28 research outputs found
Superconducting Transition Temperature in Heterogeneous Ferromagnet-Superconductor Systems
We study the shift of the the superconducting transition temperature in
ferromagnetic-superconducting bi-layers and in a superconducting film supplied
a square array of ferromagnetic dots. We find that the transition temperature
in these two cases change presumably in opposite direction and that its change
is not too small. We extend these results to multilayer structures. We predict
that rather small external magnetic field Oe can change the
transition temperature of the bilayer by 10% .Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
Continuous Melting of a "Partially Pinned" Two-Dimensional Vortex Lattice in a Square Array of Pinning Centers
The structure and equilibrium properties of a two-dimensional system of
superconducting vortices in a periodic pinning potential with square symmetry
are studied numerically. For a range of the strength of the pinning potential,
the low-temperature crystalline state exhibits only one of the two basic
periodicities (in the - and -directions) of the pinning potential. This
``partially pinned'' solid undergoes a continuous melting transition to a
weakly modulated liquid as the temperature is increased. A spin model,
constructed using symmetry arguments, is shown to reproduce the critical
behavior at this transition.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Superconducting Vortices and Elliptical Ferromagnetic Textures
In this article an analytical and numerical study of superconducting thin
film with ferromagnetic textures of elliptical geometries in close proximity is
presented. The screening currents induced in the superconductor due to the
magnetic texture are calculated. Close to the superconducting transition
temperature the spontaneous creation of superconducting vortices becomes
energy favorable depending on the value of the magnetization and the
geometrical quantities of the magnetic texture. The creation of vortices by
elliptic dots is more energy favorable than those created by circular ones. The
superconductor covered by elliptic dots array exhibits anisotropic transport
properties.Comment: 4 pages, 5figure
Localized Flux Lines and the Bose Glass
Columnar defects provide effective pinning centers for magnetic flux lines in
high-- superconductors. Utilizing a mapping of the statistical
mechanics of directed lines to the quantum mechanics of two--dimensional
bosons, one expects an entangled flux liquid phase at high temperatures,
separated by a second--order localization transition from a low--temperature
``Bose glass'' phase with infinite tilt modulus. Recent decoration experiments
have demonstrated that below the matching field the repulsive forces between
the vortices may be sufficiently large to produce strong spatial correlations
in the Bose glass. This is confirmed by numerical simulations, and a remarkably
wide soft ``Coulomb gap'' at the chemical potential is found in the
distribution of pinning energies. At low currents, the dominant transport
mechanism in the Bose glass phase proceeds via the formation of double kinks
between not necessarily adjacent columnar pins, similar to variable--range
hopping in disordered semiconductors. The strong correlation effects
originating in the long--range vortex interactions drastically reduce
variable--range hopping transport.Comment: 10 pages, latex ("lamuphys.sty" file included), 6 figures can be
obtained from the author ([email protected]); to appear in Proc. XIV
Sitges conference on "Complex Behaviour of Glassy Systems" (Springer--Verlag
Critical Behavior of the Supersolid transition in Bose-Hubbard Models
We study the phase transitions of interacting bosons at zero temperature
between superfluid (SF) and supersolid (SS) states. The latter are
characterized by simultaneous off-diagonal long-range order and broken
translational symmetry. The critical phenomena is described by a
long-wavelength effective action, derived on symmetry grounds and verified by
explicit calculation. We consider two types of supersolid ordering:
checkerboard (X) and collinear (C), which are the simplest cases arising in two
dimensions on a square lattice. We find that the SF--CSS transition is in the
three-dimensional XY universality class. The SF--XSS transition exhibits
non-trivial new critical behavior, and appears, within a
expansion to be driven generically first order by fluctuations. However, within
a one--loop calculation directly in a strong coupling fixed point with
striking ``non-Bose liquid'' behavior is found. At special isolated
multi-critical points of particle-hole symmetry, the system falls into the 3d
Ising universality class.Comment: RevTeX, 24 pages, 16 figures. Also available at
http://www.cip.physik.tu-muenchen.de/tumphy/d/T34/Mitarbeiter/frey.htm
Critical behavior of weakly-disordered anisotropic systems in two dimensions
The critical behavior of two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic systems with weak
quenched disorder described by the so-called generalized Ashkin-Teller model
(GATM) is studied. In the critical region this model is shown to be described
by a multifermion field theory similar to the Gross-Neveu model with a few
independent quartic coupling constants. Renormalization group calculations are
used to obtain the temperature dependence near the critical point of some
thermodynamic quantities and the large distance behavior of the two-spin
correlation function. The equation of state at criticality is also obtained in
this framework. We find that random models described by the GATM belong to the
same universality class as that of the two-dimensional Ising model. The
critical exponent of the correlation length for the 3- and 4-state
random-bond Potts models is also calculated in a 3-loop approximation. We show
that this exponent is given by an apparently convergent series in
(with the central charge of the Potts model) and
that the numerical values of are very close to that of the 2D Ising
model. This work therefore supports the conjecture (valid only approximately
for the 3- and 4-state Potts models) of a superuniversality for the 2D
disordered models with discrete symmetries.Comment: REVTeX, 24 pages, to appear in Phys.Rev.
