Возможности скрининга высокого риска поражения осевого скелета при псориатическом артрите

Objective: to determine a set of signs that are prognostically significant for identifying a high-risk axial skeletal lesion in early psoriatic arthritis (ePsA).Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 95 patients (47 men and 48 women) with peripheral arthritis lasting for ≤2 years, who met the 2006 Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR). The clinical characteristics of the patients were presented in our previously published work. In all the patients, a standard examination was made and the signs of inflammatory back pain (IBP) were identified according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria, the presence of human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) was determined, and pelvic bone X-ray was done; regardless of whether they had IBP, 79 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sacroiliac joints using a low-field Signa Ovation 0.35 T. Sacroiliitis (SI) diagnosed based on radiography (rSI) was considered reliable if there were bilateral changes corresponding to at least Stage II or unilateral changes corresponding to at least Stage III according to the Kellgren system. SI diagnosed based on MRI (MRI-SI) was regarded as active when osteitis was detected in the STIR mode in the bones adjacent to the joint on at least two slices or in the presence of two signals in a slice. X-ray and MRI results were assessed by an independent radiologist. The extent of a skin lesion was determined from the body surface area (BSA): the extent was regarded insignificant, moderate, and significant with involvements of <3%, 3–10%, and >10%, respectively.The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 65 (68.4%) patients with the manifestations of axial PsA (axPSA): IBP, and/or rSI, and/or MRI-SI; Group 2 consisted of 30 (31.6%) patients without axial manifestations, only with peripheral PsA (pPsA). Multivariate stepwise discriminant analysis was used to identify a group of signs that were most characteristic of axPsA.Results and discussion. Comparative analysis of the two groups showed that there were more males among patients with axPsA than among those with pPsA (39 (60%) and 8 (26.7%), respectively) (p=0.003). HLA-B27 positivity was also more often detected in patients with axPSA than in those with pPsA (30 (46.6%) and 7 (23.3%) patients, respectively) (p=0.02). In the axPSA group, there were significantly more individuals with moderate and high DAS, high CRP levels, and a more severe skin lesion (BSA >3%).The investigators obtained the following discriminant classification rule associated with axPSA: 1.566 (if CRP is >5 mg/L) + 0.957 (if HLA-B27 is positive) + 0.986 (if BSA is >3%) + 1.845 (if DAS is moderate or high) + 0.6 (if the sex is male) >3.751 (p=0.0025). The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 68% and 73%, respectively.Conclusion. The combination of signs, such as male sex, HLA-B27 positivity, high or moderate DAS, CRP >5 mg/L, the extent of skin lesions according to BSA >3%, is prognostically significant for identifying high-risk axial skeletal lesion in ePSA. The proposed mathematical model can be used to screen patients for the early diagnosis of an axial lesion in ePSA.Цель исследования – определение совокупности признаков, прогностически значимых для выявления высокого риска поражения осевого скелета при раннем псориатическом артрите (рПсА).Пациенты и методы. Обследовано 95 больных (47 мужчин и 48 женщин) с длительностью периферического артрита ≤2 лет, соответствовавших критериям ПсА CASPAR (2006). Клиническая характеристика пациентов была представлена в ранее опубликованной работе. Всем пациентам проводили стандартное обследование, определение признаков воспалительной боли в спине (ВБС) по критериям ASAS, а также наличия HLA-B27, рентгенографию костей таза; 79 пациентам, независимо от наличия у них ВБС, выполняли магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ) крестцово-подвздошных суставов на низкопольном аппарате Signa Ovation 0,35 Т. Сакроилиит (СИ) по данным рентгенографии (рСИ) считался достоверным при наличии двусторонних изменений, соответствующих как минимум II стадии, или односторонних изменений как минимум III стадии по Kellgren. СИ по данным МРТ (МРТ-СИ) расценивался как активный при выявлении в режиме STIR остеита в прилежащих к суставу костях как минимум на двух срезах или при наличии двух сигналов на одном срезе. Результаты рентгенографии и МРТ оценивались независимым рентгенологом. Площадь поражения кожи определилась по BSA: при вовлечении <3% она считалась незначительной, 3–10% – умеренной и >10% распространенной.Пациенты были разделены на две группы. В 1-ю группу вошли 65 (68,4%) больных с аксиальными проявлениями ПсА (аксПсА): ВБС, и/или рСИ, и/или МРТ-СИ; во 2-ю – 30 (31,6%) пациентов без аксиальных проявлений, только с периферическим ПсА (пПсА). Для выделения группы признаков, наиболее характерных для аксПсА, был использован многомерный пошаговый дискриминантный анализ. Результаты и обсуждение. Сравнительный анализ двух групп показал, что среди больных с аксПсА было значимо больше лиц мужского пола, чем при пПсА: 39 (60%) и 8 (26,7%) соответственно (р=0,003). Позитивность по HLA-В27 также чаще выявлялась при аксПсА, чем при пПсА: у 30 (46,6%) и у 7 (23,3%) пациентов соответственно (р=0,02). В группе аксПсА было достоверно больше лиц с умеренной и высокой активностью заболевания по DAS, высоким уровнем СРБ и более тяжелым поражением кожи (BSA >3%). Получено следующее дискриминантное классификационное правило, ассоциированное с аксПсА: 1,566 (если СРБ >5 мг/л) + 0,957 (если HLA B-27+) + 0,986 (если BSA >3%) + 1,845 (если активность по DAS умеренная или высокая) + 0,6 (если пол мужской) >3,751 (p=0,0025). Чувствительность модели составила 68%, специфичность – 73%.Заключение. Совокупность таких признаков, как мужской пол, позитивность по HLA-B27, высокая или умеренная активность по индексу DAS, СРБ >5 мг/л, BSA >3%, прогностически значима для выявления высокого риска поражения осевого скелета при рПсА. Предложенная математическая модель может использоваться для скрининга пациентов с целью ранней диагностики аксиального поражения при рПсА

