РОЛЬ ЭНТЕРОВИРУСА ECHO 30 В ЭТИОЛОГИИ ЭНТЕРОВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ НА СЕВЕРО -ЗАПАДЕ РОССИИ В 2013 г

In 2013 after two previous years when the situation had been calm the incidence rates of enterovirus infection significantly increased on certain territories of the North-West of Russia. In Novgorod and Vologda regions and in Saint-Petersburg enterovirus meningitis group cases were registered. The etiology of enterovirus infection was studied by virological and molecular methods. Enterovirus ECHO30 was identified as the principal etiological agent of the cases. Molecular study revealed that enteroviruses ECHO30 isolated in the North-West of Russia belonged to the genotype H and formed two subtypes inside this genotype. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that enteroviruses ECHO30 of both subtypes were closely related to the strains detected in different provinces of China in 2010-2013. Probably enteroviruses ECHO30 of the genotype H which largely circulated in Russia in 2013 and practically had not been detected in the country earlier had been imported on the territory of Russia from South-East Asia. Enteroviruses ECHO30 isolated in  Arkhangelsk and Novgorod regions in 2008-2009 belonged to another genotype Ec2. Enteroviruses of this genotype had circulated at that time in the European countries.В 2013 г. после относительно спокойной ситуации в течение двух предыдущих лет заболеваемость энтеровирусной инфекцией на ряде территорий Северо-Западного федерального округа резко возросла. Были зарегистрированы групповые заболевания энтеровирусным менингитом в Новгородской, Вологодской областях и в Санкт-Петербурге. Проведена расшифровка этиологии заболеваний энтеровирусной инфекцией с использованием вирусологического и молекулярно- генетического методов исследования. В качестве основного этиологического агента был идентифицирован энтеровирус ЕСНО 30. Установлено, что изолированные на Северо-Западе России вирусы ЕСНО 30 относились к генотипу Н и сформировали две филогенетические группы. Филогенетический анализ показал, что энтеровирусы ЕСНО 30 обоих субтипов были наиболее близко родственны штаммам, выделенным в разных провинциях Китая в 2010–2013 гг. Вероятно, энтеровирусы ЕСНО 30 генотипа Н, которые широко циркулировали в России в 2013 г. и ранее практически не выявлялись в стране, были импортированы на территорию России из Юго-Восточной Азии. Энтеровирусы ЕСНО 30, изолированные в 2008–2009 гг. в Архангельской и Новгородской областях, относились к другому генотипу Ес2, энтеровирусы этого генотипа циркулировали в тот период в странах Европы

Updating the Graphic Education of Construction Students

Today’s major challenge facing the construction industry is a widespread implementation of building information modeling technologies (BIM-technologies). In order achieve this goalthe task of training personnel with new thinking should be solved. The paper discusses the requirements to specialists capable of promoting information modeling technologies in the construction industry. When preparing students majoring in “Construction” it is necessary to introduce innovative educational technologies aimed at developing students ‘ teamwork skills, IT competencies, as well asreadiness to carry out design based on spatial modeling. Graphic training is the first academic major for construction students. As a part of professional training, it is important to create a learning environment that is close to real working conditions. The authors adduce the examples of practice-oriented learning tasks based on the project method that students are suggested to perform in the course of self-dependent work. An innovative aspect in thedevelopment of individual tasks is the ability to carry out projects using 3D modelin

Role of Enterovirus ECHO 30 as the etiological agent of enterovirus infection in the North-West of Russia in 2013

In 2013 after two previous years when the situation had been calm the incidence rates of enterovirus infection significantly increased on certain territories of the North-West of Russia. In Novgorod and Vologda regions and in Saint-Petersburg enterovirus meningitis group cases were registered. The etiology of enterovirus infection was studied by virological and molecular methods. Enterovirus ECHO30 was identified as the principal etiological agent of the cases. Molecular study revealed that enteroviruses ECHO30 isolated in the North-West of Russia belonged to the genotype H and formed two subtypes inside this genotype. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that enteroviruses ECHO30 of both subtypes were closely related to the strains detected in different provinces of China in 2010-2013. Probably enteroviruses ECHO30 of the genotype H which largely circulated in Russia in 2013 and practically had not been detected in the country earlier had been imported on the territory of Russia from South-East Asia. Enteroviruses ECHO30 isolated in  Arkhangelsk and Novgorod regions in 2008-2009 belonged to another genotype Ec2. Enteroviruses of this genotype had circulated at that time in the European countries

Peculiarities of Etiology of Respiratory Virus Infections in Hospitalized Patients Depending on the Demographic, Socio-Economic Factors and Previous Vaccination

Etiology of respiratory virus infections among 1699 hospitalized patients (HP) was determined by PCR during the period of increased influenza activity in 2012 - 2013 season. The rate of accidence of influenza virus in dependence of gender, age, social and demographic factors and previous vaccination was analysed. Young children dominated in the age structure of HP, while the elderly were hospitalized very rarely. According to results obtained rate of influenza detection in HP was significantly higher among adults in comparison with children (63,5 and 30,7% of investigated patients, correspondingly). Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses were detected the most regularly (8.7 and 3.1%, correspondingly) in children, parainfluenza and adenoviruses were registered rarely (1.4 and 2.1%, correspondingly). Rate of detection of coronaviruses and bocavirus was low and varied in the range 0.3 - 0.6%. Indicated above ARI agents among hospitalized adults were detected rarely (0 - 1.5%) with exception of RSV which was detected among elderly (75 - 84 years) in 5.9% cases. No metapneumovirus cases were detected among HP in indicated period. Although males dominated (58%) among HP influenza cases, regardless of the type/subtype, were registered more frequently among girls in comparison with the boys of the same age groups. Influenza cases were registered more frequenly as well among smoking than in not smoking patients. Young children dominated in the age structure of HP, while the elderly were hospitalized very rarely