Transparent Layered Materials Based on Variable Color Polyolefins

AbstractColor bright visual effects in polyolefin layered film materials for the production of consumer goods packaging are described. A multi-color light reflection by a package of films varies in case of a light angle change, depends on a thickness and number of layers. The relation between anisotropy, crystallinity and nanostructure of polyethylene and polypropylene films and their color in polarized light is identified. The fact of recrystallization of a part of fibrils in heat treatment in the course of films duplicating which reduces the effect of pleochroism is established by differential scanning calorimetry and electron microscopy techniques. The films duplicating processes with a simultaneous marking protecting the packed production against counterfeit are suggested

Fiber-optic control and thermometry of single-cell thermosensation logic

Thermal activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels is one of the most striking examples of temperature-controlled processes in cell biology. As the evidence indicating the fundamental role of such processes in thermosensation builds at a fast pace, adequately accurate tools that would allow heat receptor logic behind thermosensation to be examined on a single-cell level are in great demand. Here, we demonstrate a specifically designed fiber-optic probe that enables thermal activation with simultaneous online thermometry of individual cells expressing genetically encoded TRP channels. This probe integrates a fiber-optic tract for the delivery of laser light with a two-wire microwave transmission line. A diamond microcrystal fixed on the fiber tip is heated by laser radiation transmitted through the fiber, providing a local heating of a cell culture, enabling a well-controlled TRP-assisted thermal activation of cells. Online local temperature measurements are performed by using the temperature-dependent frequency shift of optically detected magnetic resonance, induced by coupling the microwave field, delivered by the microwave transmission line, to nitrogen—vacancy centers in the diamond microcrystal. Activation of TRP channels is verified by using genetically encoded fluorescence indicators, visualizing an increase in the calcium flow through activated TRP channels

Отдельные аспекты предмета доказывания по делам о защите деловой репутации в арбитражном процессе

The article examines some aspects of evidence in cases of protection of business reputation in arbitration courts. The legislative and practical approaches on this issue are analyzed. Examples include court decisions. A few words refer to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and Courts in Germany. A general approach is described with respect to the possible discredit of a competitor when using comparative advertising. The issue of the correlation between defamatory information and subjective value judgments is touched upon. The novelty of the research is the formulation of the problem, the approaches to its investigation. New data on the prevention of the discrediting of others during the design of comparative advertising are introduced into the Russian-language market. The author comes to the conclusion that the process of protecting business reputation is a complex process, requiring the existence of a body of evidence.В статье рассмотрены некоторые аспекты доказывания по делам о защите деловой репутации в арбитражных судах. Проанализированы законодательный и практический подходы по данному вопросу. В качестве иллюстрации приводятся примеры из судебных решений. Несколько слов говорится о практике Европейского суда по правам человека и судов ФРГ. Описан подход применительно к возможной дискредитации конкурента при использовании сравнительной рекламы. Затрагивается вопрос соотношения порочащих сведений и субъективных оценочных суждений. Новизна исследования заключается в постановке проблемы, подходах к ее исследованию. В русскоязычный оборот вводятся новые данные о недопущении дискредитации других лиц при оформлении сравнительной рекламы. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что защита деловой репутации - сложный процесс, требующий наличия совокупности доказательств

Отдельные аспекты предмета доказывания по делам о защите деловой репутации в арбитражном процессе

The article examines some aspects of evidence in cases of protection of business reputation in arbitration courts. The legislative and practical approaches on this issue are analyzed. Examples include court decisions. A few words refer to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and Courts in Germany. A general approach is described with respect to the possible discredit of a competitor when using comparative advertising. The issue of the correlation between defamatory information and subjective value judgments is touched upon. The novelty of the research is the formulation of the problem, the approaches to its investigation. New data on the prevention of the discrediting of others during the design of comparative advertising are introduced into the Russian-language market. The author comes to the conclusion that the process of protecting business reputation is a complex process, requiring the existence of a body of evidence.В статье рассмотрены некоторые аспекты доказывания по делам о защите деловой репутации в арбитражных судах. Проанализированы законодательный и практический подходы по данному вопросу. В качестве иллюстрации приводятся примеры из судебных решений. Несколько слов говорится о практике Европейского суда по правам человека и судов ФРГ. Описан подход применительно к возможной дискредитации конкурента при использовании сравнительной рекламы. Затрагивается вопрос соотношения порочащих сведений и субъективных оценочных суждений. Новизна исследования заключается в постановке проблемы, подходах к ее исследованию. В русскоязычный оборот вводятся новые данные о недопущении дискредитации других лиц при оформлении сравнительной рекламы. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что защита деловой репутации - сложный процесс, требующий наличия совокупности доказательств

Использование блокчейн-технологий в области интеллектуальной собственности (на примере сервиса n'RIS)

The article is devoted to the functioning of blockchain technology in the field of intellectual property using the example of the n'RIS service. The author has analyzed the concept of blockchain technology, and also investigated a number of problems that can be solved using this technology. At the end of the article, the author's conclusions and suggestions for improving the current legislation are indicated.Статья посвящена вопросам функционирования технологии блокчейн в области интеллектуальной собственности на примере сервиса n'RIS. Автором проанализированы понятие технологии блокчейн, а также исследован ряд проблем, которые могут быть решены при помощи указанной технологии. В конце статьи указаны выводы и предложения автора по совершенствованию действующего законодательства

Septoplasty and tonsillectomy: acute stress response as a measure of effectiveness of local anesthetics