Clinical and functional features and quality of life in depressive disorders in patients undergoing pulmonary thromboendarterectomy

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and functional parameters and quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), depending on the presence of a depressive disorder in long-term postoperative period.Material and methods. The study included 182 patients with CTEPH in the long term after surgery. Depending on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 ( PHQ-9) data, all patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group — patients without depressive syndrome in the long-term postoperative period, the 2nd — patients with depressive syndrome. A comparative assessment of the initial clinical and functional characteristics, as well as QoL was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire in both groups of patients. In patients who had a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comparative assessment using the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale was carried out.Results. Clinically relevant depressive syndrome in patients with CTEPH in the long term after surgery was registered in 25,3% of cases. In the 2nd group of patients, prior myocardial infarction (p=0,02), concomitant chronic cerebrovascular disease (p=0,01), as well as moderate and severe post-COVID-19 functional limitations according to the PCFS scale (p=0,004) were significantly more often recorded compared with the 1st group. In the 2nd group of patients, the level of QoL in almost all parameters was significantly lower in comparison with the 1st group (p<0,05). Decreased QoL (score <40) in the 2nd group concerned numerous parameters, including the physical and mental health components. In the 1st group of patients, reduced QoL was observed only in some physical parameters.Conclusion. The group of patients with CTEPH with depressive syndrome in the long-term postoperative period was characterized by a higher incidence of concomitant chronic cerebrovascular disease and a history of myocardial infarction compared with patients without depressive disorders. In the group of patients with depressive disorders, moderate and severe post-COVID-19 functional limitations according to the PCFS scale were more often observed. Depressive disorders in patients with CTEPH in the long-term postoperative period were accompanied by significantly reduced QoL parameters. Patients experienced the greatest difficulties both during normal daily activities and in professional activities

THE STATE OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE LEVEL OF COMORBIDITY IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

The aim of the study was to investigate the nutritive status and identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients on hemodialysis. Material and methods. 144 patients on program hemodialysis were examined. All patients underwent general clinical and laboratory examination, lipid profile was examined, body mass index was calculated, waist and hip circumference was measured, ratio of waist circumference to the circumference of hip was determined, abdominal integral multi-frequency bioimpedansometry and multispiral computed tomography were performed. Results. Gender features of distribution of abdominal adipose tissue and dyslipidemia in patients on program hemodialysis were revealed. Women have a predominant accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, while men are characterized by a proportional distribution of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in the abdominal area. Women compared to men have higher rates of atherogenic lipoprotein fractions, which level is closely related to the volume of visceral adipose tissue. Among the comorbidities in the examined patients, diseases of the cardiovascular system predominate. The regression analysis revealed that the most significant risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease is an increase in lowdensity lipoproteins, for chronic heart failure – an increase in waist circumference. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the need to monitor the nutritional status of patients on hemodialysis to identify and correct risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Myocardial revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: a single-center prospective cohort study

