CURRENT CAPABILITIES AND PROSPECTS OF CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOR MEDULLARY THYROID CANCER (A LITERATURE REVIEW)

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is characterized by the most aggressive course among differentiated thyroid carcinomas and is accompanied by early and extensive metastasis. Up to 60 % of patients with MTC already have disseminated forms of the disease (stage III– IV) by the moment of diagnosis. Overall five-year and ten-year survival of patients with MTC is 85–89 and 73–75 %, respectively, whereas five-year survival rate in patients with stage III–IV MTC is significantly lower and does not exceed 5–10 %. Therefore, treatment of disseminated forms of MTC is an extremely important problem in clinical oncology. The article gives an overview of Russian and foreign publications on the effectiveness of radiation and drug therapy for generalized MTC. Particular attention is paid to modern promising treatment strategies used for this category of patients, such as radionuclide therapy of bone metastases and targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Neoadjuvant target therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (clinical observation)

In the article a case of non-resectable differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is described. A recurrent thyroid tumor deforms the oropharyngeal lumen and laryngeal vestibule and bears down on the left esophageal wall and trachea. The authors present literature data on Nexavar target therapy and focus on the fact that no cases of combination treatment with target therapy and surgery of non-resectable progressive DTC were described until now. In view of this, this clinical report is unique and dictates a need to determine new Nexavar (Sorafenib) indications for use in a neoadjuvant regimen

Efficacy of external beam radiotherapy and targeted therapy with vandenanib in patients with inoperable and progressive medullary thyroid cancer

The study objective is to evaluate modern-era radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy, EBRT) and target therapy (TT) outcomes for advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).Materials and methods. Seventy eight consecutive patients with stage IV MTC were evaluated. All of them with relapsing locally advanced or metastatic MTC, 16 had clinically relevant mediastinal involvement, and 59 had distant metastasis; 26 patients received conformal EBRT or intensity-modulated radiotherapy in monomode, 16 patients – conformal EBRT with simultaneous TT with vandenanib, 36 patients – TT in monomode. Median EBRT dose was 60 Gy.Results. Kaplan–Meier estimates of the median overall survival rate was 14 months for radiotherapy in monomode, 48 months – for conformal EBRT + simultaneous TT with vandenanib, 50 months – for TT in monomode. EBRT and TT allows for significantly shorter periods (median 3.8 weeks), to relieve the symptoms of compression-mediated organs and structures of the neck and mediastinum than in the TT (median 10.2 weeks) (p <0.001).Conclusion. EBRT and TT provided durable locoregional disease control with limited morbidity

Automatic Text Processing and Linguistic Modeling as Instruments for Solving Problems of Text Attribution

This paper focuses on the approbation of an integrative method of attribution text analysis in Russian, based on a combination of the results of an interpretive study of the material and objectification of these results through mathematical statistics.В статье рассматривается апробация интегративной методики атрибуционного анализа текста на русском языке