Thermal nonlocal Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model in the real time formalism

The real-time formalism at finite temperature and chemical potential for the nonlocal Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model is developed in the presence of a Gaussian covariant regulator. We construct the most general thermal propagator, by means of the spectral function. As a result, the model involves the propagation of massive quasiparticles. The appearance of complex poles is interpreted as a confinement signal, and in this case we have unstable quasiparticles with a finite decay width. An expression for the propagator along the critical line, where complex poles start to appear, is also obtained. A generalization to other covariant regulators is proposed.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery for kidney stones larger than two centimetres

According to the guidelines, percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the main treatment for patients with kidney stones larger than 2 cm. However, many studies have recently been published describing the safety and efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the treatment of patients with kidney stones of similar size. This paper reviews the literature on the use of RIRS in the treatment of patients with kidney stones larger than 2 cm. The study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RIRS in the treatment of kidney stones larger than 2 cm. Such indicators as the duration of surgical treatment, stone-free rate, intra- and postoperative complications were evaluated. Also, the history of the development of ureteroscopy as a diagnostic and therapeutic method for diseases of the upper urinary tract is briefly reviewed. The material was searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases

Location of the Energy Levels of the Rare-Earth Ion in BaF2 and CdF2

The location of the energy levels of rare-earth (RE) elements in the energy band diagram of BaF2 and CdF2 crystals is determined. The role of RE3+ and RE2+ ions in the capture of charge carriers, luminescence, and the formation of radiation defects is evaluated. It is shown that the substantial difference in the luminescence properties of BaF2:RE and CdF2:RE is associated with the location of the excited energy levels in the band diagram of the crystals

СТРУКТУРА ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРЯНО-АРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ РАСТЕНИЙ ПО СОДЕРЖАНИЮ СУММАРНЫХ АНТИОКСИДАНТОВ В ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОМ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ

The work presents the results of the study of the antioxidant activity of fruits (clapper seeds) of aromatic plants, (Apiaceae, Lindl.): dill (Anethum graveolens L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The plant materials for determining the total content of antioxidants were collected during an ecological-geographical experiment at the Gunib and Tsudakhar experimental bases of the Mountain Botanical Garden of the Dagestan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, at altitudes of 1100 and 1730 meters above sea level, simulating the conditions of mountain-valley and upper mountain climate zones, respectively. Determination of the total content of antioxidants in aqueous solutions was performed by the amperometric method on “Tsvet Yauza 01 -AA” instrument. Studies have shown the variability of accumulation of antioxidants, depending on the type, variety, height above sea level of the place of growth of the sample. In terms of the total content of antioxidants, the effect of the cultivation area substantially exceeded the inter-variety differences. In the studied species, intervarietal differences appeared more clearly in A. graveolens, which correlated with the latitude of the range and the ecological amplitude of growth of these species in natural habitats. The obtained data on the study of antioxidant activity in some aromatic medicinal plants allow to evaluate their biological value, to recommend more distinguished samples for cultivation. Plant materials with a high accumulation of antioxidants that can neutralize the harmful effects of oxidative stress can be used as a source of natural polyphenols, natural antioxidants in food. This methodical approach, demonstrated in the work, can serve as a methodological basis for studying the “genotype x environment” interaction and express assessment of varieties, clones, populations, and other units of accounting for the stability and sustainability of the parameters studied, including the content of antioxidants.В работе представлены результаты изучения антиоксидантной активности плодов у сортов пряно-ароматических растений семейства зонтичных (Apiaceae, Lindl.): укропа (Anethum graveolens L.) и кориандра (Coriandrum sativum L.). Сырье для определения суммарного содержания антиоксидантов собрано в ходе эколого-географического эксперимента на Гунибской и Цудахарской экспериментальных базах Горного ботанического сада ДНЦ РАН, на высотах 1100 и 1730 метров над уровнем моря, моделирующих условия горно-долинного и верхнего горного климатических поясов, соответственно. Определение суммарного содержания антиоксидантов в водных растворах, проводили амперометрическим методом на приборе «Цвет Яуза 01 – АА», основанный на измерении электрического тока в электрохимической ячейке, возникающего при подаче на электрод определенного потенциала. Проведенные исследования показали, изменчивость накопления антиоксидантов в зависимости от вида, сорта, высоты над уровнем моря места произрастания образца. По суммарному содержанию антиоксидантов влияние участка выращивания существенно превышали межсортовые различия. У изученных видов межсортовые различия четче проявились у A. graveolens, что на наш взгляд скоррелировано с широтой ареала и экологической амплитудой произрастания этих видов в природных местообитаниях. Полученные данные по изучению антиоксидантной активности в некоторых пряно-ароматических лекарственных растений позволяют оценить их биологическую ценность, рекомендовать более отличившиеся образцы для культивирования. Растительное сырье высоким накоплением антиоксидантов, способные нейтрализовать вредное воздействие окислительного стресса, могут использованы в качестве источника природных полифенолов, природных антиоксидантов пищевых продуктах. Методический подход, продемонстрированный в работе может послужить методической основой для изучения взаимодействия «генотип x среда» и экспресс оценки сортов, клонов, популяций и других единиц учета, на стабильность и устойчивость изучаемых параметров, в том числе и содержания антиоксидантов