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of lidocaine and articaineused as local anesthetics in septoplasty and tonsillectomy based on the physiological stress response.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 125 patients with nasal septum deviation (NSD) and chronic tonsillitis (CT). The patients presenting with NSD were divided into two groups. Those comprising group 1A (n=32) were treated with a 2% lidocaine solution for local infiltration analgesia (LIA), the patients of group 1B (n=30) were given 2%articaine as LIA. Group 2A contained 32 patients with CT treated with lidocaine, group 2B consisted of 31 patients given articaine. In all the patients, the overall heart rate variability (HRV) including its high, low, and very low components was measured.RESULTS: Evaluation of HRV revealed a certain degree of disadaptation in the patients of groups 1B and 2A. High dispersion of SDANN, SDNN index, andrMSSD in group 1Bas well as SDANN values in group 2A indicates the sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance. The high-frequency component was augmented in group 2B which suggested the prevalence of parasympathetic tone, but its high dispersion was just aswell indicative of disadaptation.CONCLUSION: Local analgesia with articaine during septoplasty leads tosympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance during the early postoperative period. Lidocaine analgesia for tonsillectomy does not prevent disadaptation induced by surgical stress.Abstract available from the publisher

Uncertainty of the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of comparative advertising: The essence of the problem and possible solutions

The article analyzes the norms on the prohibition of incorrect comparison in advertising, listed in Clause 1, Part 2 of Article 5 (Federal Law of Russian Federation ‘On Advertising’, hereinafter – the Law on Advertising) and Article 14.3 of Federal Law of the Russian Federation ‘On Protection of Competition’ (Federal Law of the Russian Federation ‘On Protection of Competition’, hereinafter – the Law on Protection of Competition), from the point of view of their application by the courts and FAS Russia when considering the relevant case category. The authors consider the rule on prohibition of incorrect comparison as a central rule regulating legal relations in the sphere of advertising, which contains a comparison of the advertised goods with competitors’ goods (comparative advertising). The problem is that none of the laws indicate which comparison is correct and which is incorrect. Such uncertainty exists in Russian legislation since 1991, after the adoption of the Federal Law of the RSFSR ‘On Competition and Restriction of Monopolistic Activity in Commodity Markets’ (Federal Law of the RSFSR ‘On Competition and Restriction of Monopolistic Activity in Commodity Markets’). This leads to the fact that entrepreneurs rarely use this advertisement, courts and FAS Russia, when considering the appropriate category of cases, are forced to subjectively assess the situation and draw a conclusion about the correctness or incorrectness of the comparison made in advertising. After analyzing the jurisprudence and practice of the FAS Russia, the authors managed to establish a number of criteria on which this or that comparison in advertising should be recognized as incorrect. © 2017, by ASERS® Publishing. All rights reserved

Uncertainty of the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of comparative advertising: The essence of the problem and possible solutions

The article analyzes the norms on the prohibition of incorrect comparison in advertising, listed in Clause 1, Part 2 of Article 5 (Federal Law of Russian Federation ‘On Advertising’, hereinafter – the Law on Advertising) and Article 14.3 of Federal Law of the Russian Federation ‘On Protection of Competition’ (Federal Law of the Russian Federation ‘On Protection of Competition’, hereinafter – the Law on Protection of Competition), from the point of view of their application by the courts and FAS Russia when considering the relevant case category. The authors consider the rule on prohibition of incorrect comparison as a central rule regulating legal relations in the sphere of advertising, which contains a comparison of the advertised goods with competitors’ goods (comparative advertising). The problem is that none of the laws indicate which comparison is correct and which is incorrect. Such uncertainty exists in Russian legislation since 1991, after the adoption of the Federal Law of the RSFSR ‘On Competition and Restriction of Monopolistic Activity in Commodity Markets’ (Federal Law of the RSFSR ‘On Competition and Restriction of Monopolistic Activity in Commodity Markets’). This leads to the fact that entrepreneurs rarely use this advertisement, courts and FAS Russia, when considering the appropriate category of cases, are forced to subjectively assess the situation and draw a conclusion about the correctness or incorrectness of the comparison made in advertising. After analyzing the jurisprudence and practice of the FAS Russia, the authors managed to establish a number of criteria on which this or that comparison in advertising should be recognized as incorrect. © 2017, by ASERS® Publishing. All rights reserved

Septoplasty and tonsillectomy: acute stress response as a measure of effectiveness of local anesthetics

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of lidocaine and articaineused as local anesthetics in septoplasty and tonsillectomy based on the physiological stress response.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 125 patients with nasal septum deviation (NSD) and chronic tonsillitis (CT). The patients presenting with NSD were divided into two groups. Those comprising group 1A (n=32) were treated with a 2% lidocaine solution for local infiltration analgesia (LIA), the patients of group 1B (n=30) were given 2%articaine as LIA. Group 2A contained 32 patients with CT treated with lidocaine, group 2B consisted of 31 patients given articaine. In all the patients, the overall heart rate variability (HRV) including its high, low, and very low components was measured.RESULTS: Evaluation of HRV revealed a certain degree of disadaptation in the patients of groups 1B and 2A. High dispersion of SDANN, SDNN index, andrMSSD in group 1Bas well as SDANN values in group 2A indicates the sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance. The high-frequency component was augmented in group 2B which suggested the prevalence of parasympathetic tone, but its high dispersion was just aswell indicative of disadaptation.CONCLUSION: Local analgesia with articaine during septoplasty leads tosympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance during the early postoperative period. Lidocaine analgesia for tonsillectomy does not prevent disadaptation induced by surgical stress.Abstract available from the publisher