Aim. To assess the outcomes of myocardial revascularization (MR) and identify risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Material and methods. The study included 769 patients aged 67,0±4,4 years with CAD with ACS in the period from April to October 2020. In an expedited manner, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (n=699) and on pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (n=70) were performed. All patients underwent a COVID-19 rapid tests. After MR, the following outcomes were recorded: adverse cardiovascular events and other complications; various surgical interventions; bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia; death. The follow-up period lasted 30 days.Results. During the hospitalization, COVID-19 was detected in 5,3% of patients (n=41). Among them, bilateral multisegmental pneumonia developed in 48,8%. Among infected patients, COVID-19-related mortality in the early postoperative period was 9,8%. The all-cause mortality rate was 0,7%. On pump CABG significantly increases the risk of developing COVID-19 pneumonia (odds ratio (OR), 23,2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 14,2-35,4; p<0,001). After MR, COVID-19 pneumonia was associated with respiratory (OR, 7,6; 95% CI, 4,3-11,5; p=0,001) and heart failure (OR, 4,2; 95% CI, 2,9-8,6; p=0,001), atrial fibrillation (OR, 8,3; 95% CI, 4,1-13,9; p=0,001), as well as with all-cause mortality (OR, 10,3; 95% CI, 5,2-16,7; p=0,005). Recurrent transmural myocardial infarction in patients with CAD was associated with heart failure after MR (OR, 7,1; 95% CI, 2,4-12,6; p=0,012).Conclusion. Conducting on pump CABG in patients with CAD with ACS is the leading trigger for developing COVID-19 pneumonia, which, during hospitalization after MR, was associated not only with respiratory complications, but also with impaired heart function, which significantly increases the death risk in this category of patients

Факторы, ассоциированные с достижением приемлемого качества жизни, связанного со здоровьем, в лечении больных псориатическим артритом

