Quality of life of the population as an indicator of sustainable development of rural territories

The purpose of this study is theoretical justification of socio-economic foundations of sustainable livelihoods in rural areas and development of practical recommendations for evaluating and improving quality of life in rural areas. The subject of this study is a system of socio-economic relations that defines processes and patterns of sustainable livelihoods in rural areas. Methodological basis is a systematic approach and method of dialectical cognition, which examine processes of development of rural territories in relationship and complementarity. The results described in this paper are: the degree of differentiation of rural population under qualitative levels of well-being was studied; the authors’ system of indicators of regional socio-economic development on a basis of detailed hierarchical structure was presented; priority areas for improving standards and quality of life of the rural population were identified. A scope of results was developed and science-based recommendations and suggestions for sustainable development of rural territories based on authors’ methodology for evaluating quality life in rural areas may be subject to legislative and executive authorities in development socio-economic projects and programmes aimed at enhancing rural employment and income were made. The conclusions are: sustainable development of rural territories involves not only increase of efficiency of rural economy, but, above all, increasing and improving the quality of life of the rural population; on a system of complementarities, the evaluation of sustainability of livelihood strategies should take into account the economic, environmental, social and institutional factors

Formation of mechanisms for creating innovative national polygons

Currently, the issues of environmental protection and conservation are becoming very acute. As a solution to these problems, we can offer the use of alternative energy sources. They represent promising ways to obtain, transfer and use energy from renewable sources, reducing the risk of harm to the environmen

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE MODERNIZATION AS A PRIORITY REGARDING RURAL LIFE STANDARD IMPROVEMENT

At the present stage of socio-economic changes rural area economic activity conditions have changed in Russia, which has significantly worsened social facilities and engineering infrastructure effective functioning problem. The rural social infrastructure status has been recently deteriorating due to the lack of effective State support instruments and investments. In this paper, Russian rural social sphere development trends are considered, guidelines referred to the government control of rural area social sphere development are analyzed, methodology related to social facilities and engineering infrastructure efficient functioning is suggested as a determining factor for the agriculture labor market efficient development. A conceptual model of rural area social infrastructure strategic development and a mechanism of management control organization and rural area social infrastructure development based on a comprehensive analysis are suggested

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ МИКРОВЕЗИКУЛ ММСК НА ПРОЛИФЕРАЦИЮ ДЕРМАЛЬНЫХ ФИБРОБЛАСТОВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА ПРИ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОМ СТРЕССЕ

Studies on the effect of microvesicles obtained from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSC) on various cellular processes are great importance. In the course of the studies, the effect of microvesicles isolated from the conditioned serum-free medium of MMSC on the proliferation of immortalized dermal fibroblasts under oxidative stress was examined.Исследования по влиянию микровезикул, полученных от мультипотентных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (ММСК), на различные клеточные процессы имеют большое значение. В ходе исследований было рассмотрено влияние микровезикул, выделенных из кондиционной бессывороточной среды ММСК, на пролиферацию иммортализованных дермальных фибробластов при окислительном стрессе

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF BACTERIAL BIOFILMS IN CONDITIONS OF SPACE FLIGHT

Aim. Study the effect of microgravitation on the formation of Lactobacillus plantarum 8PA-3 bacterial biofilms in the conditions of space flight. Materials and methods. Information on the effect of microgravitation on the development of biofilms was obtained during study of L. plantarum 8PA-3 probiotic lactobacilli in special equipment in the process of execution of space experiments in the Russian segment of the International Space Station. Comparative analysis of growth of plankton and biofilm forms of cells developing in the conditions of space flight and surface conditions was carried out by microbiologic and electron-microscopy methods using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Results. Accelerated dynamics of formation of L. plantarum 8PA-3 lactobacilli biofilm on the surface of polymer substrate was shown for the first time during the space experiment. Microbiological analysis of the bacterial culture has also confirmed the accelerated growth of L. plantarum 8PA-3 under microgravitation compared with surface conditions. Ultrastructure of plankton form of L. plantarum 8PA-3 taking part in formation of biofilms in conditions of microgravitation was detected for the first time in the space experiment. Conclusion. Data on comparative electron-microscopic analysis obtained in space experiments are important for scientific justification of the effect of microgravitation on bacterial communities developing as biofilms - the most natural form of existence of microorganisms. The results obtained could be taken into consideration during creation of novel antibacterial means and disinfectants as well as methods of treatment of surfaces of modules of piloted space complexes that could allow to clarify methods of effective prophylaxis of biofilm spread which pose a risk of health of the crew and normal functioning of equipment in the International Space Station