The personal belief in a just world and domain-specific beliefs about justice at school and in the family: A longitudinal study with adolescents

This article investigates the relationship between the personal belief in a just world (BJW) and domain-specific beliefs about justice and examines how justice cognitions impact on adolescents' development, particularly on their achievement at school and their subjective well-being. A longitudinal questionnaire study with German adolescents aged 14-19 years was conducted over a period of five to eight months. The pattern of results revealed that evaluations of the school climate and of the family climate as being just were two distinct phenomena, both of which impacted on the personal BJW, which in turn affected the domain-specific beliefs about justice. However, the domain-specific beliefs about justice did not impact on each other directly. Moreover, an evaluation of the family climate (but not of the school climate) as being just reduced depressive symptoms, whereas depressive symptoms did not weaken the evaluation of one's family as being just. The evaluation of the school climate as being just improved the grades received in the next school report, whereas the grades received did not affect the justice evaluation of the school climate. Finally, all relationships persisted when controlling for age and gender. In sum, the pattern of findings supports the notion that justice cognitions impact on development during adolescence

Fertility Intentions and Their Realization in Couples : How the Division of Household Chores Matters

Most research on Europe indicates that a gender-balanced division of family work tends to increase childbearing probabilities, but empirical results vary substantially. The present article proposes explanations for this observed discrepancy. It develops prior research further by (1) studying short-term fertility intentions and their realization within the subsequent 4 years, (2) analyzing the role of the spouses’ satisfaction with the division for the effects that the division may have on childbearing, (3) proving a mediation by relationship satisfaction, and (4) considering gender as well as parity as moderators. Using data from two waves of the Generations and Gender Survey, we show that the division of work affects childbearing intentions. We find that the effect (a) depends on the spouses’ satisfaction with the division, (b) is partly moderated by relationship satisfaction, and (c) varies by parity. The division of household labor, however, seems of less importance for the realization of childbearing intentions

Effectiveness of holistic assessment-based interventions in improving outcomes in adults with multiple long-term conditions and/or frailty:an umbrella review protocol

Objective: This umbrella review aims to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of holistic assessment-based interventions (HABIs) in improving health outcomes in adults (aged ≥ 18) with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and/or frailty in community and hospital settings.Introduction: Health systems need evidence-based, effective interventions to improve health outcomes for adults with MLTCs. Holistic assessment-based interventions are effective in older people admitted to the hospital (usually called Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in that context) but the evidence that similar interventions are effective in the community is inconclusive.Inclusion criteria: We will include systematic reviews published since 2010 in English which examine the effectiveness of community and/or hospital HABIs in improving health outcomes among community-dwelling and hospitalized adults aged ≥ 18 with MLTCs and/or frailty. Methods: We will perform systematic searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, ASSIA, Cochrane Library, and TRIP Medical Database and manually search reference lists of included reviews for additional eligible reviews. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts for eligibility, and then screen potentially eligible full-texts against selection criteria. We will assess the methodological quality of included reviews using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses tool and extract data using an adapted and piloted JBI data extraction tool. The summary of findings will be presented in tabular form, with narrative descriptions and visual indications accompanying the tabulated results. The citation matrix will be generated and the corrected covered area calculated to analyze the overlap in primary studies included in reviews.<br/