СOMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF USE OF METHYLETHYLPYRIDINOL BY THE ENDONASAL ELECTROPHORESIS AND PARABULBAR INJECTIONS AT THE CHORIORETINAL DYSTROPHY

Research objective: comparative assessment of efficiency of use of Emoxypin® by an endonasal electrophoresis and parabulbar injections at a chorioretinal dystrophy. Methods: 71 patients (average age of 55±3 years) suffering from a chorioretinal dystrophy of various genesis were in the study. The ophthalmologic examination included: evaluation of visual acuity, a field of vision, a visual fatigue, a condition of bulbar microcirculation (the general conjunctiva index). Besides, electrophysiological examination was conducted, including critical frequency of merge of flickers and electric sensitivity of an eye. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group (28 patients) received Emoxypin® with endonasal electrophoresis and group B (43 patients) received Emoxypin® by parabulbar injections. Results: Results of the statistical analysis in both groups showed visual acuity increasment, expansion of borders of a field of vision, depression of visual fatigability, indicators of electrophysiological examination and bulbar microcirculation improved. Conclusion: The comparative assessment of efficiency of use of Emoxypin® by an endonasal electrophoresis and parabulbar injections at a chorioretinal dystrophic various a genesis showed appreciable medical effect in the course of restoration of visual functions which in some cases (18%) even better effect observed at parabulbar injections

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR OPHTHALMOPATHY

Aim: To assess medical and social issues of occupational rehabilitation in elderly patients with vascular eye diseases. Materials and methods: The results of examination of 572 patients and disabled persons after acute occlusion of central retinal artery, central retinal vein or optic nerve ischemia with sequelae were analyzed. Results: The majority of patients (> 70%) with history of acute occlusion of central retinal artery, central retinal vein or optic nerve ischemia were elderly and had extensive professional background. Frequency of acute vascular eye diseases-related disability was as follows: 12.7% after occlusion of central retinal artery, 60.1% after acute occlusion of central retinal vein and 27.2% after acute optic nerve ischemia. Conclusion: Key determinants of occupational abilities in patients with vascular eye diseases are: visual function, positive motivation for work, compensation status of background vascular condition and adequate working environment

Ab Initio Study of Elastic and Mechanical Properties in FeCrMn Alloys

Mechanical properties of FeCrMn-based steels are of major importance for practical applications. In this work, we investigate mechanical properties of disordered paramagnetic fcc FeCr 10 – 16 Mn 12 – 32 alloys using density functional theory. The effects of composition and temperature changes on the magnetic state, elastic properties and stacking fault energies of the alloys are studied. Calculated dependencies of the lattice and elastic constants are used to evaluate the effect of the solid solution strengthening by Mn and Cr using a modified Labusch-Nabarro model and a model for concentrated alloys. The effect of Cr and Mn alloying on the stacking fault energies is calculated and discussed in connection to possible deformation mechanisms

LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF RETINAL DEGENERATIVE DISORDER TREATMENT WITH PEPTIDE BIOREGULATORS

Aim. To analyze long-term outcomes and efficacy of retinal degeneration treatment with Retinalamin.Patients and methods. Group I included 20 patients (40 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (15 patients, 30 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (5 patients, 10 eyes) who received treatment with Retinalamin for 5‑7 years. Group II included 11 patients (22 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (9 patients, 18 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (2 patients, 4 eyes) who received treatment with Retinalamin for 23‑25 years. Group III (controls) included 15 patients (30 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (11 patients, 22 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (4 patients, 8 eyes) who received traditional treatment (vasodilators, angioprotectors, antisclerotic agents, vitamins) for 25 years. Standard ophthalmological examination, i.e., visual acuity measurement, visual field test, refractometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, was performed.Results. First course of treatment with Retinalamin improved vision in 58.1 % of retinal degeneration patients. Visual fields improved in 64.5 % of cases. Repeated treatment courses (1‑2 times a year) for 23‑25 years preserved residual vision in 55.6 % of patients and object vision in 11.1 % of cases. In retinal abiotrophy patients, residual vision preserved in 100 % of cases.Conclusions. In retinal degenerations, Retinalamin improves vision and visual fields and decreases total area of absolute scotomas even after the first treatment course as well as preserves vision in prolonged use

