ENGLISH TEACHERS’ REFLECTIVE THINKING PRACTICE DURING THE ONLINE LEARNING AT SMAN 2 SINGARAJA

The new learning system that is published by the Indonesian government as a prevention due to Covid-19 brings a new challenge for the teachers particularly in implementing 21st century learning. Teachers are suggested to do a reflection toward the online learning that has been conducted to find out the teaching and learning process quality. This study is aimed at investigating the level of teachers’ reflective thinking in which it was conducted in SMAN 2 Singaraja. There were two teachers involved in this study and the data were collected through the spreading of questionnaire and interview. The data were analyzed by using interactive data analysis to check the validity and reliability. The results showed that the awareness of the teacher in carrying out a process of reflection on learning during the online learning period. The efforts made by the English teacher at SMA N 2 Singaraja in improving the quality of learning both by discussing and innovating need to be used as an example for other teachers. In the future, of course, it is hoped that a better online learning process and learning objectives can be maximally achieve

PENENTUAN HARGA KONTRAK OPSI TIPE ASIA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SIMULASI NORMAL INVERSE GAUSSIAN (NIG)

<p><em>The aim to determine of the simulation results and to calculate the stock price of Asian Option with Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) method and Monte Carlo method using MATLAB program. Results of both models are compared and selected a fair price. Besides to determine simulation accuracy of the stock price, speed of program execution MATLAB is calculated for both models for time efficiency. The first part, set variabels used to calculate the trajectory of stock prices at time t to simulate the stock price at the time. The second part, simulate the stock price with NIG model. The third part, simulate the stock price with Monte Carlo model. After simulating the stock price, calculated the value of the pay-off of the Asian Option, and then estimate the price of Asian Option by averaging the entire value of pay-off from each iteration. The last part, compare result of both models. The results of this research is price of Asian Option calculated using Monte Carlo simulation and NIG. The rates were calculated using the NIG produce a fair price, because of the pricing contract NIG using four parameters ?, ?, ?, and ?, while Monte Carlo is using only two parameters ? and ?. For execution time of the program, the Monte Carlo model is better in all iterations.</em></p