Tautomerism of 2-Hydroxy-1, 3-diazaazulene

This is a study of the lactim-lactam type tautomerism of 2-hydroxy-1, 3-diaza-azulene (I). 2-Hydroxy-1, 3-diazaazulene (I)^), obtained by hydrolysis of 2-amino-^ or 2-mer-capto-1, 3-diazaazulene^ with hydrochloric acid, is considered to be present in the so-called lactim-lactam type tautomers (Ia and Ib). This is certain from the fact that two kinds of methylated products, O-methyl (IIa) and N-methyl compounds (IIb)^, are obtained on methylation of I with diazomethane. I is easily soluble in dilute acids and alkalis, is not colored by ferric chloride, and reacts with ketonic reagents such as 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to form a hydrazone^. Results of examinations on the ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra, and methylation of I are described in this paper

Dopaminergic stimulation up-regulates the in vivo expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the striatum

AbstractWe investigated the effect of dopamine on the in vivo expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the striatum of mouse. BDNF mRNA expression in the striation, which was Quantified with the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was up-repulated from 2 h after oral administration of levodopa, a precursor of dopamine. The increase was sustained for 16 h. Co-administrstion of haloperidol partially inhibited dopamine-induced BDNF enhancement. These data suggest that dopaminergic stimulation directly promotes the expression of BDNF in the striatum in vivo

Cloning of cDNAs for the Precursor Protein of a Low-Molecular-Weight Subunit of the Inner Layer of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of the Fish Oryzias latipes

AbstractcDNA clones for L-SF, the precursor of a low-molecular-weight subunit (ZI-3) of the inner layer of the Oryzias latipes egg envelope were isolated from Lambda ZAP cDNA libraries constructed from the poly(A)+ RNA of the liver of spawning female fish and estrogen-treated male fish. Among them, a clone, L-SF41, is 1473 bp long and contains an open reading frame encoding a signal peptide of 19 amino acids and L-SF protein of 420 amino acids. L-SF protein seems to be glycosylated, judging from the result of the glycanase digestion. L-SF protein contains a domain similar to ZP-domains in ZP3 of some mammalian species. Northern blot analysis employing XhoI-SmaI fragments of the cloned cDNA as probes revealed that expression of the L-SF gene occurred exclusively in the livers of spawning female fish and estrogen-treated male fish and that there was no mRNA encoding L-SF in the ovary of the spawning female fish

Photodecomposition of Ergosterol by Near-UV irradiation in the Plasma Membrane of the Yeast Rhodotorula minuta

In search for primary photochemical reaction related to photoinduced carotenogenesis and photoinactivivation in yeast Rhodotorula minuta, the influence of near-UV radiation (300-400 nm) on ergosterol in the plasma membrane of the yeast. Irradiation by near-UV of intact cells and the plasma membrane preparation from the yeast caused changes in their absorption spectra. For the plasma membrane, difference spectra measured after irradiation of near-UV suggested the decomposition of ergosterol and the suggestion was proved by HPLC analysis. Experiments in model systems revealed that ergosterol itself was the photoreceptor in the photochemical reaction, and that there was not any other photoreceptor or photosensitizer which was related to photochemical reaction of ergosterol decomposition in the plasma membrane.酵母Rhodotorula minutaにおけるカロテノイドの光誘導合成および細胞膜の機能損傷に関わる初期光化学反応についての知見を得る目的で、長波長紫外光(UV-A光)による細胞膜エルゴステロールの分解を調べ、次の結果を得た。酵母菌体および菌体から調製した細胞膜調製品に長波長紫外光を照射すると吸収スペクトルに微細な変化が生じることを認めた。細胞膜調製品に生じた吸収スペクトルの変化は細胞膜エルゴステロールが光化学分解を受けることを予想させ、この予想はHPLC分析によって確かめられた。また、モデル系での実験によって、細胞膜中のエルゴステロールの光化学反応には特別な光受容体あるいは光増感剤は介在しておらず、エルゴステロール自身が光受容体であり反応基質となっていることが明らかになった

Production of C

Ethanol conversion to C3+ olefins, especially propylene, using Zr-modified H-ZSM-5 catalysts was investigated. Zr-modification to H-ZSM-5 zeolite could improve the initial yield of C3+ olefins and propylene and could reduce the initial yield of ethylene. In general, catalysts exhibiting the higher initial yield of propylene showed the steeper decrease in propylene yield as the reaction proceeded. However, Zr-modification to H-ZSM-5 could depress the decrease in propylene yield for aqueous ethanol. As cause of catalytic deactivation, carbon deposition on catalyst and framework collapse of zeolite support can be considered. The addition of water to Zr-modified H-ZSM-5 catalyst could depress carbon deposition in some degree, and, as a result, the decrease in propylene yield could be depressed