A description of a system of programs for mathematically processing on unified series (YeS) computers photographic images of the Earth taken from spacecraft

A description of a batch of programs for the YeS-1040 computer combined into an automated system for processing photo (and video) images of the Earth's surface, taken from spacecraft, is presented. Individual programs with the detailed discussion of the algorithmic and programmatic facilities needed by the user are presented. The basic principles for assembling the system, and the control programs are included. The exchange format within whose framework the cataloging of any programs recommended for the system of processing will be activated in the future is displayed

Ultraviolet photometry of Venus: Scattering layer above the absorbing clouds

Experimental measurements by ultraviolet photometers aboard Venera-9 and -10 are presented, discussed, and compared with various theoretical models of the ultraviolet structure of the atmosphere of Venus. The model in best agreement with observation provides for a finely dispersed, 8 km thick Rayleigh scattering layer above the primary cloud cover. Dark contrast details are considered to be breaks or areas of lower optical thickness in the upper scattering layer

An Analysis of the Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere of Venus on an AMS of the Venera-12 Using a Gas Chromatograph

Eight analyses of the atmosphere of Venus were made beginning at an altitude of 42 km right down to the surface of the planet. The following were detected in the atmosphere of Venus: nitrogen in concentrations of 2.5 plus or minus 0.5 volumetric %, argon ir concentrations (4 plus or minus 2) x 10 to the minus 3 power volumetric %, CO--(2.8 plus or minus 1.4) x 10 to the minus 3 power volumetric % and SO2 in concentrations (1.3 plus or minus 0.6) x 10 to the minus 2 power volumetric %. The upper limits were estimated for the content of oxygen and water equal to 2 x 10 to the minus 3 power and 10 to the minus 2 power volumetric %, respectively

Automated search for star clusters in large multiband surveys: II. Discovery and investigation of open clusters in the Galactic plane

Automated search for star clusters in J,H,K_s data from 2MASS catalog has been performed using the method developed by Koposov et. al (2008). We have found and verified 153 new clusters in the interval of the galactic latitude -24 < b < 24 degrees. Color excesses E(B-V), distance moduli and ages were determined for 130 new and 14 yet-unstudied known clusters. In this paper, we publish a catalog of coordinates, diameters, and main parameters of all the clusters under study. A special web-site available at http://ocl.sai.msu.ru has been developed to facilitate dissemination and scientific usage of the results.Comment: 9 pages, 3 tables, 5 figures, accepted to Astronomy Letter

Automated search for galactic star clusters in large multiband surveys: I. Discovery of 15 new open clusters in the Galactic anticenter region

Aims: According to some estimations, there are as many as 100000 open clusters in the Galaxy, but less than 2000 of them have been discovered, measured, and cataloged. We plan to undertake data mining of multiwavelength surveys to find new star clusters. Methods: We have developed a new method to search automatically for star clusters in very large stellar catalogs, which is based on convolution with density functions. We have applied this method to a subset of the Two Micron All Sky Survey catalog toward the Galactic anticenter. We also developed a method to verify whether detected stellar groups are real star clusters, which tests whether the stars that form the spatial density peak also fall onto a single isochrone in the color-magnitude diagram. By fitting an isochrone to the data, we estimate at the same time the main physical parameters of a cluster: age, distance, color excess. Results: For the present paper, we carried out a detailed analysis of 88 overdensity peaks detected in a field of $16\times16$ degrees near the Galactic anticenter. From this analysis, 15 overdensities were confirmed to be new open clusters and the physical and structural parameters were determined for 12 of them; 10 of them were previously suspected to be open clusters by Kronberger (2006) and Froebrich (2007). The properties were also determined for 13 yet-unstudied known open clusters, thus almost tripling the sample of open clusters with studied parameters in the anticenter. The parameters determined with this method showed a good agreement with published data for a set of well-known clusters.Comment: accepted to A&

Flow-injection systems for determining iron(III) and iodide with the use of catalytic reactions

Flow-injection systems with spectrophotometric detection were developed on the basic of catalytic reactions, namely, the Fe(III)-catalyzed oxidation of methanol with hydrogen peroxide and the iodide-catalyzed cerium-arsenite reaction. The developed systems were used to analyze industrial and natural waters. The detection limits attained were as low as 0.02 μg/mL of Fe(III) and 0.2 μg/mL of I- at relative standard deviations of 2-7% with the throughoutput of 35 and 25 h-1, respectively. © 1997 MAEe cyrillic signK Hayκa/Interperiodica Publishing

