Higher occurrence of nausea and vomiting after total hip arthroplasty using general versus spinal anesthesia: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Under the assumption that postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) may occur after total hip arthroplasty (THA) regardless of the anesthetic technique used, it is not clear whether general (GA) or spinal (SA) anesthesia has higher causal effect on this occurrence. Conflicting results have been reported. METHODS: In this observational study, we selected all elective THA interventions performed in adults between 1999 and 2008 in a Swiss orthopedic clinic under general or spinal anesthesia. To assess the effect of anesthesia type on the occurrence of PONV, we used the propensity score and matching methods, which allowed us to emulate the design and results of an RCT. RESULTS: Among 3922 procedures, 1984 (51 %) patients underwent GA, of which 4.1 % experienced PONV, and 1938 underwent SA, of which 3.5 % experienced PONV. We found that the average treatment effect on the treated, i.e. the effect of anesthesia type for a sample of individuals that actually received spinal anesthesia compared to individuals who received GA, was ATET = 2.00 % [95 % CI, 0.78-3.19 %], which translated into an OR = 1.97 [95 % CI 1.35; 2.87]. CONCLUSION: This suggests that the type of anesthesia is not neutral regarding PONV, general anesthesia being more strongly associated with PONV than spinal anesthesia in orthopedic surgery

Enquête auprès des usagers d'EMS en 2013 : résidents, collaborateurs, proches

Synthèse d'une enquête auprès de plus de 3'400 personnes réalisée par l'Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive (IUMSP) sur mandat de la Commission des infrastructures d'hébergement (CIH) Dans toutes les catégories d'établissements médico-sociaux (EMS), le niveau général de satisfaction des usagers peut être considéré comme élevé à très élevé : les résidents expriment une satisfaction globale élevée quant au cadre de vie proposé (score de satisfaction globale compris entre 7.5 et 8.0 selon la catégorie d'EMS sur une échelle allant de 0 à 10) ; cette appréciation est partagée par leurs proches (score compris entre 7.6 et 8.0); les collaborateurs évaluent dans l'ensemble très positivement leur cadre professionnel, tout en relevant certains aspects susceptibles d'être améliorés. Les EMS construits depuis 2003 selon les Directives et recommandations architecturales des EMS vaudois (DAEMS) sont associés avec une satisfaction moyenne plus élevée de leurs usagers (résidents, proches, professionnels). Les atouts les plus appréciés des EMS construits selon les DAEMS sont : le confort du cadre de vie, en particulier pour les résidents les plus autonomes; le respect plus grand de la sphère privé et l'accueil des proches; l'organisation et le confort de travail pour les collaborateurs. Dans le domaine de la psychiatrie de l'âge avancé, les résidents et leurs proches témoignent d'une satisfaction quasi identique entre EMS construits avant ou selon les DAEMS

Hypertension and intra-operative incidents: a multicentre study of 125000 surgical procedures in Swiss hospitals.

It is debated whether chronic hypertension increases the risk of cardiovascular incidents during anaesthesia. We studied all elective surgical operations performed in adults under general or regional anaesthesia between 2000 and 2004, in 24 hospitals collecting computerised clinical data on all anaesthetics since 1996. The focus was on cardiovascular incidents, though other anaesthesia-related incidents were also evaluated. Among 124,939 interventions, 27,881 (22%) were performed in hypertensive patients. At least one cardiovascular incident occurred in 7549 interventions (6% (95% CI 5.9-6.2%)). The average adjusted odds ratio of cardiovascular risk for chronic hypertension was 1.38 (95% CI 1.27-1.49). However, across hospitals, adjusted odd ratios varied from 0.41 up to 2.25. Hypertension did not increase the risk of other incidents. Hypertensive patients are still at risk of intra-operative cardiovascular incidents, while risk heterogeneity across hospitals, despite taking account of casemix and hospital characteristics, suggests variations in anaesthetic practices