Improving Quality of Life during Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Adenocarcinoma Patients: Effect of Prescribed Clinic-Based Exercise Program

Context: The mainstay of treatment of advanced prostate adenocarcinoma is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). ADT invariably results in a progressive loss of bone density and muscle mass and diminishing cardiopulmonary and cognitive function. Exercise is beneficial as adjuvant treatment during ADT. Aim: This study seeks to identify the benefit of prescribed exercise programs beyond routine physical activities of daily living in low‑income patients on ADT. Settings and Design: Men on ADT for 12 months who were in the remission phase of the disease were recruited for a 6 week supervised aerobic and resistive exercise program. Subjects and Methods: The effects of the prescribed exercise on muscle strength (MS), peak expiratory flow rate ( PEFR), maximum  oxygen uptake (MOU) and brief fatigue inventory (BFI) were assessed. 10R max test was deployed for MS while the modified Young Men Christian Association protocol for bicycle ergometer was used for PEFR and MOU. All measures were taken pre‑ and post‑intervention with a check for adverse events at week 3. Statistical Analysis Used: Simple frequency in SPSS version 21 was used. Results: Only 5 of 34 recruited subjects completed the study. There was 34.0% improvement in MOU, 34.9% improvement in PEFR, 130.0% increase in exercise duration, and 29.2% reduction in reported BFI. Improvement in parameters was more among those that had lower values at recruitment. Compliance with exercise prescription was a major challenge. All participants reported improvement in activities of daily living. Conclusions: Prescribed aerobic and resistive exercise program is beneficial during ADT for prostate adenocarcinoma. Those with poorer reserves tend to benefit more. Keywords: Androgen deprivation therapy, muscle strength, peak exploratory flow rate, prescribed exercise, prostate adenocarcinom

Paratesticular myxoid liposarcoma in a 23-year old Nigerian

Paratesticular liposarcomas are rare tumors and are usually seen in patients in middle age or older. Optimal treatment is radical orchidectomy. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy is added for advanced disease or recurrences. These practice guidelines often vary from the experience in developing countries

Prostate Cancer Detected by Screening in a Semi Urban Community in Southeast Nigeria: Correlations and Associations between Anthropometric Measurements and Prostate‑specific Antigen

Context: Prostate cancer (PCa) is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages in Nigeria.Aims: To determine the screen detected PCa prevalence in a suburban community and explore any relationships between prostate‑specific antigen (PSA) and anthropometric measurements.Settings and Design: Nsukka is a town and local government area (LGA) in   Southeast Nigeria in Enugu State. Towns that share a common border with Nsukka are Edem Ani, Alor‑uno, Opi, Orba, and Ede‑Oballa. Nsukka LGA has an area of 1810 km² and a population of 309,633 at the 2006 census. All consecutive responders who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Subjects and Methods: A screening outreach was conducted in one location in Nsukka. PSA testing and digital rectal examinations were performed. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Statistical Analysis Used: Results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY, USA). Categorical data were analyzed using the Chi‑square test, with significance level set at P < 0.05. Pearson’s correlation was conducted for interval data (P < 0.05).Results: One‑hundred and sixty men met the inclusion criteria and were screened. Age range was 40–81 years; PSA range was 1.20–33.9 ng/ml. Digital rectal examinations (DREs) was abnormal in 17 men. Median BMI was 27.49. A Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between age and PSA, r = 0.127; P ≤ 0.05, and DRE findings and PSA, r = 0.178; P ≤ 0.05. There was no significant correlation between height and PSA, r = −0.99; P = 0.211; weight and PSA, r = −0. 81 P = 0.308; and BMI and PSA, r = −0.066; P = 0.407. 8/21 men consented to prostate biopsy with three positive, giving a screen detected PCa prevalence of 1.875%.Conclusions: Screen detected PCa prevalence in high this population and efforts to improve early detection may be of value in improving treatment outcomes.Keywords: Body mass index, Nigeria, prostate cancer, prostate‑specific antigen,scree

The relationship between prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and body mass index and mid-abdominal circumference in men in a resource-poor community in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract Background There is paucity of information on the community-based prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men who are 40 years and older in the southeast region of Nigeria. This study seeks to determine the community-based prevalence of LUTS and the relationship between LUTS, and body mass index (BMI) and mid-abdominal circumference (MAC) in men. Methods An interviewer-administered, questionnaire-based survey. Three of nine settlement clusters were randomly selected while systematic random sampling of 1 in 3 eligible subjects was used to select participants. Analysis was done using SPSS® version 20. Results One thousand three hundred and nineteen duly completed questionnaires were analyzed. The respondents are within ages 40-92 years with mean age 54.2 ± 10.2 years, mean BMI 25.97 ± 4.18Kg/m2 and mean MAC 89.80 ± 12.43 cm. Overall prevalence of LUTS is 20.2%. Nocturia at a prevalence of 19.2% is the most prevalent lower urinary tract symptom and also the earliest to manifest. LUTS prevalence and severity increases with increasing age. About 9.6% report moderate LUTS while 2.3% report severe LUTS. Storage LUTS are reported more frequently than voiding LUTS. LUTS did not vary significantly with BMI, MAC or Wealth-Index. Conclusion LUTS prevalence and severity vary with age, but not with BMI, MAC or Wealth-Index