Assessment of specific toxicity of the complex remedy "Pancreophyt"

The experiments were carried out on white Wistar rats. The probable embryotoxic, teratogenic and fetotoxical influences of the plant remedy "Pancreophyt" at the doses of300 (1/10 DL50) and 600 mg/kg (1/5 DL50) were studied. The findings have shown that all indices of embryo lethality (the number of implantation sites, the number of alive fetus and the number of resorptions) in female white rats treated with the "Pancreophyt" do not differ significantly from the indices of the control group. The mass and craniocaudal dimensions of the fetus in the experimental group corresponded to the indices in the control group. In the second set of experiments the influence of the "Pancreophyt" (300 mg/kg) on the postnatal development of white rat offspring was studied. It was revealed that the death of infant rats was noted only on the 1st day of observation and was 4,7%; the liveweight gain and linear size of infant rats do not differ from the indices of those in the control group

Nootropic and anticonvulsant properties of the dry extract from Serratula Centauroides roots

The studies were carried out on white Wistar rats. The dry extract from Serratula centauroides L. was introduced to the animals at the doses of 50,100, and 150 mg/kg for 7 days prior to the testing. The nootropic effect of S. centauroides was estimated by using the test "conditioned passive avoidance reflex". In the groups of animals treated with the S. centauroides extract the number of animals with retained reflex was more than in the control group and the latent period of input into the dark bay of the device was longer than in the animals of the control group. The anticonvulsive activity of the S. centauroides extract was tested on the model of thiosemicarbazide-induced convulsions (30 mg/kg). It has been shown that the S. centauroides extract at the doses of 50-150 mg/kg prolongs the latent period of convulsion onset by 33% and increases the lifespan of the animals by 31-47% on the background of thiosemicarbazide-induced convulsions

Аctivity of stomach secretory glands and the nitrergic mechanisms of their regulatiоn under the condition of the adrenalin ulcer simulation

Досліджено участь нітрергічної ланки у регуляції секреторної активності шлунка щурів у інтактному стані та за умов моделювання виразкових ушкоджень гастродуоденальної зони. Встановлено, що в інтактному стані NO здійснює гальмівний вплив на кислу шлункову секрецію. На ранніх етапах розвитку ерозивно-виразкових ушкоджень нітрергічні механізми регуляції виконують захисну адаптаційно-компенсаторну функцію слизової оболонки шлунка, а у віддаленіші строки ці механіз­ми втрачають таку властивість.Исследовано участие нитрергичнои звена в регуляции секреторной активности желудка крыс в интактном состоянии и в условиях моделирования язвенных повреждений гастродуоденальной зоны. Установлено, что в интактном состоянии NO осуществляет тормозящее влияние на кислую желудочную секрецию. На ранних этапах развития эрозивно-язвенных повреждений нитрергични механизмы регуляции выполняют защитную адаптационно-компенсаторную функцию слизистой оболочки желудка, а в отдаленные сроки эти механиз¬мы теряют такое свойство.Participating of nitrergic link in the regulation of secretory activity in the stomach was investigated in the intact rats under the condition of ulcerous damage in the gastro-duodenal area. It was found that in the intact rats NO decreases the acid gastric secretion. On the early stages of the ulcer development the nitrergic mechanisms of regulation execute the protective adaptation-compensative function of the mucous coat of stomach, but in remote terms these mechanisms lose such ability

Species identification of spider mites (Tetranychidae: Tetranychinae): a review of methods

Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) are dangerous pests of agricultural and ornamental crops, the most economically significant of them belonging to the genera Tetranychus, Eutetranychus, Oligonychus and Panonychus. The expansion of the distribution areas, the increased harmfulness and dangerous status of certain species in the family Tetranychidae and their invasion of new regions pose a serious threat to the phytosanitary status of agroand biocenoses. Various approaches to acarofauna species diagnosis determine a rather diverse range of currently existing methods generally described in this review. Identification of spider mites by morphological traits, which is currently considered the main method, is complicated due to the complexity of preparing biomaterials for diagnosis and a limited number of diagnostic signs. In this regard, biochemical and molecular genetic methods such as allozyme analysis, DNA barcoding, restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), selection of species-specific primers and real-time PCR are becoming important. In the review, close attention is paid to the successful use of these methods for species discrimination in the mites of the subfamily Tetranychinae. For some species, e. g., the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), a range of identification methods has been developed – from allozyme analysis to loop isothermal amplification (LAMP), while for many other species a much smaller variety of approaches is available. The greatest accuracy in the identification of spider mites can be achieved using a combination of several methods, e. g., examination of morphological features and one of the molecular approaches (DNA barcoding, PCR-RFLP, etc.). This review may be useful to specialists who are in search of an effective system for spider mite species identification as well as when developing new test systems relevant to specific plant crops or a specific region

Estimation of reproductive toxicity of the complex plant remedy "Tireoton"

To study the probable negative influence of the complex remedy "Tireoton" on the reproductive function of the laboratory animals the following tests have been carried out, namely the probable occurrence of embryo-toxicity, teratogenicity, foetotoxicity and its influence on the postnatal development of the laboratory animals progeny. The experiments have been carried out of the white Wistar rats. It has been established that the "Tireoton" at the doses of 75 and 750 mg/kg has no embryotoxic, teratogenic and fetotoxical effect. The introduction of the "Tireoton" at the dose of 750 mg/kg since 6th to 19th day of pregnancy does not influence on the postnatal development of white rats progeny

Specific features of memory consolidation and reconsolidation in older individuals with vision and hearing impairments

This study aimed to specify this issue by analyzing memory consolidation and reconsolidation processes in older people with sensory deficit

БИОРАЗЛАГАЕМЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ: ОТ ИМПЛАНТА К ОРГАНУ

Development of modern medical technologies would be impossible without the application of various materials with special properties. Over the last decade there has been a marked increase in interest in biodegradable materials for use in medicine and other areas of the national economy. In medicine, biodegradable polymers offer great potential for controlled drug delivery and wound management (e.g., adhesives, sutures and surgical meshes), for orthopedic devices (screws, pins and rods), nonwoven materials and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Among the family of biodegradable polyesters the most extensively investigated and the most widely used polymers are poly(α-hydroxyacid)s: polylactide (i.e. PLA), polyglycolide (i.e. PGA), poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), polydioxanone and their copolymers. Controlling the molecular and supramolecular structure of biodegradable polymers allows tuning the physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of the materials as well as their degradation kinetics. This enables selecting the optimal composition and structure of the material for the development of a broad range of biomedical products. Introduction of various functional fillers such as calcium phosphates allows creating bioactive composite materials with improved mechanical properties. To manufacture the highly dispersed biomedical materials for regenerative medicine electrospinning and freeze-drying are employed. Varying the technological parameters of the process enables to produce materials and devices with predetermined pore sizes and various mechanical properties. In order to increase the effectiveness of a great number of drugs the perspective approach is their inclusion into nanosized polymer micelles based on amphiphilic block copolymers of lactide and ethylene oxide. Different crystallization behavior of the lactide blocks and controlled regulation of their length allows producing micelles with various sizes and morphology. In this article we have attempted to provide an overview of works that are under way in the area of biodegradable polymers research and development in our group.Развитие современных медицинских технологий было бы невозможно без применения различных материалов со специальными свойствами. В последнее десятилетие наблюдается все возрастающий интерес к биоразлагаемым материалам для использования в медицине и других областях народного хозяйства. Синтетические биоразлагаемые полимеры широко используются в медицине для создания систем контролируемой доставки лекарственных препаратов, шовных хирургических материалов, для изготовления ортопедических изделий (винты, штифты, стержни), а также нетканых материалов и матриксов для тканевой инженерии. Наиболее востребованными полимерами для изготовления изделий биомедицинского назначения являются сложные полиэфиры α-гидроксикислот: полилактид, полигликолид, поли(ε-капролактон), полидиоксанон, а также их сополимеры. Регулирование молекулярной и надмолекулярной структуры биоразлагаемых полимеров позволяет управлять физико-химическими и физико-механическими характеристиками материалов, а также кинетикой их биодеградации. Это дает возможность подбирать оптимальный состав и структуру материала для разработки широкого ассортимента биомедицинских изделий. Введение различных функциональных наполнителей, таких как кальций-фосфаты, в структуру материала позволяет создавать биоактивные композиционные материалы с улучшенными физико-механическими характеристиками. Для получения высокодисперсных биомедицинских материалов для регенеративной медицины применяют такие методы как электроформование и лиофилизация. Варьирование технологических параметров процесса обеспечивает возможность изготовления материалов и изделий с заданным размером пор и различными механическими характеристиками. Повысить эффективность действия многих лекарственных средств можно путем включения их в наноразмерные полимерные мицеллы на основе амфифильных блочных сополимеров лактида и этиленоксида. Различная способность блоков лактида к кристаллизации и направленное изменение длины блоков позволяет получать мицеллы с различным размером и морфологией. В данной статье мы попытались сделать обзор основных работ, проводимых в нашем научном коллективе в области биоразлагаемых полимеров

A centuries-old experience of Buryat branch of the traditional medicine in Russia

The present work reviews the evolution of the traditional medicine in Buryatia; the contribution of Oriental medical schools and the Russian experience of herbal treatment were emphasized. This convergence process was developed in virtue of the geopolitical situation of the Republic. The evolution of the tradition and contribution of ethnic medical schools was schematically presented in the article. The aim of the work was to substantiate the originality of the Buryat traditional medicine. The data elucidating the pervasion of Eastern traditions due to the influence of Buddhism and the experience of the Russian settlers are given in the article. Peculiarity of the traditional medicine in this region involves the use of indigenous plants, original formularies and healing technologies. Approach to health and illness, principles of diagnostics and specific methods of treatment remain common to Eastern medical traditions. The article provides insight into the main findings of the study of this tradition. They include such aspects as the translation of written sources, development of new technologies and methods for the treatment and prevention of some diseases, new medicinal preparations and health-improving means recommended for practical use. Besides, there have been discussed the prospects for integration of rational methods and means from the array of the traditional medicine of Buryatia with modern medical and pharmaceutical technologies

First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon

We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (\cevns) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer \cevns over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than $3\sigma$ significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino flux, is (2.2 $\pm$ 0.7) $\times$10$^{-39}$ cm$^2$ -- consistent with the standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result, together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence of the \cevns process and provides improved constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures with 2 pages, 6 figures supplementary material V3: fixes to figs 3,4 V4: fix typo in table 1, V5: replaced missing appendix, V6: fix Eq 1, new fig 3, V7 final version, updated with final revision