Continuous variable teleportation of single photon states

The properties of continuous variable teleportation of single photon states are investigated. The output state is different from the input state due to the non-maximal entanglement in the EPR beams. The photon statistics of the teleportation output are determined and the correlation between the field information beta obtained in the teleportation process and the change in photon number is discussed. The results of the output photon statistics are applied to the transmission of a qbit encoded in the polarization of a single photon.Comment: 14 pages, including 6 figure

Experimental investigation of continuous variable quantum teleportation

We report the experimental demonstration of quantum teleportation of the quadrature amplitudes of a light field. Our experiment was stably locked for long periods, and was analyzed in terms of fidelity, F; and with signal transfer, T_{q}=T^{+}+T^{-}, and noise correlation, V_{q}=V_{in|out}^{+} V_{in|out}^{-}. We observed an optimum fidelity of 0.64 +/- 0.02, T_{q}= 1.06 +/- 0.02 and V_{q} =0.96 +/- 0.10. We discuss the significance of both T_{q}>1 and V_{q}<1 and their relation to the teleportation no-cloning limit.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Dynamics of earthquake nucleation process represented by the Burridge-Knopoff model

Dynamics of earthquake nucleation process is studied on the basis of the one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff (BK) model obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction (RSF) law. We investigate the properties of the model at each stage of the nucleation process, including the quasi-static initial phase, the unstable acceleration phase and the high-speed rupture phase or a mainshock. Two kinds of nucleation lengths L_sc and L_c are identified and investigated. The nucleation length L_sc and the initial phase exist only for a weak frictional instability regime, while the nucleation length L_c and the acceleration phase exist for both weak and strong instability regimes. Both L_sc and L_c are found to be determined by the model parameters, the frictional weakening parameter and the elastic stiffness parameter, hardly dependent on the size of an ensuing mainshock. The sliding velocity is extremely slow in the initial phase up to L_sc, of order the pulling speed of the plate, while it reaches a detectable level at a certain stage of the acceleration phase. The continuum limits of the results are discussed. The continuum limit of the BK model lies in the weak frictional instability regime so that a mature homogeneous fault under the RSF law always accompanies the quasi-static nucleation process. Duration times of each stage of the nucleation process are examined. The relation to the elastic continuum model and implications to real seismicity are discussed.Comment: Title changed. Changes mainly in abstract and in section 1. To appear in European Physical Journal

Quantum walks: a comprehensive review

Quantum walks, the quantum mechanical counterpart of classical random walks, is an advanced tool for building quantum algorithms that has been recently shown to constitute a universal model of quantum computation. Quantum walks is now a solid field of research of quantum computation full of exciting open problems for physicists, computer scientists, mathematicians and engineers. In this paper we review theoretical advances on the foundations of both discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks, together with the role that randomness plays in quantum walks, the connections between the mathematical models of coined discrete quantum walks and continuous quantum walks, the quantumness of quantum walks, a summary of papers published on discrete quantum walks and entanglement as well as a succinct review of experimental proposals and realizations of discrete-time quantum walks. Furthermore, we have reviewed several algorithms based on both discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks as well as a most important result: the computational universality of both continuous- and discrete- time quantum walks.Comment: Paper accepted for publication in Quantum Information Processing Journa

Micellization behavior of tertiary amine-methacrylate-based block copolymers characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering and dynamic light scattering

We have studied the micellization behavior of tertiary amine methacrylate-based diblock copolymers, comprising the hydrophobic poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEA) and hydrophilic/polyelectrolyte poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMA) blocks. Revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamics light scattering, micelle size of the PDMAm-b-PDEAn diblock copolymer in aqueous solution depends sensitively on the comonomer ratio n/m, molecular weight Mw, solution temperature, and solution pH values. Aggregation number is found to follow an empirical relation of N (n/m)1.6, disregarding the molecular mass. With n/m = 0.5, Mw ≈ 12,000, and pH = 7.6, the diblock copolymer forms spherical core-shell micelles at 23 °C, with a PDEA-core radius of 52, a PDMA-shell thickness of 27, and an aggregation number of 127. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Micellization behavior of tertiary amine-methacrylate-based block copolymers characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering and dynamic light scattering

We have studied the micellization behavior of tertiary amine methacrylate-based diblock copolymers, comprising the hydrophobic poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEA) and hydrophilic/polyelectrolyte poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMA) blocks. Revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamics light scattering, micelle size of the PDMAm-b-PDEAn diblock copolymer in aqueous solution depends sensitively on the comonomer ratio n/m, molecular weight Mw, solution temperature, and solution pH values. Aggregation number is found to follow an empirical relation of N (n/m)1.6, disregarding the molecular mass. With n/m = 0.5, Mw ? 12,000, and pH = 7.6, the diblock copolymer forms spherical core-shell micelles at 23 °C, with a PDEA-core radius of 52, a PDMA-shell thickness of 27, and an aggregation number of 127. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved