5,472 research outputs found
ac Josephson effect in asymmetric superconducting quantum point contacts
We investigate ac Josephson effects between two superconductors connected by
a single-mode quantum point contact, where the gap amplitudes in the two
superconductors are unequal. In these systems, it was found in previous studies
on the dc effects that, besides the Andreev bound-states, the continuum states
can also contribute to the current. Using the quasiclassical formulation, we
calculate the current-voltage characteristics for general transmission of
the point contact. To emphasize bound versus continuum states, we examine in
detail the low bias, ballistic (D=1) limit. It is shown that in this limit the
current-voltage characteristics can be determined from the current-phase
relation, if we pay particular attention to the different behaviors of these
states under the bias voltage. For unequal gap configurations, the continuum
states give rise to non-zero sine components. We also demonstrate that in this
limit the temperature dependence of the dc component follows
, where is the smaller gap, with the
contribution coming entirely from the bound state.Comment: To appear in PR
Edge State, Entanglement Entropy Spectra and Critical Hopping Coupling of Anisotropic Honeycomb Lattice
For a bipartite honeycomb lattice, we show that the Berry phase depends not
only on the shape of the system but also on the hopping couplings. Using the
entanglement entropy spectra obtained by diagonalizing the block Green's
function matrices, the maximal entangled state with the eigenvalue
of the reduced density matrix is shown to have one-to-one
correspondence to the zero energy states of the lattice with open boundaries,
which depends on the Berry phase. For the systems with finite bearded edges
along -direction we find critical hopping couplings: the maximal entangled
states (zero-energy states) appear pair by pair if one increases the hopping
coupling over the critical couplings s.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Dimerized and trimerized phases for spin-2 Bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice
We study the phase diagram for spin-2 bosons loaded in a one-dimensional
optical lattice. By using non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group
(DMRG) method we identify three possible phases: ferromagnetic, dimerized, and
trimerized phases. We sketch the phase boundaries based on DMRG. We illustrate
two methods for identifying the phases. The first method is based on the
spin-spin correlation function while in the second method one observes the
excitation gap as a dimerization or a trimerization superlattice is imposed.
The advantage of the second method is that it can also be easily implemented in
experiments. By using the scattering lengths in the literature we estimate that
Rb, Na, and Rb be ferromagnetic, dimerized, and trimerized
respectively.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Add acknowledgemen
The Particulate Methane Monooxygenase from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) Is a Novel Copper-containing Three-subunit Enzyme: isolation and charactization
The particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is known to be very difficult to study mainly due to its unusual activity instability in vitro. By cultivating Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) under methane stress conditions and high copper levels in the growth medium, membranes highly enriched in the pMMO with exceptionally stable activity can be isolated from these cells. Purified and active pMMO can be subsequently obtained from these membrane preparations using protocols in which an excess of reductants and anaerobic conditions were maintained during membrane solubilization by dodecyl beta-D-maltoside and purification by chromatography. The pMMO was found to be the major constituent in these membranes, constituting 60-80% of total membrane proteins. The dominant species of the pMMO was found to consist of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, with an apparent molecular mass of 45, 26, and 23 kDa, respectively. A second species of the pMMO, a proteolytically processed version of the enzyme, was found to be composed of three subunits, alpha', beta, and gamma, with an apparent molecular mass of 35, 26, and 23 kDa, respectively. The alpha and alpha' subunits from these two forms of the pMMO contain identical N-terminal sequences. The gamma subunit, however, exhibits variation in its N-terminal sequence. The pMMO is a copper-containing protein only and shows a requirement for Cu(I) ions. Approximately 12-15 Cu ions per 94-kDa monomeric unit were observed. The pMMO is sensitive to dioxygen tension. On the basis of dioxygen sensitivity, three kinetically distinct forms of the enzyme can be distinguished. A slow but air-stable form, which is converted into a "pulsed" state upon direct exposure to atmospheric oxygen pressure, is considered as type I pMMO. This form was the subject of our pMMO isolation effort. Other forms (types II and III) are deactivated to various extents upon exposure to atmospheric dioxygen pressure. Under inactivating conditions, these unstable forms release protons to the buffer (~10 H+/94-kDa monomeric unit) and eventually become completely inactive
Phase diagram of asymmetric Fermi gas across Feshbach resonance
We study the phase diagram of the dilute two-component Fermi gas at zero
temperature as a function of the polarization and coupling strength. We map out
the detailed phase separations between superfluid and normal states near the
Feshbach resonance. We show that there are three different coexistence of
superfluid and normal phases corresponding to phase separated states between:
(I) the partially polarized superfluid and the fully polarized normal phases,
(II) the unpolarized superfluid and the fully polarized normal phases and (III)
the unpolarized superfluid and the partially polarized normal phases from
strong-coupling BEC side to weak-coupling BCS side. For pairing between two
species, we found this phase separation regime gets wider and moves toward the
BEC side for the majority species are heavier but shifts to BCS side and
becomes narrow if they are lighter.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to LT25 on June 200
Resonant pairing between Fermions with unequal masses
We study the pairing between Fermions of different masses, especially at the
unitary limit. At equal populations, the thermodynamic properties are identical
with the equal mass case provided an appropriate rescaling is made. At unequal
populations, for sufficiently light majority species, the system does not phase
separate. For sufficiently heavy majority species, the phase separated normal
phase have a density larger than that of the superfluid. For atoms in harmonic
traps, the density profiles for unequal mass Fermions can be drastically
different from their equal-mass counterparts.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic Field Effect on the Supercurrent of an SNS junction
In this paper we study the effect of a Zeeman field on the supercurrent of a
mesoscopic SNS junction. It is shown that the supercurrent suppression is due
to a redistribution of current-carrying states in energy space. A dramatic
consequence is that (part of the) the suppressed supercurrent can be recovered
with a suitable non-equilibrium distribution of quasiparticles.Comment: 4 figures in postscrip
Quantum Critical Spin-2 Chain with Emergent SU(3) Symmetry
We study the quantum critical phase of a SU(2) symmetric spin-2 chain
obtained from spin-2 bosons in a one-dimensional lattice. We obtain the scaling
of the entanglement entropy and finite-size energies by exact diagonalization
and density-matrix renormalization group methods. From the numerical results of
the energy spectrum, central charge, and scaling dimension we identify the
conformal field theory describing the whole critical phase to be the SU(3)
Wess-Zumino-Witten model. We find that while in the whole critical phase the
Hamiltonian is only SU(2) invariant, there is an emergent SU(3) symmetry in the
thermodynamic limit
Superfluid stability in BEC-BCS crossover
We consider a dilute atomic gas of two species of fermions with unequal
concentrations under a Feshbach resonance. We find that the system can have
distinct properties due to the unbound fermions. The uniform state is stable
only when either (a) beyond a critical coupling strength, where it is a gapless
superfluid, or (b) when the coupling strength is sufficiently weak, where it is
a normal Fermi gas mixture. Phase transition(s) must therefore occur when the
resonance is crossed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Comment on "Is the nonlinear Meissner effect unobservable?"
In a recent Letter (Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, p.5640 (1998), cond-mat/9808249 v3),
it was suggested that nonlocal effects may prevent observation of the nonlinear
Meissner effect in YBCO. We argue that this claim is incorrect with regards to
measurements of the nonlinear transverse magnetic moment, and that the most
likely reason for a null result lies elsewhere.Comment: 1 pag
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