Objective: to analyze factors associated with the achievement of acceptable health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) 7 years after the start of observation.Material and methods. The study included 53 patients (28 women, 25 men) with PsA who met the 2006 CASPAR criteria. The mean age of patients was 45.7±12.0 years, the median duration of PsA was 90 [72; 99] months, and the observation period was 81 [61; 91] months. The study included patients in early stage of PsA (duration up to 2 years), who were treated according to the “treat-to-target” strategy (T2T) for 24 months. Subsequently, all patients continued therapy according to the standards of medical care under the supervision of the treating physician. Over time, a standard rheumatological examination was performed. Activity of PsA was assessed by DAPSA, psoriasis by BSA, HRQoL by Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID-12); body mass index (BMI, kg/m2 ) and functional status by HAQ were also assessed. PsAID-12 ≤4 corresponded to achieving a Patient Acceptable State Status (PASS). The results were analyzed in two groups of patients: PsAID-12 ≤4 and PsAID-12 >4. The number of patients (%) who achieved minimal disease activity (MDA) after 1–2 years of active treatment and after 7 years was assessed. X-rays of the hands and feet (n=42) were performed using standard methods, changes were assessed using the Sharp/van der Heijde method modified for PsA (m-Sharp/van der Heijde).Results and discussion. After 7 years, 38 (71.7%) of 53 patients were found to have PASS. Patients who achieved PASS had significantly lower PsA and psoriasis activity, lower CRP levels, lower m-Sharp/van der Heijde scores, better functional status and HRQoL, and lower BMI at baseline. Factors associated with achieving PASS were identified: absence of nail psoriasis, BSA ≤3%, CRP ≤5 mg/l, number of swollen joints ≤3, number of painful joints ≤5, HAQ ≤0.5 at baseline and after 24 months, and achievement of MDA during the first 12 months of treatment.Conclusion. The majority of PsA patients treated at an early stage according to T2T principles had PASS, which is associated with low disease activity, fewer joint erosions, better functional status and achievement of MDA during the first 12 months of therapy. These factors should be considered when predicting disease progression.Цель исследования – проанализировать факторы, ассоциированные с достижением приемлемого качества жизни, связанного со здоровьем (КЖСЗ), у больных псориатическим артритом (ПсА) через 7 лет после начала наблюдения.Материал и методы. В исследование включено 53 пациента (28 женщин, 25 мужчин) с ПсА, соответствовавших критериям CASPAR 2006 г. Средний возраст больных – 45,7±12,0 лет, медиана длительности ПсА – 90 [72; 99] мес, длительности наблюдения – 81 [61; 91] мес. В исследование отбирали пациентов на ранней стадии ПсА (длительность – до 2 лет), лечение проводили в соответствии со стратегией «Лечение до достижения цели» (Treat-to-Target, Т2Т) в течение 24 мес. В дальнейшем все пациенты продолжали терапию по стандартам оказания медицинской помощи под наблюдением лечащего врача. Выполняли стандартное ревматологическое обследование в динамике. Определяли активность ПсА по DAPSA, псориаза по BSA, КЖСЗ по PsAID-12, оценивали индекс массы тела (ИМТ, кг/м2), функциональный статус по HAQ. Показатель PsAID-12 ≤4 соответствовал достижению приемлемого для пациента состояния (Patient Acceptable State Status, PASS). Результаты анализировали в двух группах пациентов: PsAID-12 ≤4 и PsAID-12 >4. Оценивали количество пациентов (в %), достигших минимальной активности болезни (МАБ) после 1–2 лет активного лечения и через 7 лет. Выполняли рентгенографию кистей и стоп (n=42) стандартными методами, изменения оценивали по методу Sharp/van der Heijde, модифицированному для ПсА (m-Sharp/van der Heijde).Результаты и обсуждение. Через 7 лет PASS зафиксировано у 38 (71,7%) из 53 больных. Пациенты, достигшие PASS, характеризовались значимо меньшей активностью ПсА и псориаза, более низким уровнем СРБ, меньшим счетом по m-Sharp/van der Heijde, лучшим функциональным статусом и КЖСЗ, а также исходно более низким ИМТ. Выявлены факторы, ассоциированные с достижением PASS: отсутствие псориаза ногтей, BSA ≤3%, СРБ ≤5 мг/л, число припухших суставов ≤3, число болезненных суставов ≤5, HAQ ≤0,5 исходно и через 24 мес, а также достижение МАБ в течение первых 12 мес лечения.Заключение. У большинства пациентов с ПсА, получивших лечение на ранней стадии по принципам Т2Т, констатировано PASS, что ассоциируется с низкой активностью заболевания, меньшим числом эрозий суставов, лучшим функциональным статусом и достижением МАБ в первые 12 мес терапии. Данные факторы следует учитывать при прогнозировании течения заболевания

Stimulation of processes of self-propagating high temperature synthesis in system Ti+Al at low temperatures by influence of [gamma]-quanta

In the present work, the influence of the irradiation with gamma-quanta 60Со upon the structural and phase state of the components of the mechanically activated powder composition of Ti+Al is investigated. The phase composition, structural parameters, and crystallinity are examined by means of X-ray diffractometry. It is found out that the irradiation with gamma-quanta changes the structure of the mechanically activated powder composition. The higher irradiation dose, the higher the structure crystallinity of both components with no change in phase state. At the same time, the parameters of Ti and Al crystal lattices approach to the initial parameters observed before the mechanical activation. The irradiation with gammaquanta leads to decrease of internal stresses in the mechanically activated powder composition while nanocrystallinity of the structure remains unchanged. Using of powder compositions exposed to the irradiation with gamma-quanta for the SH-synthesis helps to increase speed of the reaction, decrease the peak firing temperature and improve homogeneity, as well as the main phase of the produced material is TiAl

The creation and characterization of the bread wheat line with a centric translocation T2DL.2RL

