The Advantages of Odd Exclusions

Every novel constitutes an interestingly complex set of linguistic experiments demonstrating some of the possibilities of its language to and by the exclusion of all the rest. Extreme cases may demonstrate these possibilities more clearly, and at least in English, no novel seems more arbitrarily extreme than Gadsby, which Ernest Vincent Wright apparently wrote in 1936-1937, with the E typebar of his typewriter tied down with string because, he said in his introduction, someone had told him he could not write coherent grammatical English without using its most common letter

The Character of Transport Caused by ExB Drift Turbulence

The basic character of diffusive transport in a magnetised plasma depends on what kind of transport is modelled. ExB turbulence under drift ordering has special characteristics: it is nearly incompressible, and it cannot lead to magnetic flux diffusion if it is electrostatic. The ExB velocity is also related to the Poynting energy flux. Under quasineutral dynamics, electric fields are not caused by transport of electric charge but by the requirement that the total current is divergence free. Consequences for well constructed computational transport models are discussed in the context of a general mean field analysis, which also yields several anomalous transfer mechanisms not normally considered by current models.Comment: 31 pages including 2 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasma

Phases and phase transitions in a U(1) × U(1) system with θ = 2π/3 mutual statistics

We study a U(1) × U(1) system with short-range interactions and mutual θ = 2π/3 statistics in (2+1) dimensions. We are able to reformulate the model to eliminate the sign problem and perform a Monte Carlo study. We find a phase diagram containing a phase with only small loops and two phases with one species of proliferated loop. We also find a phase where both species of loop condense, but without any gapless modes. Lastly, when the energy cost of loops becomes small, we find a phase that is a condensate of bound states, each made up of three particles of one species and a vortex of the other. We define several exact reformulations of the model that allow us to precisely describe each phase in terms of gapped excitations. We propose field-theoretic descriptions of the phases and phase transitions, which are particularly interesting on the “self-dual” line where both species have identical interactions. We also define irreducible responses useful for describing the phases

Monte Carlo Study of a U(1)xU(1) system with \pi-statistical Interaction

We study a $U(1)\times U(1)$ system with two species of loops with mutual $\pi$-statistics in (2+1) dimensions. We are able to reformulate the model in a way that can be studied by Monte Carlo and we determine the phase diagram. In addition to a phase with no loops, we find two phases with only one species of loop proliferated. The model has a self-dual line, a segment of which separates these two phases. Everywhere on the segment, we find the transition to be first-order, signifying that the two loop systems behave as immiscible fluids when they are both trying to condense. Moving further along the self-dual line, we find a phase where both loops proliferate, but they are only of even strength, and therefore avoid the statistical interactions. We study another model which does not have this phase, and also find first-order behavior on the self-dual segment.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure