156,337 research outputs found
Onset of Electron Acceleration in a Flare Loop
We carried out detailed analysis of X-ray and radio observations of a simple
flare loop that occurred on 12th August 2002, with the impulsive hard X-ray
(HXR) light curves dominated by a single pulse. The emission spectra of the
early impulsive phase are consistent with an isothermal model in the coronal
loop with a temperature reaching several keVs. A power-law high-energy spectral
tail is evident near the HXR peak time, in accordance with the appearance of
footpoints at high energies, and is well correlated with the radio emission.
The energy content of the thermal component keeps increasing gradually after
the disappearance of this nonthermal component. These results suggest that
electron acceleration only covers a central period of a longer and more gradual
energy dissipation process and that the electron transport within the loop
plays a crucial role in the formation of the inferred power-law electron
distribution. The spectral index of power-law photons shows a very gradual
evolution indicating a quasi-steady state of the electron accelerator, which is
confirmed by radio observations. These results are consistent with the theory
of stochastic electron acceleration from a thermal background. Advanced
modeling with coupled electron acceleration and spatial transport processes is
needed to explain these observations more quantitatively, which may reveal the
dependence of the electron acceleration on the spatial structure of the
acceleration region
On the geometry of double field theory
Double field theory was developed by theoretical physicists as a way to
encompass -duality. In this paper, we express the basic notions of the
theory in differential-geometric invariant terms, in the framework of
para-Kaehler manifolds. We define metric algebroids, which are vector bundles
with a bracket of cross sections that has the same metric compatibility
property as a Courant bracket. We show that a double field gives rise to two
canonical connections, whose scalar curvatures can be integrated to obtain
actions. Finally, in analogy with Dirac structures, we define and study
para-Dirac structures on double manifolds.Comment: The paper will appear in J. Math. Phys., 201
Multiple and virtual photon processes in radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in two-dimensional electron systems
Recently discovered new structures and zero-resistance states outside the
well-known oscillations are demonstrated to arise from multiphoton assisted
processes, by a detailed analysis of microwave photoresistance in
two-dimensional electron systems under enhanced radiation. The concomitant
resistance dropping and peak narrowing observed in the experiments are also
reproduced. We show that the radiation-induced suppression of average
resistance comes from virtual photon effect and exists throughout the whole
magnetic field range.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, published versio
The Spatial-Kinematic Structure of the Region of Massive Star Formation S255N on Various Scales
The results of a detailed analysis of SMA, VLA, and IRAM observations of the
region of massive star formation S255N in CO(2---1), \nh, \nhh, \co and some
other lines is presented. Combining interferometer and single-dish data has
enabled a more detailed investigation of the gas kinematics in the moleclar
core on various spatial scales. There are no signs of rotation or isotropic
compression on the scale of the region as whole. The largest fragments of gas
(0.3 pc) are located near the boundary of the regions of ionized
hydrogen S255 and S257. Some smaller-scale fragments are associated with
protostellar clumps. The kinetic temperatures of these fragments lie in the
range 10---80 K. A circumstellar torus with inner radius R
8000 AU and outer radius R 12 000 AU has been detected around the clump
SMA1. The rotation profile indicates the existence of a central object with
mass 8.5/ sin 2 (i) M . SMA1 is resolved into two clumps,
SMA1---NE and SMA1---SE, whose temperatures are 150 K and 25
K, respectively. To all appearances, the torus is involved in the accretion of
surrounding gas onto the two protostellar clumps
Magnetoresistance oscillations in two-dimensional electron systems under monochromatic and bichromatic radiations
The magnetoresistance oscillations in high-mobility two-dimensional electron
systems induced by two radiation fields of frequencies 31 GHz and 47 GHz, are
analyzed in a wide magnetic-field range down to 100 G, using the
balance-equation approach to magnetotransport for high-carrier-density systems.
The frequency mixing processes are shown to be important. The predicted peak
positions, relative heights, radiation-intensity dependence and their relation
with monochromatic resistivities are in good agreement with recent experimental
finding [M. A. Zudov {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 236804 (2006)].Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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