The development of bread wheat introgressions with alien genetic material from cultural and wild Triticeae species is an effective method for expanding the wheat gene pool necessary for breeding. To date, numerous collections of introgressions as substitutions and chromosome modifications have been obtained; however, the creation and study of wheat with new valuable traits still remain an important line of research. Rye Secale cereale L., whose chromosomes carry genes that control valuable economic and biological characteristics and properties, is widely used to produce new wheat forms. In this study, a wheat-rye translocation obtained by backcrossing the wheat-rye disomic-substitution line 2R(2D)1 with the variety Novosibirskaya 67 was characterized. The chromosomal composition of karyotypes was studied using fluorescent in situ hybridization and C-banding. Two centric translocations, derived from two long arms of chromosomes 2D and 2R, T2DL.2RL, were identified, the remaining 40 wheat chromosomes did not undergo modifications. Meiosis in the lines was stable. Chromosomes T2DL.2RL formed bivalents in all meiocytes, which confirmed their homology. The morphological characteristics of the spike in the T2DL.2RL line and Novosibirskaya 67 did not differ. A comparative analysis of productivity between the T2DL.2RL translocation line and the parental forms, Novosibirskaya 67 and the 2R(2D)1 line, was carried out. The T2DL.2RL line is inferior to Novosibirskaya 67 in all characters with different confidence levels. The productivity characters of the 2R(2D)1 line exceeded or did not differ from those of T2DL.2RL, however, the mass of 1000 grains was significantly lower. The results showed the effect of the T2DL.2RL translocation on the trait “plant height”. This character was significantly lower than that of Novosibirskaya 67 in two vegetation periods. Consequently, the T2DL.2RL translocation reduces plant height and productivity

Достижение минимальной активности болезни при псориатическом артрите в зависимости от времени назначения синтетических базисных противовоспалительных препаратов, сравнительный анализ эффективности пероральной и подкожной форм метотрексата. Данные Общероссийского регистра пациентов с псориатическим артритом