Phase diagram of a superconductor / ferromagnet bilayer
The magnetic field (H) - temperature (T) phase diagram of a superconductor is
significantly altered when domains are present in an underlying ferromagnet
with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. When the domains have a band-like
shape, the critical temperature Tc of the superconductor in zero field is
strongly reduced, and the slope of the upper critical field as a function of T
is increased by a factor of 2.4 due to the inhomogeneous stray fields of the
domains. Field compensation effects can cause an asymmetric phase boundary with
respect to H when the ferromagnet contains bubble domains. For a very
inhomogeneous domain structure, Tc~H^2 for low H and Tc~H for higher fields,
indicating a dimensional crossover from a one-dimensional network-like to a
two-dimensional behavior in the nucleation of superconductivity.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Properties of the Bose glass phase in irradiated superconductors near the matching field
Structural and transport properties of interacting localized flux lines in
the Bose glass phase of irradiated superconductors are studied by means of
Monte Carlo simulations near the matching field B_Phi, where the densities of
vortices and columnar defects are equal. For a completely random columnar pin
distribution in the xy-plane transverse to the magnetic field, our results show
that the repulsive vortex interactions destroy the Mott insulator phase which
was predicted to occur at B = B_Phi. On the other hand, for ratios of the
penetration depth to average defect distance lambda/d <= 1, characteristic
remnants of the Mott insulator singularities remain visible in experimentally
accessible quantities as the magnetization, the bulk modulus, and the
magnetization relaxation, when B is varied near B_Phi. For spatially more
regular disorder, e.g., a nearly triangular defect distribution, we find that
the Mott insulator phase can survive up to considerably large interaction range
\lambda/d, and may thus be observable in experiments.Comment: RevTex, 17 pages, eps files for 12 figures include
Interactions, Distribution of Pinning Energies, and Transport in the Bose Glass Phase of Vortices in Superconductors
We study the ground state and low energy excitations of vortices pinned to
columnar defects in superconductors, taking into account the long--range
interaction between the fluxons. We consider the ``underfilled'' situation in
the Bose glass phase, where each flux line is attached to one of the defects,
while some pins remain unoccupied. By exploiting an analogy with disordered
semiconductors, we calculate the spatial configurations in the ground state, as
well as the distribution of pinning energies, using a zero--temperature Monte
Carlo algorithm minimizing the total energy with respect to all possible
one--vortex transfers. Intervortex repulsion leads to strong correlations
whenever the London penetration depth exceeds the fluxon spacing. A pronounced
peak appears in the static structure factor for low filling fractions . Interactions lead to a broad Coulomb gap in the distribution of
pinning energies near the chemical potential , separating
the occupied and empty pins. The vanishing of at leads to a
considerable reduction of variable--range hopping vortex transport by
correlated flux line pinning.Comment: 16 pages (twocolumn), revtex, 16 figures not appended, please contact
[email protected]