Temperature regime reconstruction of two Caucasian Mountain lakes based on diatom analysis

В статье проанализированы данные по диатомовым комплексам из донных отложений оз. Каракель (Республика Карачаево-Черкессия) и оз. Донгузорун (Республика Кабардино-Балкария). Оба озера имеют ледниковое происхождение. Первичный материал был получен в результате бурения озерных осадков в наиболее глубокой части этих озер. Реконструкция температурного режима озер проведена по результатам анализа систематического состава диатомовых комплексов. Расчет изменений температурного режима основан на принципе унификации биоиндикационных методов. Обсуждаются перспективы применения нового метода для палеоклиматических реконструкций. В работе использованы результаты изотопного датирования и геохимического анализа озерных осадков.По диатомовым комплексам выявлены долговременные тенденции изменения температурного режима в исследованных озерах. Кроме того, обнаружены более кратковременные периоды повышения и понижения температуры воды в оз. Донгузорун, которые, вероятно, связаны с сезонными изменениями. Ранее для обоих озер были выделены периоды переотложения донных осадков под воздействием селевых потоков. По результатам диатомового анализа эти процессы всегда совпадали с периодами относительного повышения температуры озерных вод.The authors present the analysis of data on diatom assemblages from the bottom sediments in Lake Karakyol (Karachayevo-Circassian Republic) and Lake Donguzorun (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic). Both lakes are of glacial origin. The sediments samples were drilled in the deepest parts of lakes. The temperature regime of lakes was reconstructed according to taxonomic composition of diatom assemblages. The calculations of temperature variations were based on the unification principle of bioindication methods. The prospects of application of this new method for paleoclimatic reconstructions are discussed. The results of the isotopic dating and the geochemical analysis of lacustrine sediments were used. On the basis of diatom assemblages the long-term trends of temperature variations for study lakes were revealed. Moreover, the authors determined short-term periods of increasing and decreasing of water temperature in Lake Donguzorun which were probably connected with seasonal changes. Previously, the periods of sediment redeposition resulted from mud flow activity have been determined for both lakes. According to the results of diatom analysis it was found that these processes always coincided with periods of the relative temperature increasing in the lake

New Cr-Ni-Base Alloy for High-Temperature Applications Designed on the Basis of First Principles Calculations

We use ab initio calculations to analyze the influence of 4d and 5d transition metal alloying elements on cohesive properties of the bulk and a representative grain boundary in Cr within the framework of the Rice–Thomson–Wang approach. The results obtained for Cr are combined with the analogous results for Ni to select Ta and Nb as promising alloying additions to dual-phase (α/γ) Cr-Ni-base high-temperature alloys. Ta and Nb are added to the alloying system of an existing alloy I (Cr-Ni-W-V-Ti) in an attempt to design a chemical composition of a new alloy II (Cr-Ni-W-V-Ti) + (Ta-Nb). Investigation of the microstructure of the Ta-bearing Cr-Ni-alloy reveals a Ta enrichment of large γ-areas near GBs in α-matrix that we consider as potency to increase the cohesive strength of GBs and the cohesive energy of the bulk in γ-phase. Mechanical testing of alloys I and II demonstrates that the alloy II has improved tensile strength and creep resistance at high temperatures

Hydrogen-enhanced intergranular failure of sulfur-doped nickel grain boundary: In situ electrochemical micro-cantilever bending vs. DFT

International audienceIntergranular failure of nickel (Ni) single grain boundaries (GBs) owing to the segregation of sulfur (S), hydrogen (H), and their co-segregation has been investigated by employing micro-cantilever bending tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A pure Ni GB shows completely plastic behavior with no fracture observed in the experiments. Electrochemical H-charging of the sample with no S present in the GB leads to a crack formed at the notch tip, which propagates by means of the mixed plastic–brittle fracture mode. Cantilever testing of the H-charged GB with S results in a clear brittle fracture of the GB. The co-segregation of S and H shifts the sudden drop in the load–displacement curves to smaller values of displacement. This is explained by the combined effect of these elements on the work of separation of the selected GB leading to severely decreased GB cohesion