6,494 research outputs found
Local orbital-angular-momentum dependent surface states with topological protection
Chiral surface states along the zigzag edge of a valley photonic crystal in
the honeycomb lattice are demonstrated. By decomposing the local fields into
orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, we find that the chiral surface states
present OAM-dependent unidirectional propagation characteristics. Particularly,
the propagation directivities of the surface states are quantified by the local
OAM decomposition and are found to depend on the chiralities of both the source
and surface states. These findings allow for the engineering control of the
unidirectional propagation of electromagnetic energy without requiring an
ancillary cladding layer. Furthermore, we examine the propagation of the chiral
surface states against sharp bends. It turns out that although only certain
states successfully pass through the bend, the unidirectional propagation is
well maintained due to the topology of the structure.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Enhancement of polarization in a spin-orbit coupling quantum wire with a constriction
We investigate the enhancement of spin polarization in a quantum wire in the
presence of a constriction and a spin-orbit coupling segment. It is shown that
the spin-filtering effect is significantly heightened in comparison with the
configuration without the constriction. It is understood in the studies that
the constriction structure plays a critical role in enhancing the spin
filtering by means of confining the incident electrons to occupy one channel
only while the outgoing electrons occupy two channels. The enhancement of
spin-filtering has also been analyzed within the perturbation theory. Because
the spin polarization arises mainly from the scattering between the
constriction and the segment with spin-orbit coupling, the sub-band mixing
induced by spin-orbit interaction in the scattering process and the
interferences result in higher spin-filtering effect.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
KN and KbarN Elastic Scattering in the Quark Potential Model
The KN and KbarN low-energy elastic scattering is consistently studied in the
framework of the QCD-inspired quark potential model. The model is composed of
the t-channel one-gluon exchange potential, the s-channel one-gluon exchange
potential and the harmonic oscillator confinement potential. By means of the
resonating group method, nonlocal effective interaction potentials for the KN
and KbarN systems are derived and used to calculate the KN and KbarN elastic
scattering phase shifts. By considering the effect of QCD renormalization, the
contribution of the color octet of the clusters (qqbar) and (qqq) and the
suppression of the spin-orbital coupling, the numerical results are in fairly
good agreement with the experimental data.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figure
Long-Term Monitoring of Slope Movements with Time-Domain Reflectometry Technology in Landslide Areas, Taiwan
The study employs time-domain reflectometry (TDR) technology for landslide monitoring to explore rock deformation mechanism and to estimate locations of potential sliding surfaces in several landslide areas, Taiwan, over ten years. Comparing to laboratory and field testing, sliding surfaces in landslide areas occurred mainly at two types, namely shear and extension failure. The TDR technology is used for field monitoring to analyze locations of sliding surfaces and to quantify the magnitude of the sliding through laboratory shear and extension tests. There are several TDR-monitoring stations in six alpine landslide areas in the middle of Taiwan for long-term monitoring. A relation between TDR reflection coefficients and shear displacements was employed for a localized shear deformation in the field. Furthermore, the type of a cable rupture for the TDR monitoring in landslides can be determined as shear, extension, or compound failure through the field TDR waveforms. Overall, the TDR technology is practically used for a long-term monitoring system to detect the location and magnitude of slope movement in landslide areas
Protein kinases modulate store-operated channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study investigates whether protein kinase G (PKG), protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) are involved in the regulatory mechanisms of store-operated channel (SOC) in pulmonary arteries.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were enzymatically dissociated from rat intralobar pulmonary arteries. Whole cell, cell-attached and inside-out patch-clamp electrophysiology were used to monitor SOCs in isolated PASMCs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Initially the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, 10 μM) initiated a whole cell current that was reduced by the SOC blocker SKF-96365 (10 μM). Subsequent work using both cell-attached and whole cell configurations revealed that the PKG and PKA inhibitors, KT5823 (3 μM) and H-89 (10 μM), also stimulated SOC activity; this augmentation was attenuated by the SOC blockers SKF-96365 (10 μM) and Ni<sup>2+ </sup>(0.1 mM). Finally using the inside-out configuration, the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10 μM) was confirmed to modestly stimulate SOC activity although this augmentation appeared to be more substantial following the application of 10 μM inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P<sub>3</sub>).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>SOC activity in PASMCs was stimulated by the inhibition of PKG and PKA and the activation of PKC. Our findings suggest that the SOC could be a substrate of these protein kinases, which therefore would regulate the intracellular concentration of calcium and pulmonary arteriopathy via SOC.</p
Optical Photometry of Type II-P Supernova 2004dj in NGC 2403
We present photometric data of the type II-P supernova (SN) 2004dj in NGC
2403. The multicolor light curves cover the SN from 60 to 200 days after
explosion, and are measured with a set of intermediate-band filters that have
the advantage of tracing the strength variations of some spectral features. The
light curves show a flat evolution in the middle of the plateau phase, then
decline exponentially at the late times, with a rate of 0.100.03 mag (10
days) in most of the filters. In the nebular phase, the spectral energy
distribution (SED) of SN 2004dj shows a steady increase in the flux near 6600
\AA and 8500 \AA, which may correspond to the emission lines of H and
Ca II near-IR triplet, respectively. The photometric behavior suggests that SN
2004dj is a normal SN II-P. Compared with the light curves of another typical
SN II-P 1999em, we estimate the explosion date to be June 1021 UT, 2004
(JD 245316721) for SN 2004dj. We also estimate the ejected nickel mass
during the explosion to be = 0.023 0.005
from two different methods, which is typical for a SN II-P. We derive the
explosion energy erg, the ejecta
mass , and the initial radius for the presupernova star of SN 2004dj,
which are consistent with other typical SNe II-P.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A
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