ON THE EARTH TIDES OBSERVED ON THE ASIAN CONTINENT AND IN THE PACIFIC AREA

A great many observations of earth tides are being made by means of gravimeters, tiltmeters and extensometers at many stations in the world since the International Geophysical Year. But the values of three characteristic numbers on the earth tides h, k and l, related to the elastic behaviour of the earth, obtained at many stations are not always identical and regional differences are clearly recognized in the values of the characteristic numbers. A considerable divergency in their values, far in excess of observational error is also observed with time, even at one station. Results of earth tidal observations made with gravimeters at some stations on the Asian Continent and in the Pacific Area since the beginning of the IGY, are described in the present article. Data have been analyzed by the method of least squares, the Fourier transform or the usual harmonic analysis for obtaining the gravimetric factor G=1-3k/2+h and the phase lag. The most reliable value of the gravimetric factor G for continental stations in Asia is 1.14 but that for oceanic ones is slightly larger. The value of the phase lag is very small for both the continental and the oceanic stations. A regional difference between Asia and Europe is clearly found in various values related with the earth tides. It could be due to a regional heterogeneity in the elastic properties of the Upper Mantle for both continents

The Dawning Era of Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis in Cellular Microbiology

Bacteria rapidly change their transcriptional patterns during infection in order to adapt to the host environment. To investigate host–bacteria interactions, various strategies including the use of animal infection models, in vitro assay systems and microscopic observations have been used. However, these studies primarily focused on a few specific genes and molecules in bacteria. High-density tiling arrays and massively parallel sequencing analyses are rapidly improving our understanding of the complex host–bacterial interactions through identification and characterization of bacterial transcriptomes. Information resulting from these high-throughput techniques will continue to provide novel information on the complexity, plasticity, and regulation of bacterial transcriptomes as well as their adaptive responses relative to pathogenecity. Here we summarize recent studies using these new technologies and discuss the utility of transcriptome analysis

A C₃-symmetric macrocycle-based, hydrogen-bonded, multiporous hexagonal network as a motif of porous molecular crystals

A C₃-symmetric π-conjugated macrocycle combined with an appropriate hydrogen bonding module (phenylene triangle) allowed the construction of crystalline supramolecular frameworks with a cavity volume of up to 58 %. The frameworks were obtained through non-interpenetrated stacking of a hexagonal sheet possessing three kinds of pores with different sizes and shapes. The activated porous material absorbed CO₂ up to 96 cm³ g-¹ at 195 K under 1 atm.This is the accepted version of the following article: Hisaki I., Nakagawa S., Tohnai N., et al. A C₃-symmetric macrocycle-based, hydrogen-bonded, multiporous hexagonal network as a motif of porous molecular crystals. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 54, 3008 (2015), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201411438.[Link to final article]. This article may be used for non-commercialpurposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-ArchivingPolicy [https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html

Identification of non-coding RNAs embracing microRNA-143/145 cluster

In a variety of cancers, altered patterns of microRNA (miRNA) expression are reported and may affect the cell cycle and cell survival. Recent studies suggest that the expression level of miRNAs that act as tumor suppressors is frequently reduced in cancers because of chromosome deletions, epigenetical changes, aberrant transcription and disturbances in miRNA processing. miR-143 and -145, which are located approximately 1.3 kb from each other at chromosome 5q33, are highly expressed in several tissues, but down-regulated in most cancers. However, the mechanism of this down-regulation has not been investigated in detail. Here, we show that both miRNAs were expressed well under the same control program in human tissues, but were down-regulated equally in the most of the cancer cell lines tested. Then we identified the host gene encoding both miRNAs. The transcripts of this gene were approximately 11, 7.5, and 5.5 kb long; and the expression of these transcripts was coordinated with that of its resident miRNAs and down-regulated in the cancer cell lines tested as well as in colorectal cancer tissue samples. These data demonstrate that the host gene can function as a primary miRNA transcript and suggest that the down-regulation of host gene expression caused the low-expression of its encoded microRNAs-143 and -145 in human cancer cell lines and in cancer tissues