The Impact of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Patients Undergoing Oncological Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Prospective Multicentre Study

(1) Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) after head and neck free-flap reconstruction are a common postoperative complication. Risk factors for HAIs in this context and their consequences have not been adequately described. (2) Methods: Ongoing prospective multicentre study between 02/2019 and 12/2020. Demographic characteristics and outcomes were analysed, focusing on infections. (3) Results: Forty out of 65 patients (61.54%) suffered HAIs (surgical site infection: 52.18%, nosocomial pneumonia: 23.20%, bloodstream infection: 13% and urinary tract infection: 5.80%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae were the most frequently implicated. The significant risk factors for infection were: previous radiotherapy (Odds ratio (OR): 5.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39–21.10), anaemia (OR: 8.00; 95% CI, 0.96–66.95), salvage surgery (eight out of eight patients), tracheostomy (OR: 2.86; 95% CI, 1.01–8.14), surgery duration (OR: 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.02), microvascular reoperation <72 h (eight/eight) and flap loss (eight/eight). The major surgical complications were: a need to reoperate (OR: 6.89; 95% CI, 1.42–33.51), prolonged hospital admission (OR: 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06–1.27) and delay in the initiation of postoperative radiotherapy (OR: 9.07; 95% CI, 1.72–47.67). The sixth month mortality rate in patients with HAIs was 7.69% vs. 0% in patients without HAIs (p = 0.50). (4) Conclusions: HAIs were common after this type of surgery, many of them caused by resistant microorganisms. Some modifiable risk factors were identified. Infections played a role in cancer prognosis by delaying adjuvant therapy

Obliteración del seno frontal mediante abordaje subcraneal con viruta ósea de calota y DBX (Demineralized Bone Matrix). Estudio de regeneración ósea en patología traumática frontal

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 21/09/2012Fac. de MedicinaTRUEunpu

Tiroides lingual: un nuevo abordaje quirúrgico

Lingual thyroid is an uncommon congenital disorder of thyroid gland development, resulting in a lack of descend of the gland from the foramen caecum to his normal prelaringeal location. In this paper we present a case of a postmenopausic patient presenting with a big size lingual thyroid deeply located in the base of the tongue, suffering increasing disphagia and respiratory impairment. For tumor resection, we chose a surgical approach combining a cervical submental incision, lingual pull- through and midline glossotomy. We discuss the different image studies recommended for proper diagnosis also reviewing the most common surgical techniques used for treatment, as compared with the approach we have described in this case.El tiroides lingual es una rara anomalía congénita del desarrollo tiroideo resultante de la ausencia de descenso del mismo desde el foramen caecum hasta la localización prelaríngea habitual. Presentamos el caso de una paciente en edad postmenopáusica con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de tiroides lingual de gran tamaño y localización profunda en la base de la lengua que producía disfagia y dificultad respiratoria crecientes. Asimismo, planteamos un nuevo abordaje quirúrgico para la resección combinando cervicotomía media, pull-through lingual y glosotomía media. Se discuten las distintas pruebas complementarias para llegar a su diagnóstico y se revisan las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas habitualmente empleadas en su tratamiento concluyendo con las ventajas del abordaje empleado en este caso

Utilización del colgajo de músculo temporal en cirugía reconstructiva maxilofacial: revisión de 104 casos

Introduction: Temporalis miofascial flap has been used for craniofacial reconstruction since more than 100 years. The first described case in the medical literature was published by Lentz in 1895. The use of pedicled temporalis muscular flaps in cranial or facial reconstruction seems to be shifted nowadays by microvascular free flaps. Nevertheless, in our experience, this miofascial pedicled flap demonstrates to be a safe option for midfacial and lateral cranial base defects. Aims: To show our indications and results using the temporalis flap in craniofacial reconstruction. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of our experience with temporalis flap along the last decade. Results: A total of 108 flaps have been used in the following situations: postmaxillectomy defect reconstruction (44); cranial base (25) including anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossas; oral cavity and oropharynx (23); orbital exenteration (6); Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (6); others (2) with an overall success rate (no partial or total flap failure) over 94 %. Conclussions: Temporalis muscle flap is one of the «first choice» elections in reconstructive craniofacial surgery, for midfacial and cranial base indications. Non-careful surgical dissection and flap suture under tension predispose to complications such as flap necrosis (commonly partial) and wound dehiscence.Introducción: el colgajo de músculo temporal ha sido empleado en reconstrucción craneofacial desde hace más de 100 años. El primer caso descrito en la literatura fue publicado por Lentz en 1895. Hoy en día el uso de colgajos locales con músculo temporal parece ser desplazado por el uso de colgajos libres microvascularizados en la reconstrucción craneofacial. En nuestra experiencia dichos colgajos locales constituyen una opción segura en muchos de nuestros pacientes. Objetivos: mostrar nuestras indicaciones y resultados en reconstrucción craneofacial con el empleo del colgajo de músculo temporal. Material y método: análisis retrospectivo de nuestra experiencia con el colgajo de músculo temporal en la última década. Resultados: hemos empleado un total de 108 colgajos miofasciales temporales en pacientes adultos con las siguientes indicaciones: reconstrucción de defectos postmaxilectomía (44); cirugía de base de cráneo (25) incluyendo fosa craneal anterior, media y posterior; cavidad oral y orofaringe (23); tras exenteración orbitaria en pacientes oncológicos (6); anquilosis de ATM (6); secuelas faciales postraumáticas (2); reanimación facial (2). Conclusiones: el colgajo de músculo temporal es una de las primeras opciones en cirugía reconstructiva oncológica craneofacial, de la ATM y base de cráneo. La disección traumática del colgajo y la sutura a tensión predisponen la aparición de complicaciones como necrosis o dehiscencia de la sutura