Non délivrance et infécondité: intérêts de l’étiproston et du dosage de la PAGI (pregnancy-associated glycoprotein I) au cours du postpartum chez la vache.

peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professional, studentSixty Prim'holstein cows with retained placenta for more than 24 hours after parturition, were shared in three groups of 20 cows each. All cows were delivred manually 24 to 36 hours post partum and received local treatment with 1 g of oxytetracyclin. Cows in group 1 received two intra-muscular injections of 5 mg etiproston on day of manual delivery (D1) and 15 days after (D15). Cows on group II received only one etiproston administration (D1), and cows in group III remained untreated. Ratios of delayed uterine involution were respectively 20, 40 and 55 % in groupsI,II and III(I<0.05;II<0.005). PAGI concentrations were checked 15 days after parturition and were significantly higher in cows affected by delayed uterine involution (p < 0.05). V-IAF intervals were significantly (p < 0.05) different between groups I (58 days), II (102 days) and III(143 days).Soixante vaches de race Prim'holstein, ayant présenté une rétention placentaire 24 heures après le vêlage sont réparties en trois lots I, II et III (Témoin) de 20 vaches chacun. Toutes les vaches ont fait l'objet d'une délivrance manuelle 24 à 36 heures après le part, complétée d'un traitement antibiotique local à base d'oxytétracycline sous forme de 2 oblets gynécologiques dosés à 500 mg chacun. Les vaches du lot 1 ont reçu deux injections de 5 mg d'étiproston par la voie IM, le jour de la délivrance manuelle (J1) et 15 jours plus tard (J15). Les animaux du lot II sont traités par une seule injection du même produit àJ1 alors que les vaches du lot III n'ont rien reçu. Un retard de l'involution utérine (RIU) est enregistré dans 20, 40 et 55 p. cent des cas respectivement dans les lots I, II, III. La différence entre les lots let II et entre les lots I et III est significative (p < 0,05). La concentration moyenne de PAGI à 15 jours après le vêlage est plus éle'vée significativement chez les vaches ayant un RIU (p < 0,05). L'intervalle V- IAF est de 58, 102 et 143 jours respectivement dans les lots I, II et III. La différence est significative entre les lots pris deux à deux (p <0,05)

Diagnostic moléculaire de la maladie de Gaucher en Tunisie

Trabalho desenvolvido na sequência de projeto de colaboração Portugal-Tunisia iniciado no IBMC-UP.[ENG] Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid b-glucosidase. In order to determine the mutation spectrum in Tunisia, we performed recurrent mutation screening in 30 Tunisian patients with Gaucher disease. Screening of recurrent mutation by PCR/RFLP and direct sequencing had shown that N370S was the most frequent mutation (22/50 mutant alleles, 44%), followed by L444P mutation, which is found in 16% (8/50 mutant alleles). The recombinant allele (RecNciI)represented 14%. Our findings revealed that the genotype N370S/RecNciI was mosst frequent in patients with childhood onset and it was associated with severe visceral involvement. The screening of these three mutations provided a simple tool for molecular diagnosis of Gaucher disease in Tunisian patients and allowed also genetic counselling for their family members.[FR] Résumé: La maladie de Gaucher est une maladie de surcharge lysosomale due à un déficit de l’enzyme β-glucosidase. Afin d’étudier le spectre mutationnel de cette affection en Tunisie, nous avons recherché les mutations récurrentes chez 30 patients. Le dépistage des mutations récurrentes par PCR/RFLP et séquençage direct a révélé que la mutation N370S est la plus fréquente (44 %, 22/50 allèles mutés), suivie par la mutation L444P qui présente une fréquence de l’ordre de 16 % (8/50 allèles mutés). L’allèle recombinant (RecNciI) a été retrouvé chez 14 % des cas étudiés. Les mutations non identifiées dans cette étude représentent 26 %. En outre, nos résultats ont montré que le génotype N370S/RecNciI est le plus fréquent dans les formes à révélation pédiatrique et il est associé à une atteinte viscérale sévère. La recherche de ces mutations en priorité fournit un outil de diagnostic moléculaire pour la majorité des patients, elle permet ainsi un dépistage des hétérozygotes indispensable pour le conseil génétique. Abstract: Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid β-glucosidase. In order to determine the mutation spectrum in Tunisia, we performed recurrent mutation screening in 30 Tunisian patients with Gaucher disease. Screening of recurrent mutation by PCR/RFLP and direct sequencing had shown that N370S was the most frequent mutation (22/50 mutant alleles, 44%), followed by L444P mutation, which is found in 16% (8/50 mutant alleles). The recombinant allele (RecNciI) represented 14%. Our findings revealed that the genotype N370S/RecNciI was mosst frequent in patients with childhood onset and it was associated with severe visceral involvement. The screening of these three mutations provided a simple tool for molecular diagnosis of Gaucher disease in Tunisian patients and allowed also genetic counselling for their family members

The state of diet-related NCD policies in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Tunisia and Vietnam: a comparative assessment that introduces a ‘policy cube’ approach

Abstract We assessed the technical content of sugar, salt and trans-fats policies in six countries in relation to the World Health Organization ‘Best Buys’ guidelines for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). National research teams identified policies and strategies related to promoting healthy diets and restricting unhealthy consumption, including national legislation, development plans and strategies and health sector-related policies and plans. We identified relevant text in relation to the issuing agency, overarching aims, goals, targets and timeframes, specific policy measures and actions, accountability systems, budgets, responsiveness to inequitable vulnerabilities across population groups (including gender) and human rights. We captured findings in a ‘policy cube’ incorporating three dimensions: policy comprehensiveness, political salience and effectiveness of means of implementation, and equity/rights. We compared diet-related NCD policies to human immunodeficiency virus policies in relation to rights, gender and health equity. All six countries have made high-level commitments to address NCDs, but dietary NCDs policies vary and tend to be underdeveloped in terms of the specificity of targets and means of achieving them. There is patchwork reference to internationally recognized, evidence-informed technical interventions and a tendency to focus on interventions that will encounter least resistance, e.g. behaviour change communication in contrast to addressing food reformulation, taxation, subsidies and promotion/marketing. Policies are frequently at the lower end of the authoritativeness spectrum and have few identified budgetary commitments or clear accountability mechanisms. Of concern is the limited recognition of equity and rights-based approaches. Healthy diet policies in these countries do not match the severity of the NCDs burden nor are they designed in such a way that government action will focus on the most critical dietary drivers and population groups at risk. We propose a series of recommendations to expand policy cubes in each of the countries by re-orienting diet-related policies so as to ensure healthy diets for all.</jats:p

The New Layout of the LHC Cleaning Insertions

The improved LHC collimation system required significant changes in the layout and design of the warm insertions. Requirements for collimation, optics, impedance, vacuum, and additional infrastructure are described and the adopted layout is presented. Various design principles have been explored during the re-design. Magnet positions and collimators were moved significantly, such that a good cleaning efficiency was maintained while impedance was reduced by almost a factor of two. Space for upgrades of the collimation system was reserved (metallic phase 2 collimators would allow for a better efficiency than originally achievable). Scrapers were allocated for beam shaping and diagnostics. The required infrastructure was specified, including a powerful cooling system for the collimators