With a Little Help from My Friends: The Federal Government\u27s Reliance on Cooperation from the States in Enforcing Immigration Policy

Part I of this Note describes (A) the legislative developments of United States immigration policy from its roots; (B) the history of deportation laws; (C) deportation for controlled substance violations; (D) Kansas‘s modern criminal sentencing policy; and (E) the convergence of all of the above in Martinez. Part II distills (A) the trend toward exclusion in the history of immigration policy; (B) the policy considerations underlying sentencing guidelines; (C) the interplay between state and federal policymakers in immigration law; and (D) the problems with the Kansas Court of Appeals‘s decision in Martinez. Part III explores (A) the basis of the Martinez decision and the appellate court‘s misconception; (B) a hypothetical situation in which the court did not misconceive, yet made incorrect assumptions; and (C) a further hypothetical situation in which the court was correct in its assumptions, yet under any of the situations explored, its decision was inappropriate. Part IV summarizes the consequences of Martinez and the extent to which an alternative holding would promote teamwork between state and federal authorities and better execution of Congress‘s restrictive immigration policy

Registration of retinal images from Public Health by minimising an error between vessels using an affine model with radial distortions

In order to estimate a registration model of eye fundus images made of an affinity and two radial distortions, we introduce an estimation criterion based on an error between the vessels. In [1], we estimated this model by minimising the error between characteristics points. In this paper, the detected vessels are selected using the circle and ellipse equations of the overlap area boundaries deduced from our model. Our method successfully registers 96 % of the 271 pairs in a Public Health dataset acquired mostly with different cameras. This is better than our previous method [1] and better than three other state-of-the-art methods. On a publicly available dataset, ours still better register the images than the reference method

Direct evidence for the magnetic ordering of Nd ions in NdFeAsO by high resolution inelastic neutron scattering

We investigated the low energy excitations in the parent compound NdFeAsO of the Fe-pnictide superconductor in the $\mu$eV range by a back scattering neutron spectrometer. The energy scans on a powder NdFeAsO sample revealed inelastic peaks at E = 1.600 $\pm 0.003 \mu$eV at T = 0.055 K on both energy gain and energy loss sides. The inelastic peaks move gradually towards lower energy with increasing temperature and finally merge with the elastic peak at about 6 K. We interpret the inelastic peaks to be due to the transition between hyperfine-split nuclear level of the $^{143}$Nd and $^{145}$Nd isotopes with spin $I = 7/2$. The hyperfine field is produced by the ordering of the electronic magnetic moment of Nd at low temperature and thus the present investigation gives direct evidence of the ordering of the Nd magnetic sublattice of NdFeAsO at low temperature

Trigger R&D for CMS at SLHC

CERN has made public a comprehensive plan for upgrading the LHC proton-proton accelerator to provide increased luminosity commonly referred to as Super LHC (SLHC) [1]. The plan envisages two phases of upgrades during which the LHC luminosity increases gradually to reach between 6-7×1034 cm-2sec-1. Over the past year, CMS has responded with a series of workshops and studies which have defined the roadmap for upgrading the experiment to cope with the SLHC environment. Increased luminosity will result in increased backgrounds and challenges for CMS and a major part of the CMS upgrade plan is a new Level-1 Trigger (L1T) system which will be able to cope with the high background environment at the SLHC. Two major CMS milestones will define the evolution of the CMS trigger upgrades: The change of the Hadronic Calorimeter electronics during phase-I and the introduction of the track trigger during phase-II. This paper outlines alternative designs for a new trigger system and the consequences for cost, latency, complexity and flexibility. In particular, it looks at how the trigger geometry of CMS could be mapped onto the latest generation of hardware while remaining backwards compatible with current infrastructure. A separate paper presented at this conference [2] looks at what could be possible if large parts of the trigger system were changed, or additional hardware added to create a time multiplexed trigger system

The GCT Matrix Card and its Applications

The Matrix card is the first in what is expected to be a series of xTCA cards produced for a variety of projects at CMS. It was developed as a joint collaboration between colleagues at Princeton, Imperial College, LANL and CERN. The device comprises the latest generation of readilyavailable Xilinx FPGAs, cross-point switch technology and high-density optical links in a 3U form factor. In this paper we will discuss the development and test results of the Matrix card, followed by some of the tasks to which it is being applied

Depression and playfulness in fathers and young infants: A matched design comparison study.

BACKGROUND: Depression in fathers in the postnatal period is associated with an increased risk of some adverse child developmental outcomes. One possible mechanism for the familial transmission of risk is through the negative effects of depression on parenting and the parent-child relationship. So far, evidence indicates that depressed fathers tend to be more withdrawn in their early interactions. However, the interaction dimensions studied to date may not be able to detect and accurately classify unique features of father-infant play - including physically stimulating and highly rousing episodes of play. Hence, in this matched design comparison study, we set out to examine, for the first time, links between diagnosed paternal depression in the postnatal period and playfulness in father-infant interactions. METHODS: Fathers and their infants were assessed when the infants were 3 months old. Paternal depression was diagnosed using a structured psychiatric interview. Currently depressed (n = 19) and non-depressed (n = 19) fathers were individually matched on age and education. Fathers were filmed playing with their children. Four dimensions were coded for paternal playfulness during free-play: physicality, playful excitation, tactile stimulation and active engagement. RESULTS: Depressed fathers, compared to non-depressed fathers, engaged in fewer episodes of playful excitation (mean scores: 0.71 vs.2.53, p = 0.005), less gentle touch (mean time: 38.57 vs. 53.37, p = 0.015) and less active engagement (mean scores: 2.29 vs 3.24, p = 0.044). When controlling for infant fretfulness, the findings remained largely unchanged. LIMITATIONS: The sample size was small and the sample was limited to mostly white, well-educated fathers. CONCLUSIONS: Playful paternal behaviours as early as 3 months differ between fathers with and without depression. These changes may help in understanding children's risk in relation to paternal psychopathology and could be a target for future family interventions

The CMS Global Calorimeter Trigger Hardware Design

An alternative design for the CMS Global Calorimeter Trigger (GCT) is being implemented. The new design adheres to all the CMS specifications regarding interfaces and functional requirements of the trigger systems. The design is modular, compact, and utilizes proven components. Functionality has been partitioned to allow commissioning in stages corresponding to the different capabilities being made operational. The functional breakdown and hardware platform is presented and discussed. A related paper discusses the firmware required to implement the GCT functionality