The goal of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) therapy is to achieve remission or minimal disease activity (MDA). According to the EULAR guidelines, synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (sDMARDs), methotrexate (MTX) in particular, are first-line therapy for PsA.Objective: to study the rate of MDA achievement after initiation of sDMARD therapy in patients with early- and late-stage PsA and the efficacy of oral and parenteral MTX.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 253 patients (93 men and 160 women) diagnosed with PsA who met the appropriate 2006 CASPAR (ClASsification criteria for Psoriatic ARthritis) criteria and were recorded in the All-Russian PsA Registry. The median (Me) age was 47 (Min 20 – Max 82) years. All the patients took sDMARDs: MTX (n=211) that was received orally (as tablets) (n=102) and parenterally (n=109); leflunomide (n=7); sulfasalazine (n=24); apremilast (n=10); and tofacitinib (n=1). According to the disease duration at sDMARD treatment initiation, the patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 165 patients with an early PsA duration of less than 2 years and Group 2 consisted of 88 patients with a disease duration of >2 years. The efficiency of oral and parenteral MTX was evaluated in 182 patients (68 men and 114 women). Every 6 months, the patients underwent a standard rheumatology examination that included PsA activity assessment. The efficiency of MTX therapy was evaluated from MDA achievement (5 out of the 7 criteria) in the patients.Results and discussion. After sDMARD prescription, MDA was achieved in 39 (24%) of the 165 patients with early PsA and in 4 (5%) of the 88 long-term patients. The patients who started sDMARD at an early stage of the disease were significantly more likely to achieve MDA than those with late-stage PsA (odds ratio (OR) 6.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–18.9). At 11 years after sDMARD therapy initiation, the cumulative MDA achievement rate in the patients with late-stage disease was 5% (p<0.05). MDA was achieved by 16.5% of the 182 patients receiving oral or subcutaneous MTX. MDA was observed in 25 (31%) patients who received parenteral MTX and in only 5 (5%) patients who took oral MTX. The patients who received parenteral MTX were significantly more likely to achieve MDA than those who took oral MTX as tablets (OR 8.8; 95% CI 3.2–24.3). Following 27-month parenteral MTX therapy, the cumulative rate of MDA achievement was 48%, whereas after oral MTX treatment, that was 7% (p<0.05). In the patients who achieved MDA, the mean dose of parenteral MTX was 17 mg/week, and in those who failed, that was 15 mg/week. The mean dose of oral MTX was 15 mg/week, regardless of MDA achievement.Conclusion. The administration of sDMARD at an early stage of PsA lasting less than 2 years allows MDA to be achieved significantly more often and faster than at later stages of the disease. Among sDMARDs, preference is mostly given to the use of MTX in real clinical practice; the treatment with the latter enables 16.5% of patients to achieve MDA. Parenteral MTX significantly enhances the efficiency of therapy and can achieve MDA in almost one third (31%) of patients.Целью терапии псориатического артрита (ПсА) является достижение ремиссии или минимальной активности болезни (МАБ). В соответствии с рекомендациями EULAR синтетические базисные противовоспалительные препараты (сБПВП), в частности метотрексат (МТ), являются первой линией терапии (ПсА).Цель исследования – изучение частоты достижения МАБ после инициации терапии сБПВП у больных с ранней и поздней стадиями ПсА и эффективности перорального и парентерального применения МТ.Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 253 пациента (93 мужчины и 160 женщин) с диагнозом ПсА, соответствующим критериям CASPAR (2006), наблюдающихся в Общероссийском регистре пациентов с ПсА. Медиана (Me) возраста составила 47 (Min 20 – Max 82) лет. Все пациенты получали сБПВП: МТ – 211 пациентов, из них 102 в таблетированной форме и 109 парентерально; лефлуномид – 7, сульфасалазин – 24, апремиласт – 10, тофацитиниб – 1. В зависимости от длительности болезни в момент инициации терапии cБПВП пациенты были разделены на две группы. В 1-ю группу вошли 165 больных ранним ПсА с длительностью болезни ≤2 года, во 2-ю группу – 88 пациентов с длительностью болезни >2 лет. У 182 пациентов (68 мужчин и 114 женщин) была оценена эффективность таблетированной и парентеральной форм МТ. Каждые 6 мес больным проводилось стандартное ревматологическое обследование, включавшее оценку активности ПсА. Эффективность терапии МТ оценивалась по достижению больными МАБ (5 критериев из 7).Результаты и обсуждение. МАБ после назначения сБПВП достигли 39 (24%) из 165 больных ранним ПсА и 4 (5%) из 88 длительно болеющих пациентов. Пациенты, начавшие принимать сБПВП на ранней стадии болезни, значимо чаще достигали MAБ, чем пациенты с поздней стадией ПсА (отношение шансов, OШ 6,5; 95% доверительный интервал, ДИ 2,2–18,9). Через 11 лет после начала терапии сБПВП у пациентов с поздней стадией заболевания кумулятивная частота достижения MAБ составила 5% (p<0,05). Из 182 больных, получавших МТ в пероральной или подкожной форме, 16,5% достигли МАБ. На фоне парентерального введения МТ МАБ отмечена у 25 (31%) пациентов, тогда как при пероральном применении МТ – только у 5 (5%). Пациенты, получавшие МТ парентерально, значимо чаще достигали МАБ, чем получавшие МТ в таблетированной форме (ОШ 8,8; 95% ДИ 3,2–24,3). За 27 мес терапии парентеральным МТ кумулятивная частота достижения МАБ составила 48%, тогда как при пероральном приеме – 7% (p<0,05). У пациентов, достигших МАБ, средняя доза парентерального МТ составила 17 мг/нед, а у не достигших МАБ – 15 мг/нед. Средняя доза пероральной формы МТ равнялась 15 мг/нед независимо от достижения МАБ.Заключение. Назначение сБПВП при раннем ПсА, длительностью ≤2 года, позволяет достигать МАБ значимо чаще и быстрее, чем на более поздних стадиях заболевания. В реальной клинической практике из сБПВП в большинстве случаев назначается МТ, на фоне лечения которым 16,5% больных достигают МАБ. Применение парентеральной формы МТ значимо повышает эффективность терапии и позволяет достичь МАБ практически у трети (31%) больных

Функциональное состояние кардиореспираторной системы после ортотопической трансплантации сердца с длительной холодовой ишемией трансплантата

