13 research outputs found
ΠΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²
The paper studies the kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of nickel, the main component of grinding waste of ZhS-32VI rheniumcontaining heat-resistant superalloy formed during mechanical processing of products and containing such impurities as abrasive materials, oils, ceramics and other contaminants with refractory metal concentration in a solid residue, in agitation mode. The nickel content is 60 %. In addition to nickel, grinding waste contains other metals such as rhenium, chromium, cobalt, tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, titanium, and aluminum. The process of nickel leaching from waste with a sulfuric acid solution was carried out in a thermostated cell at an elevated temperature (55β85 Β°Π‘), waste : 3 M H2SO4 solution phase ratio of 1 g : 10 ml, and stirring rate of 200 minβ1. Kinetics was studied using a fraction of β0.071 mm with the highest yield (49.2 wt.%) in grinding waste. Convex kinetic curves of nickel leaching from waste were obtained. It was found that when the temperature changes from 55 to 85 Β°Π‘, the time until leaching stops decreases from 220 to 140 min, and nickel recovery from the solution increases from 45 to 99 %. The data of the obtained kinetic curves were linearized according to the Β«contracting sphereΒ» equation, GistlingβBraunstein and KazeevβErofeev equations (the latter is most suitable for description). Taking into account the assessment of anamorphosis correlation coefficients, it was found that nickel leaching from grinding waste is limited by the chemical reaction, and the process proceeds in the kinetic region of the reaction. The apparent activation energy calculated using the Arrhenius equation and rate constants obtained by processing linearized kinetic curves according to the Β«contracting sphereΒ» model, was 47.5Β±0.5 kJ/mol. This value confirms the course of the process in the kinetic region where the process can be intensified by increasing its temperature.Π Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Re-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ‘-32ΠΠ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π°Π±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π», ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 60 %, Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Π² ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Π», ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΄Π΅Π½, Π³Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ (55β85 Β°Π‘), ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ : 3 Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ H2SO4, ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ 1 Π³ : 10 ΠΌΠ», ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β 200 ΠΌΠΈΠ½β1. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ β0,071 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ (49,2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.%) Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΡΠΊΠ»ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ 55 Π΄ΠΎ 85 Β°Π‘ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ 220 Π΄ΠΎ 140 ΠΌΠΈΠ½, Π° ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ 45 Π΄ΠΎ 99 %. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Β«ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΒ», ΠΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°-ΠΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π·Π΅Π΅Π²Π°βΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅Π²Π° (ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ). Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ· ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Β«ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΒ», ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 47,5Β±0,5 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²
The study investigated the feasibility of oxidative leaching rhenium in the presence of hydrochloric acid from machining waste (grinding waste) derived from products made of ZhS-32VI, a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy containing rhenium. This was achieved through agitation leaching process. The grinding waste fraction size of β0.071 mm, which accounted for the highest yield (49.2 wt.%), was utilized in the experiments. The rhenium leaching process was conducted in two variations: in the first option, grinding waste was mixed with a hydrochloric acid solution at ~100 Β°C, followed by the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the leaching solution after it had cooled; in the second option, leaching was performed using a hydrochloric acid solution with the gradual addition of hydrogen peroxide solution. The highest degree of rhenium leaching (91.0 %) was achieved in the first option. In this case, the initial concentration of hydrochloric acid was 8 M, and the molar ratio of the added reagents was Ξ½(HCl): Ξ½(H2O2) = 2.7 : 1.0. The kinetics of nickel leaching using a 6 M hydrochloric acid solution at 70 Β°C, with a solid-to-liquid phase ratio of 1 g : 50 ml, was also examined. The analysis of the kinetic data, processed using the βcontracting sphere,β GinstlingβBrounshtein, and KazeevβErofeev models, indicates that the nickel leaching process occurs within the kinetic region. Additionally, the kinetics of rhenium leaching from the solid residue obtained after the hydrochloric acid leaching of nickel from grinding waste was investigated. Employing the same kinetic models to analyze the data, it was determined that the limiting stage of this process involves the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide within the rhenium-containing solid residue.Β Π Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ (ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²) ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Re-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° ΠΠ‘-32ΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² β0,071 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ (49,2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.%). ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
: Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ β ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ~100 Β°Π‘, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°; Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ β Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (91,0 %) Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅, Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 8 Π, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β Ξ½(HCl) : Ξ½(H2O2) = 2,7 : 1,0. ΠΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ (6 Π) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 70 Β°Π‘ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π· ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ : ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ, ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ 1 Π³ : 50 ΠΌΠ». ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Β«ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΒ», ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°βΠΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π·Π΅Π΅Π²Π°βΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ.
