Línea de investigación en Helicobacter pylori para la formación de recurso humano en ciencia, tecnología e innovación en el programa de microbiología

Este libro nace de la unión de un maestro altamente calificado y alumnos dedicados con unas creatividades activas y dispuestas a trabajar por resolver los problemas que trae una bacteria a la humanidad. Las investigaciones aquí consignadas son producto de los trabajos de grado de los estudiantes del programa de Microbiología, quienes además fueron miembros del semillero de investigación, MICROORGANISMOS DE IMPORTANCIA EN SALUD HUMANA Y ANIMAL “OBVIO-MICROBIO”. Apoyados y dirigidos por la doctora Adalucy Alvarez-Aldana, quien gracias a su amplio conocimiento en el microorganismo supo sembrar curiosidad sobre el mismo durante las sesiones del semillero, incentivando a muchos de sus alumnos a dedicar su trabajo de grado a resolver alguna pregunta que les surgiera en torno a este microorganismo. Aunque diferentes son las investigaciones, todas fueron trazadas con un fin común, entregarle a la humanidad un poco más de conocimiento sobre Helicobacter pylori, por esto la unión de estas investigaciones en una sola consigna, son importantes para entender más sobre todo lo que rodea esta bacteria y pretenden resolver muchos misterios que aún aquejan la epidemiología detrás de la misma. Estos trabajos son fruto de muchos esfuerzos, materiales y académicos, de personas grandiosas, de la unión de universidades, doctores y docentes de diferentes disciplinas, razón que demuestra una vez más que la unión hace la fuerza, porque solo llegarás más rápido, pero en compañía llegarás más lejos. Además, contamos con la fortuna de tener un capitulo invitado, cuyo tema no es sobre Helicobacter pylori, pero si un sobre un tópico de gran interes en la actualidad como es la resistencia bacteriana. Capitulo titulado: “Caracterización epidemiológica y microbiológica de las bacteriemias y su perfil de resistencia durante el periodo junio 2011 a junio 2015”

Realización, rodaje y postproducción del cortometraje “Desvío”

Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Comunicación Audiovisua

Ecosystem availability (km²) and suitability areas according to the potential distribution model (km²) and relative importance of ecosystem availability (REI = suitability/availability) calculated for <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i> in Ecuador.

<p>Ecosystems are sorted in descending order from the largest to smallest representative area as calculated by the model. The first 10 ecosystems represent ~98% of the distribution model.</p><p>*Values in REI ranged from 0–1, tending towards 1 when the total available ecosystem area was equal to the model suitable area.</p><p>Bold numbers represent ecosystems with availability of over 60% in Ecuador. Perturbed and without data areas were removed from the analysis.</p><p>Ecosystem availability (km²) and suitability areas according to the potential distribution model (km²) and relative importance of ecosystem availability (REI = suitability/availability) calculated for <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i> in Ecuador.</p

Generalized Additive Models (A-C) and scatter plot for the relation between suitability probability and altitude, in climate change scenarios (D).

<p>Non-parametric smoothers in GAM showing the multiple humped relationship between suitability probability and altitude, highlighting the possibility of minimum thresholds of altitude over ≈ 3,000 m (A-C). The etchings (small black lines) on the <i>x</i> axis in GAMs (A-C) indicate the density of probabilistic values located along the altitude, whereas centroids for the scattered data are represented as squares in (D).</p

Potential distribution and ecological niche models for <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i>, with percentage loss of extent of occurrence under differing global climate models (RCP 4.5/ RCP 8.5 scenarios), natural forest and Protected Areas (PAs) in the tropical Andes of Ecuador.

<p>Potential distribution and ecological niche models for <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i>, with percentage loss of extent of occurrence under differing global climate models (RCP 4.5/ RCP 8.5 scenarios), natural forest and Protected Areas (PAs) in the tropical Andes of Ecuador.</p

Map showing Mountain Tapir (<i>Tapirus pinchaque</i>) unique records (n = 155), overlaid with IUCN distribution and MaxEnt calibration and projection area.

<p>Training localities (black dots) and validation localities (white dots) used to generate and validate the models. Dark brown color represents area with altitudes of up 1,000 masl.</p

What’s on the menu? A presumed attack of Andean bear on a Mountain tapir at the Puracé National Natural Park, Colombia

Two iconic and charismatic species that inhabit the northern Andes of South America are the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) and the Mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque). Both species can be found sympatrically in several areas of Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. Despite their overlap in distribution, little is known about interactions between both species, with few reported cases of Andean bear attacks on the Mountain tapir. Here, we report a possible attack by an Andean bear on a Mountain tapir in the northern part of Puracé National Natural Park, Colombia based on strong wounds and marks on a tapir’s back and rump. The wounds match typical attack patterns generated by Andean bears and corroborates previous camera traps records of bears attacking tapirs in this locality

Potential distribution model of <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i> in Ecuador.

<p>(A) Potential distribution model is shown with the threshold value of Fixed Omission Value 10 (FOV10, dark blue); (B and C) Remnant potential distribution model with natural forests (green areas), perturbed areas (red) and principal roads in Andes of Ecuador (black lines); (D) Remnant potential distribution model predicted for Protected Areas of Ecuador (yellow areas bordered by black) and perturbed areas (red). Training localities (black dots) and validation localities (white dots) used to generate models are shown in (A). Numbers in (D) correspond to: Cayambe—Coca National Park (1); Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park (2); Antisana Ecological Reserve (3); Llanganates National Park (4); Sangay National Park (5); Podocarpus National Park (6); Chimborazo Faunistic Reserve (7); Los Illinizas Ecological Reserve (8); Cotopaxi National Park (9); and El Angel Ecological Reserve (10). Note an important reduction (~17%, in green) in the western Andes of the best-predicted potential distribution model (FOV10 threshold) when filtered to only include areas of natural forests (B), and a reduction of 52% when it was filtered to only include Protected Areas in Ecuador (D). Dark brown color represents area with altitudes of up 1,000 masl. The model was generated with the no-correlated environmental variables (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121137#pone.0121137.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>).</p

Potential ecological niche model of <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i> in two future scenarios of climate change based on the Global Climate Models of ACCESS 1.0.

<p>Potential ecological niche model for the year 2050, under (A) RCP 4.5 (optimistic) and (B) RCP 8.5 (pessimistic) climatic change scenarios. Numbers correspond to those referred to for Protected Areas estimation in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121137#pone.0121137.g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>. Note a reduction (~22–38%, in red) of the best-predicted potential distribution model (FOV10 threshold). In both scenarios, suitability areas for <i>Tapirus pinchaque</i> tend to critically reduce, especially in the southern regions. Shifts are depicted from their centroids in the ecological niche-space.</p