Application of Fuzzy-Parametric Linear Programming Problem

In this paper, we have created a link between the fuzzy linear programming and parametric linear programming by a new procedure for solving fuzzy-parametric linear programming problems, where the matrix coefficients are uncertain values .....................

Turbid of Water By Using Fuzzy C- Means and Hard K- Means

في هذا البحث طبقنا طريقتين الأولى Fuzzy C Means (FCM)  و الثانية Hard K Means (KM) لمعرفة ايهما الأفضل حيث طبقنا كلتاهما على مجموعة من البيانات التي جمعت من وزارة التخطيط عن تلوث (عكرة ) المياه لخمس مناطق في بغداد وذلك لمعرفة أي من هذه  المناطق اقل تلوث (عكرة )  في الماء الصافي  وبعد ان نحدد المنطقة الأقل تلوث (عكره) في الماء الصافي  نطبق طريقة Hard K Means (KM) لمعرفة أي الأشهر خلال السنة اقل تلوث (عكرة) في الماء الصافي في المنطقة المحددة .In this research two algorithms are applied, the first is Fuzzy C Means (FCM) algorithm and the second is hard K means (HKM) algorithm to know which of them is better than the others these two algorithms are applied on a set of data collected  from the Ministry of Planning on the water turbidity of five areas in Baghdad to know which of these areas are less turbid in clear water to see which months during the year are less turbid in clear water in the specified area

1,4-Diazepin-2-one Synthesis

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Ranking Function Methods For Solving Fuzzy Linear Programming Problems

In this paper, we concentrate on linear programming problems in which the coefficients of objective function are fuzzy numbers, the right-hand side are fuzzy numbers too, and both the coefficients of objective function as well as right-hand side are fuzzy numbers. Then solving these fuzzy linear programming problems by using many linear ranking functions. After that develop six numerical examples to illustrates the steps of solutions for all these type of linear programming problems which studying in this paper. Keywords: Fuzzy set theory, fuzzy linear programming, linear ranking function, trapezoidal membership

Synthesis of Tetrathiafulvalene-Containing Zirconium (IV) Pincers and Metallocavitands for Hosting Fullerenes

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of zirconium(IV) dicarboxylate 1 and metallocavitand 2 are described. Encapsulation studies of fullerenes C60 and C70 were performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy in chlorobenzene, toluene, benzene, carbon disulfide and in a mixture of toluene/dichloromethane. UV–Vis titrations have shown that the binding abilities of the hosts toward fullerene C70 are considerably higher than those obtained for fullerene C60

Zirconium(IV) metallocavitands as blue-emitting materials

A series of zirconium-carboxylate metallocavitands with the general formula [(CpZr)3(μ-κ2,O′,O″CR)3(μ3-O)(μ2-OH)3]Cl (Cp = cyclopentadienyl; R = C5H4N (5), C6H7N (6), C18H14N (7), and C18H12N (8)) were synthesized in moderate to high yields (40–83%) by reacting the corresponding carboxylic acids 1–4 with Cp2ZrCl2 in a self-assembly procedure at room temperature. The metallocavitands were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 7 and 8 exhibit efficient photoluminescence properties in solution. The photoluminescence peak of 7 was observed at 464 nm and that of 8 at 422 nm with respective quantum yields in solution of 87 and 65%

On the interaction of acetone with electrophilic metallocavitands having extended cavities

We report the synthesis and characterization of tantalum–boronate trimetallic clusters of general formula {[Cp*Ta]3(μ2-RB(O)2)3(μ2-OH)(μ2-O)2(μ3-OH)} (R= 4-(C6H5)(C6H4) (Ta3-4Ph), 4-(C6H5O)(C6H4) (Ta3-4OPh), 4-(C7H7O)(C6H4) (Ta3-4OBn), 4-(C8H5)(C6H4) (Ta3-4PhEt), and 4-(C12H7)(C6H4) (Ta3-4Napht)). All complexes have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The trimetallic species feature a large Lewis acid type cavity allowing for substrate binding in both the solid and the liquid state using a unique electrostatic interaction and a hydrogen bond. ΔH° and ΔS° values for association of acetone with the complexes vary between −2.0 and −4.1 kcal·mol–1 and −3 and 2 cal·mol–1·K–1, respectively, showing weaker binding than smaller cavitands of the same type. The barrier for acetone exchange at equilibrium is similar for all complexes, and ΔH‡ values vary between 8.2 and 11.4 kcal·mol–1

From molecular tweezers to metallocavitands : self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry

