Brain arteriovenous malformations: Report of a case

Brain Arteriovenous Malformation (BAVM) is a form of congenital vascular malformation that are present at birth, and may be evident clinically, and usually will grow commensurately with the child. We report an adult ,a 40-year-old woman with brain arteriovenous malformation presenting with headache and epileptic seizures. CT scan demonstrated a Serpinginous enhanced brain lesion and angiography further supported the diagnosis with presence of tortuous, dilated and arterio-venous communicating cerebral vessels. These findings were later confirmed at surgery and supported with histology. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research Vol. 7(1&2) 2005: 216–21

Dicephalus dipus tetrabrachius conjoined twins of Zaria: Case report and literature review

One of the most interesting congenital malformations to manage is a conjoined twin. Conjoined twins are rare occurrences in obstetric/pediatric practice. More commonly known as Siamese twins, this phenomenon is shrouded in mystery and considered a curiosity by general public. Current technology is lending a helping hand in the early diagnosis of these conditions. Frequently, the twins are born dead, but there are few cases in which the twins survive. We presented a case of dicephalus dipud conjoined twins; a rare type of conjoined twins.Key words: Conjoined twins, dicephalus, dipus, tetrabrachiu

Sheehan's Syndrome; A Rare Complication of Postpartum Hemorrhage - Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sheehan Syndrome is a Condition that may occur in a woman who bleeds severely during child birth. Severe bleeding during child birth can cause tissue death in the pituitary gland, which may cause the +0 gland to lose its ability to function properly. We reported a case of a 21 year old lady gravida 1 para 1 (alive) who developed Sheehan's syndrome six months after extreme post partum hemorrhage. High level of suspicious was employed based on clinical history and couple with the laboratory blood tests and magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in arriving at diagnosis of this rare complication of lifethreatening blood loss during or after child birth. We also highlighted the importance of proper medical care in preventing extreme bleeding during child birth, otherwise, Sheehan's syndrome is not preventable.Keywords: Sheehan's Syndrome, Post Partum Hemorrhag

Computed tomography: ocular manifestations in acute head injury patients in Jos university teaching hospital

Background: Acute head injuries are common in the population. Associated ocular injuries are occasionally encountered and these are of varying nature and outcome.Methods: We reviewed 98 brain computed tomographic results retrospectively. These are cases that were done between Jan. 2013- Jan. 2014. Statistical information and analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Pearson correlation was performed and the level of significance set at d=0.05. Student t-test was also performed to compare the difference of the ocular findings and sexes.Results: Head injuries are more in males with a ratio of 4:1. It was noted more in the third decade of life. Ocular findings were more in males and the severity of the ocular findings was related to the severity of the head injury.Keywords: Acute head injury, Ocular findings and Computed tomography

Esophageal carcinoma complicating achalasia, 25 years after esophagomyotomy

The development of Esophageal carcinoma with achalasia long after adequate surgical treatment is a rare occurrence which is seldom documented in clinical reports. We present a report of oeseophageal Carcinoma in an 82year old woman with achalasia of the esophagus 25 years after esophagomyotomy. Serial Imaging and Endoscopic examinations revealed the malignant transformation of the achalasia. This emphasizes the need for life long surveillance in the management of cancer oesophagus. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research Vol. 7(1&2) 2005: 209–21

Sonographic analysis of adult polycystic kidney disease: Retrospective data from South‑East Nigeria

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (APKD), an inheritable multisystem disease characterized by intrarenal and at times extrarenal disease, has been studied extensively among Caucasian populations. Despite the fact that being black is a risk factor for progressive disease, there is paucity of local published data. As a result, true local incidence and peculiarities in clinical and sonographic characteristics are unknown.Aim: To present data from 19 patients diagnosed with APKD in a medium‑sized facility over a 16‑year period.Materials and Methods: A retrospective search was done on the ultrasound registers for patients who had undergone abdominal ultrasound in 16 years (1997-2013). Of the 29 sonographic diagnoses of bilateral PKD made, only 19 had complete records and were included in the study. Data extracted were‑ age, sex, working diagnosis, renal size, diameter of renal cysts, presence or absence of extrarenal cysts, family history of renal cystic disease, blood pressure at diagnosis, and patient outcome.Results: A total of 19 diagnoses of APKD were made-12 males and seven females with a sex ratio of 1:0.6. Total mean age was 54.8 years (range 31–79 years) -40.1 years for females and 57.2 years for males. In 89.5% of cases, no family history of APKD was obtained. Only six (31.6%) patients were hypertensive at presentation and three patients (16%) were already in renal failure. Ultrasound showed a mean renal size of 88.92 cm2 for the right kidney and 98.97cm2 for the left. Mean cyst diameter was 3.46 cm (range 2.08-4.85cm). Only one patient had documented extrarenal cystic disease. Two patients were lost to renal failure and congestive cardiac failure.Conclusion: APKD appears to be uncommon in our environment; however, more studies may be elucidatory. Standard sonographic protocol for collecting data from patients with APKD is needed.Key words: Polycystic kidneys, screening, ultrasoun