Remote Cerebellar Haemorrhage: A Potential Iatrogenic Complication of Spinal Surgery

We report the case of a 51-year-old man with no significant past medical history, who underwent elective revision spinal surgery and subsequently developed intracranial hypotension, remote cerebellar haemorrhage (RCH), and mild hydrocephalus on the fourth postoperative day. Remote cerebellar haemorrhage is a known complication of supratentorial surgery. This iatrogenic phenomenon may also occur following spinal surgery, due to dural tearing and rapid cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leakage, resulting in intracranial hypotension and cerebellar haemorrhage. This complication may result in severe permanent neurologic sequelae; hence, it is of pertinence to diagnose and manage it rapidly in order to optimise patient outcome

Remote Cerebellar Haemorrhage: A Potential Iatrogenic Complication of Spinal Surgery

We report the case of a 51-year-old man with no significant past medical history, who underwent elective revision spinal surgery and subsequently developed intracranial hypotension, remote cerebellar haemorrhage (RCH), and mild hydrocephalus on the fourth postoperative day. Remote cerebellar haemorrhage is a known complication of supratentorial surgery. This iatrogenic phenomenon may also occur following spinal surgery, due to dural tearing and rapid cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leakage, resulting in intracranial hypotension and cerebellar haemorrhage. This complication may result in severe permanent neurologic sequelae; hence, it is of pertinence to diagnose and manage it rapidly in order to optimise patient outcome

Parosteal Osteosarcoma of the skull: Pathophysiological and imaging review

Parosteal Osteosarcoma (POS) is a well-differentiated low-grade malignant sarcoma occurring at the bone surface. POS of the skull is exceedingly rare, with only 4 temporal bone cases reported in modern literature. This tumor may resemble a multitude of entities, hence identifying it is critical. This may be achieved through a combination of clinical, histopathological, and imaging diagnostic techniques. POS may recur locally or dedifferentiate, the latter having a worse prognosis. This review aims to update the reader regarding the management of the rare Parosteal Osteosarcoma located in the skull bone

Parosteal osteosarcoma of the temporal bone: Case report

Parosteal osteosarcomas (POS) are well-differentiated low-grade malignant sarcomas that are located on the surface of the bone. POS of the temporal bone is exceptionally rare, with less than a hand full of cases present in modern literature. Here, we report a POS of the temporal bone found incidentally and with an uncharacteristic presentation. We also review the unique imaging and histopathological findings of this entity and discuss why developing a broad differential diagnosis and proceeding with early intervention are considered imperative in this disease

Retroperitoneal Bronchogenic Cyst: Imaging and Pathophysiological Review

Bronchogenic cysts are rare lesions that form during early embryogenesis and are commonly located in the mediastinum. Retroperitoneally located bronchogenic cysts are an exceptionally rare entity. These are most commonly found incidentally on imaging. We will review the unique imaging and histopathological findings of this entity and discuss why prophylactic surgery is considered the treatment of choice. By reviewing retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts, we aim to educate clinicians regarding the presentation, investigations, imaging characteristics, and treatment of this exceeding rare entity

Renal neoplasms and computed tomography

Introduction: In recent years the increased utilization of imaging modalities has led to an accelerated diagnosis of renal masses. Initial diagnoses and staging are commonly done with the abdominal Computed Tomography (CT). This study evaluates the various aspects to consider when utilizing CT scan for the diagnosis of renal masses.Discussion: CT scan is the most important imaging modality to evaluate renal neoplasms. Postcontrast acquisitions can be tailored according to the indication for the study. This alongside various techniques, imaging modalities and classification systems may help differentiate the malignant Renal Cell Carcinoma, from benign or metastatic lesions, lymphomas or renal pseudotumor. Finally CT can also be utilized alongside other tools for staging the tumor. Conclusion: Certain CT imaging features are pertinent to evaluate the malignancy potential of renal lesions. However the CT alone may be inconclusive in diagnosing the majority of renal neoplasms, excluding AML with macroscopic fat. Hence it is recommended that the CT aid additional imaging modalities and tools to reach an accurate diagnosis