7,595 research outputs found
Analogue model for quantum gravity phenomenology
So called "analogue models" use condensed matter systems (typically
hydrodynamic) to set up an "effective metric" and to model curved-space quantum
field theory in a physical system where all the microscopic degrees of freedom
are well understood. Known analogue models typically lead to massless minimally
coupled scalar fields. We present an extended "analogue space-time" programme
by investigating a condensed-matter system - in and beyond the hydrodynamic
limit - that is in principle capable of simulating the massive Klein-Gordon
equation in curved spacetime. Since many elementary particles have mass, this
is an essential step in building realistic analogue models, and an essential
first step towards simulating quantum gravity phenomenology. Specifically, we
consider the class of two-component BECs subject to laser-induced transitions
between the components, and we show that this model is an example for Lorentz
invariance violation due to ultraviolet physics. Furthermore our model suggests
constraints on quantum gravity phenomenology in terms of the "naturalness
problem" and "universality issue".Comment: Talk given at 7th Workshop on Quantum Field Theory Under the
Influence of External Conditions (QFEXT 05), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 5-9
Sep 200
Evaporation induced traversability of the Einstein--Rosen wormhole
Suppose, the Universe comes into existence (as classical spacetime) already
with an empty spherically symmetric macroscopic wormhole present in it.
Classically the wormhole would evolve into a part of the Schwarzschild space
and thus would not allow any signal to traverse it. I consider semiclassical
corrections to that picture and build a model of an evaporating wormhole. The
model is based on the assumption that the vacuum polarization and its
backreaction on the geometry of the wormhole are weak. The lack of information
about the era preceding the emergence of the wormhole results in appearance of
three parameters which -- along with the initial mass -- determine the
evolution of the wormhole. For some values of these parameters the wormhole
turns out to be long-lived enough to be traversed and to transform into a time
machine.Comment: v.2 A bit of discussion has been added and a few references v.3
Insignificant changes to match the published versio
van Vleck determinants: traversable wormhole spacetimes
Calculating the van Vleck determinant in traversable wormhole spacetimes is
an important ingredient in understanding the physical basis behind Hawking's
chronology protection conjecture. This paper presents extensive computations of
this object --- at least in the short--throat flat--space approximation. An
important technical trick is to use an extension of the usual junction
condition formalism to probe the full Riemann tensor associated with a thin
shell of matter. Implications with regard to Hawking's chronology protection
conjecture are discussed. Indeed, any attempt to transform a single isolated
wormhole into a time machine results in large vacuum polarization effects
sufficient to disrupt the internal structure of the wormhole before the onset
of Planck scale physics, and before the onset of time travel. On the other
hand, it is possible to set up a putative time machine built out of two or more
wormholes, each of which taken in isolation is not itself a time machine. Such
``Roman configurations'' are much more subtle to analyse. For some particularly
bizarre configurations (not traversable by humans) the vacuum polarization
effects can be arranged to be arbitrarily small at the onset of Planck scale
physics. This indicates that the disruption scale has been pushed down into the
Planck slop. Ultimately, for these configurations, questions regarding the
truth or falsity of Hawking's chronology protection can only be addressed by
entering the uncharted wastelands of full fledged quantum gravity.Comment: 42 pages, ReV_TeX 3.
Area products for stationary black hole horizons
Area products for multi-horizon stationary black holes often have intriguing
properties, and are often (though not always) independent of the mass of the
black hole itself (depending only on various charges, angular momenta, and
moduli). Such products are often formulated in terms of the areas of inner
(Cauchy) horizons and outer (event) horizons, and sometimes include the effects
of unphysical "virtual" horizons. But the conjectured mass-independence
sometimes fails. Specifically, for the Schwarzschild-de Sitter [Kottler] black
hole in (3+1) dimensions it is shown by explicit exact calculation that the
product of event horizon area and cosmological horizon area is not mass
independent. (Including the effect of the third "virtual" horizon does not
improve the situation.) Similarly, in the Reissner-Nordstrom-anti-de Sitter
black hole in (3+1) dimensions the product of inner (Cauchy) horizon area and
event horizon area is calculated (perturbatively), and is shown to be not mass
independent. That is, the mass-independence of the product of physical horizon
areas is not generic. In spherical symmetry, whenever the quasi-local mass m(r)
is a Laurent polynomial in aerial radius, r=sqrt{A/4\pi}, there are
significantly more complicated mass-independent quantities, the elementary
symmetric polynomials built up from the complete set of horizon radii (physical
and virtual). Sometimes it is possible to eliminate the unphysical virtual
horizons, constructing combinations of physical horizon areas that are mass
independent, but they tend to be considerably more complicated than the simple
products and related constructions currently being mooted in the literature.Comment: V1: 16 pages; V2: 9 pages (now formatted in PRD style). Minor change
in title. Extra introduction, background, discussion. Several additional
references; other references updated. Minor typos fixed. This version
accepted for publication in PRD; V3: Minor typos fixed. Published versio
The sonic analogue of black hole radiation
A microscopic description of Hawking radiation in sonic black holes has been
recently presented (Giovanazzi S 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 061302). This exactly
solvable model is formulated in terms of one-dimensional scattering of a Fermi
gas. In this paper, the model is extended to account possible finite size
effects of a realistic geometry. The flow of particles is maintained by a
piston (i.e. an impenetrable barrier) moving slowly towards the sonic horizon.
Using existing technologies the Hawking temperature can be of order of a few
microkelvin in a realistic experiment.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics B: Atomic,
Molecular & Optical Physic
Brane Universe and Multigravity: Modification of gravity at large and small distances
We consider a modification of gravity at large distances in a Brane Universe
which was discussed recently. In these models the modification of gravity at
large distances is ultimately connected to existence of negative tension
brane(s) and exponentially small tunneling factor. We discuss a general model
which interpolates between Bi-gravity model and GRS model. We also discuss the
possible mechanism of stabilization for negative tension branes in AdS
background. Finally we show that extra degrees of freedom of massive gravitons
do not lead to disastrous contradiction with General Relativity if the
stabilization condition is
implemented.Comment: 12 pages, 4 eps figures, LaTe
- …