QCD equation of state in a virial expansion

We describe recent three-flavor QCD lattice data for the pressure, speed of soun d and interaction measure at nonzero temperature and vanishing chemical potentia l within a virial expansion. For the deconfined phase we use a phenomenological model which includes non-pert urbative effects from dimension two gluon condensates that reproduce the free en ergy of quenched QCD very well. The hadronic phase is parameterized by a generalized resonance-gas model. Furthermore, we extend this approach to finite quark densities introducing an ex plicit $\mu$-dependence of the interaction. We calculate pressure, quark-number density, entropy and energy density and compare to results of lattice calculatio ns. We, additionally, investigate the structure of the phase diagram by calculating the isobaric and isentropic lines as well as the critical endpoint in the ($T, \mu_q$)-plane.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.

ПЕРВИЧНОЕ ЭНДОПРОТЕЗИРОВАНИЕ ПЛЕЧЕВОГО СУСТАВА ПРИ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯХ ПРОКСИМАЛЬНОГО ОТДЕЛА ПЛЕЧЕВОЙ КОСТИ

Introduction. Lesions of proximal humerus occur often nowadays. Many surgical methods are performed in such situations.Material and Methods. In October 2014 — August 2016, 25 patients with severe lesions of proximal humerus underwent primary unipolar shoulder joint arthroplasty in the Trauma Department no. 2 of S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital. AO\ASIF classification was used. The results were evaluated in the period from 5 to 18 months by Swanson shoulder score. The result 20-30 points was assessed as excellent, 10–19 points — fair, less than 10 points — poor.Objectives. To evaluate immediate and midterm results of the unipolar shoulder joint arthroplasty in severe injuries of the proximal humerus.Results. Good results were received in 19 cases (76%), fair results were achieved in 6 (24%) cases and there were no poor results. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.Discussion. It is preferable to perform hemiarthroplasty if glenoid surface is intact. In such cases the results are similar to total arthroplasty. Standard surgical technics were used in all patients. All of them underwent rehabilitation courses after the surgery and returned to daily life and work.Conclusion: Primary shoulder joint arthroplasty may be considered as a method of choice for severe fractures and fractures with dislocation of head and surgical neck of humerus. Введение. Повреждения проксимального отдела плеча на сегодняшний день являются крайне частыми. При данной патологии применяется множество различных оперативных методик.Материал и методы. С октября 2014 г. по август 2016 г. в отделении травматологии № 2 ГКБ им. С.С. Юдина 25 пациентам с тяжелыми повреждениями проксимального отдела плечевой кости было выполнено первичное однополюсное монополярное эндопротезирование плечевого сустава. Применяли классификацию AO/ASIF.Результаты оценивали в сроки от 5 до 18 мес по шкале Свансона для плечевого сустава. При этом результаты от 20 до 30 баллов оценивали как отличные, 10–19 баллов — как удовлетворительные, менее 10 баллов — как неудовлетворительные.Цель. Оценить ближайшие и среднесрочные результаты однополюсного монополярного эндопротезирования плечевого сустава при тяжелых повреждениях проксимального отдела плеча.Результаты. Хорошие результаты получены в 19 случаях (76%), удовлетворительные — в 6 случаях (24%), неудовлетворительных результатов не отмечено. Интраоперационных и послеоперационных осложнений выявлено не было.Обсуждение. При неповрежденной суставной поверхности лопатки целесообразно выполнять гемиартропластику. В такой ситуации результаты идентичны тотальной артропластике. Применяли стандартную методику оперативного вмешательства. Все пациенты после операции проходили курсы реабилитации, вернулись к труду и повседневной жизни.Вывод. Первичное однополюсное монополярное эндопротезирование плечевого сустава можно считать методом выбора при тяжелых многооскольчатых переломах, а также при переломовывихах головки и хирургической шейки плечевой кости.

Process gamma* gamma -> sigma at large virtuality of gamma*

The process gamma* gamma -> sigma is investigated in the framework of the SU(2)xSU(2) chiral NJL model. The form factor of the process is derived for arbitrary virtuality of gamma* in the Euclidean kinematic domain. The asymptotic behaviour of this form factor resembles the asymptotic behaviour of the gamma* gamma -> pi form factor.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures; added reference

Лечение пациентов с гнойно-некротическими ранами с использованием внутривенного лазерного облучения крови (405 нм)

Objective: to analyze the effectiveness of purulent-necrotic wounds management using intravenous laser irradiation of blood (405nm). Materials and methods. Object of study – patients with purulent-necrotic wounds. Clinical studies and analysis of the intravenous laser blood irradiation (405 nm) effect on the wound healing process and on the healing speed of purulent soft tissues wounds in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were carried out. Results. It was found that the use of intravenous laser blood irradiation (405 nm) is a highly effective method for the treatment of purulent soft tissues wounds, which allows to reduce the number of complications and shorten the time for complete epithelization of purulent wounds by 7–10 days compared with traditional treatment. Цель исследования: анализ эффективности методики лечения больных гнойно-некротическими ранами с использованием внутривенного лазерного облучения крови (405 нм). Материалы и методы исследования. Объект исследования – пациенты с гнойно-некротическими ранами. В процессе работы проводили клинические исследования и анализ влияния внутривенного лазерного облучения крови (405 нм) на течение раневого процесса и на скорость заживления гнойных ран мягких тканей больных сахарным диабетом II типа. Результаты исследования. Установлено, что использование внутривенного лазерного облучения крови (405 нм) является высокоэффективным методом лечения гнойных ран мягких тканей, позволяющим уменьшить количество осложнений и сократить сроки полной эпителизации гнойных ран на 7–10 суток по сравнению с традиционным лечением.

CarotidSCORE.RU — risk stratification for complications after carotid endarterectomy

Aim. To demonstrate the first Russian computer program (carotidscore.ru) for risk stratification of postoperative complications of carotid endarterectomy (CE).Material and methods. The present study is based on the analysis of a multicenter Russian database including 25812 patients after CE operated on from January 1, 2010 to April 1, 2022. The following types of CE were implemented: conventional CE with patch angioplasty — 6814 patients; eversion CE — 18998 patients. Following postoperative complications were assessed during the study: death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), composite endpoint (death + stroke + MI).Results. During inhospital postoperative period, 0,18% of participants died, while 0,14% had MI, 0,35% — stroke. The composite endpoint was recorded in 0,68%. For each factor present in patients, a predictive coefficient was estimated. The predictive coefficient was considered as a numerical parameter reflecting the strength of the effect of each factor on the development of postoperative complications. Based on this equation, predictive coefficients were calculated for each factor present in patients in our study. The total contribution of these factors was reflected as a percentage and denoted the risk of postoperative complications with a minimum of 0% and a maximum of 100%. On the basis of obtained calculations, a CarotidSCORE program was created. Its graphical interface is based on the QT framework. It is possible not only to estimate the risk of a complication, but also to save all data about a patient in JSON format. The CarotidSCORE program contains 47 patient parameters, including clinical, demographic, anamnestic and angiographic characteristics. It makes it possible to choose one of the four CE types, which will provide an accurate stratification of the complication risk for each of them.Conclusion. CarotidSCORE (carotidscore.ru) may determine the probability of postoperative complications in patients undergoing CE

Ten-year long-term outcomes of conventional and eversion carotid endarterectomy. Multicenter study

Aim. To analyze the immediate and long-term outcomes of eversion and conventional carotid endarterectomy (CE) with patch angioplasty.Material and methods. For the period from February 1, 2006 to September 1, 2021, the present retrospective multicenter open comparative study included 25106 patients who underwent CE. Depending on the technique of operation, the following groups were formed: group 1 (n=18362) — eversion CE; group 2 (n=6744) — conventional CE with patch angioplasty. The long-term follow-up period was 124,7±53,8 months.Results. In the hospital postoperative period, the groups were comparable in incidence of all complications: lethal outcome (group 1: 0,19%, n=36; group 2: 0,17%, n=12; p=0,89; odds ratio (OR) =1,1; 95% confidence interval (CI) =0,57- 2,11); myocardial infarction (MI) (group 1: 0,15%, n=28; group 2: 0,13%, n=9; p=0,87; OR=1,14; 95% CI=0,53-2,42); stroke (group 1: 0,33%, n=62; group 2: 0,4%, n=27; p=0,53; OR=0,84; 95% CI=0,53-1,32); bleeding with hematoma formation (group 1: 0,39%, n=73; group 2: 0,41%, n=28; p=0,93; OR=0,95; 95% CI=0,61-1,48); internal carotid artery (ICA) thrombosis (group 1: 0,05%, n=11; group 2: 0,07%, n=5, p=0,9; OR=0,8; 95% CI=0,28-2,32). In the long-term follow-up, the groups were comparable only in MI incidence: group 1: 0,56%, n=103; group 2: 0,66%, n=45; p=0,37; OR=0,84; 95% CI=0,59-1,19. All other complications were more frequent after conventional CE with patch angioplasty: all-cause death (group 1: 2,7%, n=492; group 2: 9,1%, n=616; p<0,0001; OR=0,27; 95% CI=0,24-0,3); lethal ischemic stroke (group 1: 1,0%, n=180; group 2: 5,5%, n=371; p<0,0001; OR=0,17; 95% CI=0,14-0,21); non-lethal ischemic stroke (group 1: 0,62%, n=114; group 2: 7,0%, n=472; p<0,0001; OR=0,08; 95% CI=0,06-0,1); ICA restenosis >60%, requiring re-revascularization (group 1: 1,6%, n=296; group 2: 12,6%, n=851; p<0,0001; OR=0,11; 95% CI=0,09-0,12). Thus, the composite endpoint (lethal ischemic stroke + non-lethal ischemic stroke + MI) after conventional CE with patch angioplasty was more than 6 times higher than this parameter of eversion CE: group 1: 2,2%, n=397; group 2: 13,2%, n=888; p<0,0001; OR=0,14; 95% CI=0,12-1,16.Conclusion. Conventional CE with patch angioplasty is not prefer for cerebral revascularization in the presence of hemodynamically significant ICA stenosis due to the high prevalence of deaths, stroke, and ICA restenosis in the long-term follow-up