Face scanning and spontaneous emotion preference in Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome

Background Existing literature suggests differences in face scanning in individuals with different socio-behavioural characteristics. Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) are two genetically defined neurodevelopmental disorders with unique profiles of social behaviour. Methods Here, we examine eye gaze to the eye and mouth regions of neutrally expressive faces, as well as the spontaneous visual preference for happy and disgusted facial expressions compared to neutral faces, in individuals with CdLS versus RTS. Results Results indicate that the amount of time spent looking at the eye and mouth regions of faces was similar in 15 individuals with CdLS and 17 individuals with RTS. Both participant groups also showed a similar pattern of spontaneous visual preference for emotions. Conclusions These results provide insight into two rare, genetically defined neurodevelopmental disorders that have been reported to exhibit contrasting socio-behavioural characteristics and suggest that differences in social behaviour may not be sufficient to predict attention to the eye region of faces. These results also suggest that differences in the social behaviours of these two groups may be cognitively mediated rather than subcortically mediated

ÉTUDE D'ISOTOPES DE Rb ET Cs SÉPARÉS ISOTOPIQUEMENT « EN LIGNE »

Comme premiers résultats de spectroscopie nucléaire sur des isotopes séparés dont les périodes vont de quelques dixièmes de seconde à quelques minutes, nous avons obtenu à Orsay les périodes de 90 à 96Rb, 95, 96Sr, 96Y, 144Cs, 144Ba, 144La. De l'étude de la décroissance β de 90Rb et de celle de son spectre γ on déduit l'existence d'un état isomérique de 4,3 minutes pour 90Rb.Our first results of « on line » nuclear spectroscopy are the half-lives of 90 to 96Rb, 95, 96Sr, 96Y, 144Cs, 144Ba, 144La. These half-lives are between a few minutes and a few tenths of a second. From the β decay and the study of the γ spectrum we infer the existence of an isomeric state of 4.3 minutes for 90Rb

On the Validation of Computer Science Theories

We address normatively the demarcation problem for Computer Science: How can Computer Science research be conducted scientifically? First we attempt to delimit the subject matter of Computer Science, and conclude that it is not computers but programs. Since programs are not physical objects, it is difficult to see how they can be studied empirically. The rest of the paper is devoted to an explanation of how this can be done. This method is first illustrated by a hypothesis of narrow scope, analogous to a physical law. Next it is illustrated by a theory of wide scope — the Turing Machine model of computers. The approach is summarized in the conclusions.Chief of Naval Researc