumor. We report an autopsy case of a primary pericardial mesothelioma in a 52-year-old man. He developed dyspnea, cough, low-grade fever and night sweats approximately 3 months before last admission. Initially, he was evaluated at a hospital in another city, without a firm diagnosis. Due to progressive symptoms and the development of lower-extremity edema, he presented at our hospital in September 2005. The physical examination at admission demonstrated signs of pericardial tamponade. Chest radiography revealed marked enlargement of the cardiac silhouette. Specimens of bloody pericardial fluid were positive for pericardial mesothelioma by cytologic examination. The general condition of the patient worsened very rapidly and he was transferred to the intensive care unit where he later died. Postmortem examination confirmed primary pericardial mesothelioma of the mixed/biphasic type with lymphatic metastasis in the right lung. By using immunohistochemical analysis for specific markers of mesothelioma and for differentiation of the mesothelioma from the lung adenocarcinoma, definitive diagnosis was established: primary pericardial mesothelioma

The diagnostics of particle ansambles and tisues on the base of scattering effects

Od dijagnostičkih tehnika zasnovanih na rasejanju svetlosti, koje se već uveliko koriste u tehničkim sistemuma, da bi se koristile i kod bioloških sistema, zahtevaju se određena specifična prilagođenja. Sa tim ciljem, u ovom radu su razmatrani dvojna fazna Dopler anemometrija i rasejanje svetlosti na tkivima. Iznete analize navode na zaključak da su moguća prilagođenja te tehnike pre svega kod ispitivanja manje kompaktnig bioloških sistema, kao što je na primer krv.In order to be applied in bio-system diagnostics, light scattering techniques have to be subject to certain adaptations. Thus, this papaer considers dual phase Doppler anemometry and light scatterinh on biological tissues. The analyses presented here lead to a conclusion that adaptations of the technique are possoble particularly in the case of less copact tissues such as blood

The diagnostics of particle ansambles and tisues on the base of scattering effects

Od dijagnostičkih tehnika zasnovanih na rasejanju svetlosti, koje se već uveliko koriste u tehničkim sistemuma, da bi se koristile i kod bioloških sistema, zahtevaju se određena specifična prilagođenja. Sa tim ciljem, u ovom radu su razmatrani dvojna fazna Dopler anemometrija i rasejanje svetlosti na tkivima. Iznete analize navode na zaključak da su moguća prilagođenja te tehnike pre svega kod ispitivanja manje kompaktnig bioloških sistema, kao što je na primer krv.In order to be applied in bio-system diagnostics, light scattering techniques have to be subject to certain adaptations. Thus, this papaer considers dual phase Doppler anemometry and light scatterinh on biological tissues. The analyses presented here lead to a conclusion that adaptations of the technique are possoble particularly in the case of less copact tissues such as blood

Procena uticaja poklopca pakovanja od izabranih titanijumskih legura na energetsku zavisnost RADFET dozimetara u poljima gama i X zračenja

U ovom radu je demonstrirana analiza dizajniranja RADFET dozimetra koja je bazirana na primeni numeričke metode Monte Karlo pri proceni uticaja titanijumskih legura kao izabranog materijala za poklopac pakovanja dozimetara. Sprovedene su Monte Karlo simulacije transporta fotona X i gama zračenja različitih energija kroz razmatranu strukturu RADFET dozimetra i pritom je proračunat energetski zavisan faktor zaštite (SEDF) koji je moguće definisati za elektronske komponente datog tipa. Uzimajući u obzir vrednosti SEDF za različite vrednosti incidentnih energija fotona i dobijene odgovarajuće deponovane energije u materijalnim zonama RADFET dozimetra, ustanovljeno je da je titanijumska legura sa cirkonijumom Ti-13Nb-13Zr pogodniji material za izradu poklopca za pakovanje.XXVII Simpozijum Društva za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore, Tara, 12-14. oktobar 2011

Experimental analysis of fire resistance of cly hollow-brick masonsry non-load bearing wall

Testing the clay hollow-brick masonry non-load-bearing wall helps us to understand the behaviour of this type of wall during a fire. It is important to know the fire resistance of hollow brick walls so that we can prevent the fire from spreading to other rooms. In this paper, the experimental analysis of fire resistance of non-load-bearing wall with dimensions 3000 mm x 3000 mm thickness 200 mm were presented. The wall was made from clay hollow-brick masonry blocks with dimensions 500 mm x 200 mm x 249 mm (L x D x H) with mortar on both side of wall of thickness 15 mm. The wall was exposed to a standard fire test according to SRPS EN 1363-1:2014. The temperatures on the unexposed side of the wall were measured in thirteen positions with thermocouples (K – type) according to the national standard SRPS EN 1364-1: 2014, and at the junction between mortar and clay hollow-brick. Deflection of the wall in five places was measured also. Obtained results depending on the time of reaching the critical temperature during the fire test were presented