Mass Transfer Mechanism in Real Crystals by Pulsed Laser Irradiation

The dynamic processes in the surface layers of metals subjected activity of a pulsing laser irradiation, which destroyed not the crystalline structure in details surveyed. The procedure of calculation of a dislocation density generated in bulk of metal during the relaxation processes and at repeated pulse laser action is presented. The results of evaluations coincide with high accuracy with transmission electron microscopy dates. The dislocation-interstitial mechanism of laser-stimulated mass-transfer in real crystals is presented on the basis of the ideas of the interaction of structure defects in dynamically deforming medium. The good compliance of theoretical and experimental results approves a defining role of the presented mechanism of mass transfer at pulse laser action on metals. The possible implementation this dislocation-interstitial mechanism of mass transfer in metals to other cases of pulsing influences is justifiedComment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Late

FAVOR (FAst Variability Optical Registration) -- A Two-telescope Complex for Detection and Investigation of Short Optical Transients

An astronomical complex intended to detect optical transients (OTs) in a wide field and follow them up with high time resolution investigation is described.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. To be published in "Il Nuovo Cimento", Proceedings of the 4th Rome Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, eds. L. Piro, L. Amati, S. Covino, B. Gendr

ВЛИЯНИЕ ИСКУССТВЕННОЙ ВЕНТИЛЯЦИИ ЛЕГКИХ НА РЕАЛЬНУЮ ЭНЕРГОПОТРЕБНОСТЬ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ОТДЕЛЕНИЯ РЕАНИМАЦИИ И ИНТЕНСИВНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Elective or emergence surgery often is closely connected with development of hypercatabolism-hypermetabolism syndrome. Non-effective and late nutritional support in surgical critically ill patients lead to several consequences and complications such as: wound and nosocomial infectons, gastric stress ulcers, pressure ulcers, prolonged artificial lung ventilation, increased length of stay in ICU and hospital. Energy deficit is one of the important components of critical illness and it corresponds with multiple organ dysfunction progression. Prospective study was provided in 18 beds surgical intensive care unit (SICU). 106 patient medical cards were divided into 4 groupstwo control and two basic with espiratory support (subgroup with artificial lung ventilation and subgroup without artificial lung ventilation). We compared the effectiviness of two methods for the estimation of patients energy needsspecial equations and indirect calorimetry. As a result we found out that main markers of energy and protein metabolism and nutritive status were significantly higher in indirect calorimetry groupswith and without artificial lung ventilation. Conclusion: Indirect calorimetry method usage for the estimation of energy needs in surgical ICU patients is more effective than special equations method during first 7 days of critical illness and may be recommended for clinical practice implication. Неотложное и плановое оперативное вмешательства всегда сопровождаются развитием синдрома гиперметаболизма гиперкатаболизма. Неадекватная и несвоевременная нутритивная поддержка при критических состояниях в клинике хирургических болезней приводит к развитию целого ряда неблагоприятных последствий и осложнений, таких как: раневые инфекции, нозокомиальные инфекции различной локализации, стрессовые язвы ЖКТ, пролежни, длительная искусственная вентиляция легких, длительное пребывание больного в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) и стационаре. Неотъемлемым компонентом критических состояний является энергодефицит, который поддерживает и приводит к прогрессированию синдрома полиорганной недостаточности. Проспективное когортное исследование проведено на базе 18-коечного хирургического отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии. 106 историй болезней пациентов разделили на 4 группы две контрольные и две основные с респираторной поддержкой (подгруппа с искусственной вентиляцией легких (ИВЛ) и без респираторной поддержки (подгруппа без ИВЛ). Проведено сравнение метода расчетных уравнений и метода непрямой калориметрии для подбора оптимального количества вводимых больному калорий. В результате проведенного исследования показатели белково-энергетического и нутритивного статуса были достоверно лучше в группе непрямой калориметрии как у больных на ИВЛ, так и без ИВЛ. У пациентов в критическом состоянии, находившихся в хирургическом отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии для проведения оценки их потребности в энергии целесообразно проводить непрямую калориметрию в первые 7 суто

Preserved sections of steppes as the basis for the future ecological framework of Belgorod oblast

The article provides a historical analysis of the transformation of the region’s steppes, the results of an inventory with remote sensing methods of the preserved sections of the steppes, assessment of the potential of their flora for the development of restoration succession, and the effectiveness for preservation of the steppe biodiversity of the regional network of specially protected areas and the formation of an ecological framewor