Ce mémoire décrit la synthèse d’hôtes organiques et organométalliques contenant des motifs riches en électrons, particulièrement le tétrathiafulvalène (TTF), pour la complexation supramoléculaire de fullerènes C60 et C70. Le chapitre 1 est une revue de la littérature qui présente les notions de cavitant, de métallocavitant et des hôtes supramoléculaires. Le chapitre 2 présente les méthodes de caractérisation utilisées dans ce travail. Le chapitre 3 est consacré à une nouvelle méthode de synthèse de pinces moléculaires et des récepteurs tripodaux contenant l’unité riche en électrons (TTF). Les pinces triazoles ont été préparées par chimie « clic » entre l'azoture -TTF et des dérivés benzéniques disubstitués en position 1 et 3 par un acétylène. La réaction de l'azoture-TTF et des 1,3, 5-benzènes trisubstitués a donné des récepteurs tripodaux. L'affinité des hôtes avec les fullerènes C60 et C70 a été étudiée par la méthode optique spectroscopique UV-vis dans quatre solvants différents. La constante d’association la plus élevée a été calculée pour l’hôte 4 dans le chlorobenzène. Cependant, le récepteur tripodal n'a pas montré une affinité importante envers les fullerènes. Le chapitre 4 est consacré à la synthèse des nouveaux metallocavitands de zirconium TTF- Zr3 préparés par la méthode d’agrégation. Un seul hôte a été isolé et caractérisé par la méthode spectroscopique. Dans ce chapitre, nous présentons l'étude des interactions supramoléculaires avec les fullerènes en surveillant la réponse UV-vis à l’addition d’une quantité croissante de fullerènes à la solution contenant l’hôte. Le chapitre 5 décrit la synthèse de nouveaux metallocavitants de Zr3 à partir de la réaction de dichlorure de zirconocène sur l'acide carboxylique. Quatre metallocavitants de Zr3 ont été préparés. Les structures cristallographiques, les propriétés photophysiques et leurs utilisations potentielles en tant que matériaux émissifs bleus ont été présentées. Le chapitre 6 est séparé en trois sections. La première section décrit la synthèse et l’affinité de metallocavitant de tantale (V) avec les fullerènes. La deuxième section illustre la tentative de synthèse d’une librairie de Zr3 en utilisant la réaction de couplage croisée. Enfin, la dernière section présente la synthèse du nouveau metallocavitant de Ta3Carbox obtenu par la méthode d’agrégation à partir de la réaction de Cp*TaMe4 avec de l'acide 4 - iodobenzoïque. La structure est étudiée par rayons X.This thesis described the synthesis of organic and organometallic hosts containing electron rich units in particularly tetrathiafulvalene (TFF) to bind fullerenes C60 and C70. Chapter two illustrates the different analysis techniques used in this thesis. Chapter three described new method for the synthesis of tweezers-like TTF and tripodal TTF molecules in addition to their binding affinity towards fullerenes C60 and C70. The tweezers-like TTF were prepared by click chemistry from azide-TTF and 1,3 substituted benzene. Similarly, the reaction of azide-TTF and 1,3, 5 substituted benzene yielded the tripodal-TTF receptor. The affinity toward fullerenes C60 and C70 were studied in four different solvents. The highest binding constant was calculated for host 4 in chlorobenzene toward fullerene C70. Moreover, solvent dependant behavior was observed with the studied host. However, the tripodal receptor did not showed significant affintity towards fullerenes. Chapter four described the synthesis of new TTF-Zr3 metallocavitand by coordination method; two hosts were isolated and characterized. In this chapter we present the binding study toward fullerenes by monitoring the UV-vis response to increasing amount of fullerenes added to the solution of the host. Chapter five described the synthesis of new Zr3 metallocavitand in one pot reaction from the reaction of zirconocene dichloride with carboxylic acid in aqueous media. Four Zr3 metallocavitand were prepared and the crystallography was presented in addition to the photophysical properties and their potential uses as blue emissive materials. The last chapter is separated into three sections. The first section described our early work on tantalum (V) metallocavitand in addition to their hosting capability toward fullerenes. The second section illustrate the tentative has been committed to the design and synthesis of Zr3 library using cross-coupling reaction in addition to the synthesis of extended Zr3-cinnamate metallocavitand. Lastly, the last section illustrates the synthesis of new Ta3-Carbox achieved by aggregation method from reaction of Cp*TaMe4 with 4-iodobenzoic acid. The single X-ray structure revealed a new structure with trimetallic core comparable to the core observed for tantalum metallocavitand

Some Methods to Estimate the Parameters of Generalized Exponential Rayleigh Model by Simulation

This paper shews how to estimate the parameter of generalized exponential Rayleigh (GER) distribution by three estimation methods. The first one is maximum likelihood estimator method the second one is moment employing estimation method (MEM), the third one is rank set sampling estimator method (RSSEM)The simulation technique is used for all these estimation methods to find the parameters for generalized exponential Rayleigh distribution. Finally using the mean squares error criterion to compare between these estimation methods to find which of these methods are best to the other

Synthesis and complexation study of new ExTTF-based hosts for fullerenes

A new series of exTTF hosts has been synthesized for supramolecular binding study of fullerenes C60 and C70. Binding constants for C60 in chlorobenzene, toluene, toluene-CH2Cl2 and CS2 have been calculated for different hosts and a direct structure-affinity relationship has been established. As predicted, receptors with two exTTF moieties (1, 3 and 4) have demonstrated higher binding abilities toward C70 than C60. Depending on the linker used to attach the exTTF unit to the core of the host, different binding modes (1 : 1 and 2 : 1) have been obtained