1,594 research outputs found
When renormalizability is not sufficient: Coulomb problem for vector bosons
The Coulomb problem for vector bosons W incorporates a known difficulty; the
boson falls on the center. In QED the fermion vacuum polarization produces a
barrier at small distances which solves the problem. In a renormalizable SU(2)
theory containing vector triplet (W^+,W^-,gamma) and a heavy fermion doublet F
with mass M the W^- falls on F^+, to distances r ~ 1/M, where M can be made
arbitrary large. To prevent the collapse the theory needs additional light
fermions, which switch the ultraviolet behavior of the theory from the
asymptotic freedom to the Landau pole. Similar situation can take place in the
Standard Model. Thus, the renormalizability of a theory is not sufficient to
guarantee a reasonable behavior at small distances for non-perturbative
problems, such as a bound state problem.Comment: Four page
Flux- and volume-limited groups/clusters for the SDSS galaxies: catalogues and mass estimation
We provide flux-limited and volume-limited galaxy group and cluster
catalogues, based on the spectroscopic sample of the SDSS data release 10
galaxies. We used a modified friends-of-friends (FoF) method with a variable
linking length in the transverse and radial directions to identify as many
realistic groups as possible. The flux-limited catalogue incorporates galaxies
down to m_r = 17.77 mag. It includes 588193 galaxies and 82458 groups. The
volume-limited catalogues are complete for absolute magnitudes down to M_r =
-18.0, -18.5, -19.0, -19.5, -20.0, -20.5, and -21.0; the completeness is
achieved within different spatial volumes, respectively. Our analysis shows
that flux-limited and volume-limited group samples are well compatible to each
other, especially for the larger groups/clusters. Dynamical mass estimates,
based on radial velocity dispersions and group extent in the sky, are added to
the extracted groups. The catalogues can be accessed via http://cosmodb.to.ee
and the Strasbourg Astronomical Data Center (CDS).Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&
A generalized Ramsey excitation scheme with suppressed light shift
We experimentally investigate a recently proposed optical excitation scheme
[V.I. Yudin et al., Phys. Rev. A 82, 011804(R)(2010)] that is a generalization
of Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields and consists of a sequence
of three excitation pulses. The pulse sequence is tailored to produce a
resonance signal which is immune to the light shift and other shifts of the
transition frequency that are correlated with the interaction with the probe
field. We investigate the scheme using a single trapped 171Yb+ ion and excite
the highly forbidden 2S1/2-2F7/2 electric-octupole transition under conditions
where the light shift is much larger than the excitation linewidth, which is in
the Hertz range. The experiments demonstrate a suppression of the light shift
by four orders of magnitude and an immunity against its fluctuations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Cherenkov radiation by particles traversing the background radiatio n
High energy particles traversing the Universe through the cosmic microwave
backgroung radiation can, in principle, emit Cherenkov radiation. It is shown
that the energy threshold for this radiation is extremely high and its
intensity would be too low due to the low density of the "relic photons gas"
and very weak interaction of two photons.Comment: 6 pages, LATEX, no Figs.; to be published in JETP Lett. 75 (N4)
(2002
The role of energy-momentum conservation in emission of Cherenkov gluons
The famous formula for the emission angle of Cherenkov radiation should be
modified when applied to hadronic reactions because of recoil effects. They
impose the upper limit on the energy of the gluon emitted at a given angle.
Also, it leads to essential corrections to the nuclear refractive index value
as determined from the angular position of Cherenkov rings.Comment: 6
Charge density of a positively charged vector boson may be negative
The charge density of vector particles, for example W, may change sign. The
effect manifests itself even for a free propagation; when the energy of the
W-boson is higher than sqrt{2}m and the standing-wave is considered the charge
density oscillates in space. The charge density of W also changes sign in close
vicinity of a Coulomb center. The dependence of this effect on the g-factor for
an arbitrary vector boson, for example rho-meson, is discussed. An origin of
this surprising effect is traced to the electric quadrupole moment and
spin-orbit interaction of vector particles. Their contributions to the current
have a polarization nature. The charge density of this current, rho = -\nabla
\cdot P, where P is an effective polarization vector that depends on the
quadrupole moment and spin-orbit interaction, oscillates in space, producing
zero contribution to the total charge.Comment: 4 pages, revte
Vacuum Cherenkov radiation
Within the classical Maxwell-Chern-Simons limit of the Standard-Model
Extension (SME), the emission of light by uniformly moving charges is studied
confirming the possibility of a Cherenkov-type effect. In this context, the
exact radiation rate for charged magnetic point dipoles is determined and found
in agreement with a phase-space estimate under certain assumptions.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX
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