Π‘ΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ Π ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π«ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ
Sorption of rhenium (VII) and vanadium (V) with FIBAN series fibrous ionites out of mineralized sulfuric-chloride solutions has been studied. Equilibrium, kinetic, and dynamic characteristics of rhenium and vanadium sorption with AK-22 grade FIBAN ionite that contains the following functional groups: =NH, βNH2, βΠ‘OOH, and β‘N are obtained. The maximum capacity of this ionite for vanadium (V) is found to be observed at pH = 4 value. Rhenium and vanadium sorption isotherms are linear and described by Henryβs equations with constants KH = 113Β±2 ml/g (R2 = 0,995) and 674Β±6 ml/g (R2 = 0,999) respectively. Integral kinetic curves of sorption are obtained under the conditions of limited solution volume. The effective diffusion coefficients of rhenium and vanadium (9,0Β·10β13 and 7,5Β·10β15 m2/s respectively) are calculated with taking the half-transformation time into account. The feasibility of rhenium and vanadium separation under the dynamic conditions is shown.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (VII) ΠΈ Π²Π°Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ (V) Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π€ΠΠΠΠ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ Re ΠΈ V ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π€ΠΠΠΠ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ-22, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ: =NH, βNH2, βΠ‘OOH ΠΈ β‘N. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π°Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ (V) Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ = 4. ΠΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ Re ΠΈ V Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ KΠ³ = 1,36Β±0,30 ΠΌΠ»/Π³ (R2 = 0,995) ΠΈ 674Β±21 ΠΌΠ»/Π³ (R2 = 0,999) ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Re ΠΈ V, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ 9,0Β·10β13 ΠΈ 7,5Β·10β15 ΠΌ2/Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π‘ΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠ Π‘ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ«Π₯ Π ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ, Π‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ©ΠΠΠ Π’Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ
The paper studies rhenium (VII) sorption from sulfuric acid solutions by impregnates based on macroporous polymer carriers (copolymers of styrene with divinylbenzene, weak acid cation exchange resion) containing commercial trialkylamine (Π’AA). The study provides equilibrium and kinetic characteristics of rhenium recovery by the impregnate based on the macroporous weakly acidic cation exchange resin (K-TAA) having the best rhenium capacity. The maximum coefficient of rhenium distribution in the K-TAA impregnate is observed in sorption from pH = 2 solutions. The rhenium sorption isotherm is described by the Langmuir equation with the K = 29Β±2 ml/g constant. A limited solution volume method was used to obtain the integral kinetic curves of sorption with a half-reaction time value considered to calculate the effective coefficients of rhenium diffusion in the impregnate amounted to (3,8Β·10β11 (295 K) and 1,3Β·10β10 (308 K) m2/s). Kinetic results linearized by the equations of models (pseudo-first, pseudo-second order, Elovich and inner diffusion) showed that kinetic curves with the highest correlation degree are described by the pseudo-second order equation with the 0,00056 (295 K) and 0,00059 (308 K) gΒ·mgβ1Β·minβ1 rate constants. The apparent activation energy of rhenium sorption (39Β±2 kJ/mol) was calculated using the Arrhenius equation. The K-TAA impregnate was tested for rhenium sorption from the eluate obtained by rhenium desorption from the Purolite A170, weak base anion exchange resinΒ pre-saturated with rhenium from the complex pregnant solution for leaching of products derived from poor rhenium-containing copper sulfide raw materials processed.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (VII) ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ»Π° Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°), ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ (Π’ΠΠ). ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π-Π’ΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ Π-Π’ΠΠ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ = 2. ΠΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³ΠΌΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΉ K = 29Β±2 ΠΌΠ»/Π³. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π½Π°ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ 3,8Β·10β11 (295 K) ΠΈ 1,3Β·10β10 (308 K) ΠΌ2/Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ 0,00056 (295 K) ΠΈ 0,00059 (308 K) Π³Β·ΠΌΠ³β1Β·ΠΌΠΈΠ½β1. ΠΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π΅ 39Β±2 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π-Π’ΠΠ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Purolite A170, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ-Ρ Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
The study covers scandium adsorption in batch conditions by VSK, DAS and PFT activated carbon grades (Russia) of different origin (Ρoconut shell, Π°nthracite, thermoset waste, respectively) from sulfuric acid-chloride solutions (pH = 2) simulating the composition of the underground leaching solutions of polymetallic ores. It was found that scandium adsorption by DAS and VSK carbons proceeds with the highest distribution coefficients (133 and 45.8 cm3/g, respectively). Isotherms of scandium adsorption with these carbons are linear and described by the Henry equation with constants 133 Β± 21 and 46 Β± 7 cm3/g, respectively. A limited solution volume method was used to obtain the integral kinetic curves of scandium adsorption. Their linearization according to the kinetic models of the pseudo-first, pseudo-second order, the Elovich model and the WeberβMorris intra-particle diffusion model indicates that the kinetics of scandium adsorption with VSK carbon having a higher correlation coefficient (0.999) is described using the pseudo-second order model. Description of the kinetic data obtained during the adsorption of scandium with DAS carbon showed that for all the models used the correlation coefficient is low (<0.939), while the highest value is observed when using the intra-particle diffusion model. It was suggested that the scandium adsorption process occurs in the mixed diffusion region. The possibility of scandium elution from VSK and DAS carbons with sodium carbonate solution (10 %) was studied in batch conditions, where the degree of scandium desorption in two stages of elution was 84.0 and 90.4 %, respectively.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΠ‘Π, ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ ΠΠ€Π’ (Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ), ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ (ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΏΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π°, Π°Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²) ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΠ = 2), ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΄. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ ΠΠ‘Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (133 ΠΈ 45,8 ΡΠΌ3/Π³ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ). ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠΠ‘ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ (116 ΡΠΌ3 Ρ-ΡΠ°/ΡΠΌ3 ΡΠ³Π»Ρ). ΠΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ 133 Β± 21 ΠΈ 46 Β± 7 ΡΠΌ3/Π³. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΠ°βΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ‘Π c Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (0,999) ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ (<0,939), ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠ‘Π ΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ (10 %) β ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ Π·Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 84,0 ΠΈ 90,4 % ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ
Removal of Impurities from Saturated Ion-Exchange Resins by Frontal-Gradient Purification in Schemes for Recovery of Nonferrous, Rare, and Rare Earth Metals
Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Scientific Society for the Clinical Study of Human Microbiome, of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and the Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases on the Diagnosis and Treatment of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (<i>C. difficile</i>)-associated Disease in Adults
Πim: the clinical practice guidelines intended for gastroenterologists, internal medicine specialists, infectious disease specialists, general practitioners (family doctors), coloproctologists, surgeons and endoscopists present modern methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of C. difficile-associated disease.Key points. C. difficile-associated disease is a disease that develops when the diversity of the intestinal microbiota decreases and C. difficile excessively colonizes the colon, the toxins of which damage the intestinal muco-epithelial barrier, followed by the development of inflammation in the colon wall, with diarrhea being a characteristic clinical manifestation. The clinical presentation of the disease can vary from asymptomatic carriage, mild to moderate diarrhea that resolves on its own, to profuse watery diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis with development of life-threatening complications. The diagnosis of C. difficile-associated disease is based on an assessment of the clinical presentation, medical history, an objective examination of the patient and laboratory stool tests. The disease severity is determined by clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. Additional diagnostic methods that are used according to indications and contribute to the assessment of severity include endoscopy of the colon and abdominal cavity imaging methods. Treatment should be initiated in cases of characteristic clinical presentation of C. difficile-associated disease and positive laboratory stool testing. The choice of drug and treatment regimen depends on the severity of the episode, the presence of complications, and whether the episode is initial, recurrent, or reinfection.Conclusion. Determination of target groups of patients for the diagnosis of clostridial infection is important in preventing overdiagnosis and subsequent unnecessary treatment. Timely diagnosis and treatment of C. difficile-associated disease help avoiding the development of life-threatening complications and improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients