ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННАЯ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ТАКТИКА ПРИ ПОРАЖЕНИИ МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ У БОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТНО-РАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫМИ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫМИ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯМИ МАЛОГО ТАЗА

An analysis of surgical treatment of 154 patients with locally advanced and recurrent malignant tumors of the pelvic organs with secondary lesions of the bladder was performed. Described surgical technique used for resection and reconstructive stages of surgery. In 73.4 % of the volume of the intervention was complete or anterior pelvic exenteration. Morbidity after operations was 30.5 %, postoperative mortality — 7.8 %. The perspective of large-scale interventions to improve outcomes of patients with tumors of the pelvic localization is marked.Проведен анализ хирургического лечения 154 больных местно-распространенными и рецидивными злокачественными новообразованиями органов малого таза с вторичным поражением мочевого пузыря. Описан дифференцированный подход на резекционном и реконструктивном этапах хирургического вмешательства у данной категории пациентов. В 73,4 % случаев объемом вмешательства была полная или передняя эвисцерация малого таза, в 26,6 % удалось ограничиться комбинированным вмешательством с резекцией мочевого пузыря. Ранние послеоперационные осложнения развились у 30,5 % пациентов. Умерли 12 (7,8 %) больных. Отмечена перспективность масштабных вмешательств в улучшении результатов лечения больных с опухолями тазовой локализации

DIFFERENTIATED SURGICAL TACTICS IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED BLADDER INVOLVEMENT PELVIC TUMORS

<p>An analysis of surgical treatment of 154 patients with locally advanced and recurrent malignant tumors of the pelvic organs with secondary lesions of the bladder was performed. Described surgical technique used for resection and reconstructive stages of surgery. In 73.4 % of the volume of the intervention was complete or anterior pelvic exenteration. Morbidity after operations was 30.5 %, postoperative mortality — 7.8 %. The perspective of large-scale interventions to improve outcomes of patients with tumors of the pelvic localization is marked.</p

New perspectives on mate choice and the MHC

A long series of studies on mice have shown that mate choice decisions can be made on the basis of individual genotype at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which accords well with the importance of immunocompetence in some theories of sexual selection. Recent work on other vertebrate species, including humans, indicates that MHC-based mate choice is not restricted to the genus Mus. However, its importance may vary among species as a result of differences in social and mating system structure, and perhaps genome structure. There appears to be a general preference expressed for MHC-dissimilar mates, and such MHC-disassortative mating may be involved in maintaining MHC and/or genome-wide diversity in natural populations. The strength and direction of MHC-based mating preference can vary, and may be modulated by factors such as genetic background, sex, and early life experience

DNA polymorphism and the study of disease associations

Recombinant DNA approaches to disease analysis may be as applicable to studies of disease association as they are to the analysis and diagnosis of single-gene defects. Population and/or family association analyses, using restriction fragment length polymorphisms around candidate genes as markers, have been employed to study conditions such as atherosclerosis and disease with an HLA-association. Progress made to date in disease-association studies using recombinant DNA methodology is reviewed, the rationale behind such studies is examined and associated problems and pitfalls discussed