Objective: to assess the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system in the long term after orthotopic heart transplantation (HT) with prolonged cold ischemia time. Materials and methods. The results of 60 orthotopic HTs performed at Meshalkin National Medical Research Center were analyzed. A comparison was made of the immediate and long-term outcomes of HTs in the group with cold ischemia time lasting for less than 240 minutes and in those with farther distance between donor and recipient sites with cold ischemia time of 240 minutes or more. In the long-term follow-up after HT, all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, body plethysmography, assessment of the diffusing capacity of the lungs, and quality of life assessment. Results. Prolonged cold ischemia showed a negative effect on the early postoperative period – decreased myocardial contractility on postoperative day 1 and longer duration of inotropic support. At the same time, the survival rate and incidence of graft rejection reactions in the early and late post-HT periods in the studied groups did not differ significantly. Peak oxygen consumption in the general group in the long term after HT was 17 (14.7–21.0) mL/kg/min, VE/ VCO2 slope was 30 (29–36) at 100 (90–120) W threshold load power. All the parameters of pulmonary function tests did not differ significantly depending on cold ischemia duration. Quality of life also did not show significant differences depending on the duration of graft ischemia in terms of both physical and psycho-emotional health components of the SF-36 questionnaire. Conclusion. Long-term cold ischemia of the graft did not show any negative impact on the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system and quality of life in the long term after HT. The studied group of recipients was characterized by high efficiency of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange, as well as high tolerance to physical activity in the long-term post-HT period.Цель. Оценка функционального состояния кардиореспираторной системы в отдаленные сроки после ортотопической трансплантации сердца (ТС) с длительной холодовой ишемией трансплантата. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты 60 ортотопических ТС, выполненных в ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. акад. Е.Н. Мешалкина» Минздрава России. Проведено сравнение непосредственных и отдаленных результатов ТС в группах с холодовой ишемией трансплантата менее 240 минут и при дистанционном изъятии с холодовой ишемией 240 минут и более. В отдаленные сроки после ТС всем пациентам проведено кардиопульмональное нагрузочное тестирование, бодиплетизмография, оценка диффузионной способности легких, оценка качества жизни. Результаты. Длительная холодовая ишемия донорского сердца показала негативное влияние на ранний послеоперационный период ТС в виде снижения сократительной способности миокарда в первые сутки после операции и увеличения длительности инотропной поддержки. При этом выживаемость и частота развития реакций отторжения трансплантата в ранние и отдаленные сроки после ТС в изучаемых группах значимо не различалась. Пиковое потребление кислорода в отдаленные сроки после ТС в общей группе составило 17 (14,7–21,0) мл/мин/кг, VE/VCO2 slope – 30 (29–36) при пороговой мощности нагрузки 100 (90–120) Вт. Все параметры легочных функциональных тестов не имели значимых отличий в зависимости от длительности холодовой ишемии. Качество жизни также не показало значимых различий в зависимости от длительности ишемии трансплантата как по физическому, так и психоэмоциональному компонентам здоровья опросника SF-36. Заключение. Длительная холодовая ишемия трансплантата не показала отрицательного влияния на функциональное состояние кардиореспираторной системы и качество жизни в отдаленные сроки после ТС. Изучаемая группа реципиентов характеризовалась высокой эффективностью легочной вентиляции и газообмена, а также высокой толерантностью к физическим нагрузкам в отдаленные сроки после ТС

Kuzbass Economic Diversification: The Concept of Development Corridors

В статье исследуются особенности процессов диверсификации экономики в Кузбассе (Кемеровская область), крупнейшей в Азиатской России углепромышленной территории, в контексте анализа текущего этапа пространственного развития региона. В частности, диверсификация рассматривается через призму подходов, развиваемых в рамках современной экономической географии, региональной экономики в части теории коридоров развития. Предложена авторская трактовка коридоров развития, которые способны активизировать процессы диверсификации путем стимулирования экономического сотрудничества, в том числе межмуниципальной, межрегиональной и международной кооперации. Показано, что двухъядерная агломерация, сформировавшаяся в Кузбассе, не способствует созданию новых внутрирегиональных коридоров развития. Основное внимание должно быть уделено организации коридоров развития в рамках Южно-Сибирской конурбации. Кроме того, Кемеровской области целесообразно продвигать идеи создания собственных международных коридоров развития. Таким образом, коридоры развития способны стать важным дополнением к уже действующим и создаваемым в Кузбассе институтам территориального развитияThe article examines the peculiarities of the economic diversification processes in Kuzbass (Kemerovo Oblast), the largest coal-producing territory in Asian Russia, while analyzing the current stage of the region’s spatial development. Specifically, diversification is considered from the perspective of the approaches developed within contemporary economic geography and regional economics in the theory of development corridors. The author offers an interpretation of development corridors as those that intensify the processes of diversification by stimulating various types of economic cooperation, which include inter-municipal, interregional, and international. It is shown that the double-core agglomeration that has emerged in Kuzbass does not contribute to the creation of new intraregional development corridors. Priority should be given to the organization of development corridors within the South Siberian conurbation. In addition, Kemerovo Oblast is advised to promote the idea of creating its own international development corridors. Thus, development corridors may become an important complement to the already existing and established institutions of territorial development in Kuzbas