Analisis Banjir Rancangan dengan Mempertimbangkan Karakteristik Fraktal Daerah Aliran Sungai (Studi Kasus: Bendungan Way Apu di Pulau Buru, Provinsi Maluku)

Penelitian ini menyajikan permodelan matematika untuk mensimulasikan banjir rancangan pada  bendungan Way Apu dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik fraktal dari DAS. Bendungan Way Apu yang terletak di Sungai Way Apu, Maluku, Indonesia di bangun sebagai bendungan multiguna seperti irigasi, pembangkit listrik tenaga air (PLTA), air baku, dan  untuk pengendali banjir sebagai tujuan utama. Analisa banjir rancangan pada bendungan ini mendapatkan beberapa kendala karena besarnya curah hujan di wilayah timur Indonesia, terutama di Pulau Buru Provinsi  Maluku. Desain banjir untuk Dam tipe urugan di bawah 40 m di Indonesia mengacu pada SNI-3432-1994, menggunakan kemungkinan banjir maksimum periode ulang 1000 tahun untuk perencanaan risiko besar. Makalah ini akan menganalisis desain banjir Bendungan Way Apu dengan periode ulang 1000 tahun  dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik fraktal dari DAS menggunakan hidrograf sintetik ITS-2. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan HSS ITS-2 diperoleh nilai banjir rancangan sebesar 2454,15 m3/dt. Perhitungan penelusuran banjir (flood routing) diperoleh penurunan debit outflow sebesar 3,65% dengan Panjang pelimpah (spillway) 60 m, dengan elevasi mercu pada elevasi +134

Oral Treatment with Cu[superscript II](atsm) Increases Mutant SOD1 In Vivo but Protects Motor Neurons and Improves the Phenotype of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Mutations in the metallo-protein Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in humans and an expression level-dependent phenotype in transgenic rodents. We show that oral treatment with the therapeutic agent diacetyl-bis(4-methylthiosemicarbazonato)copper[superscript II] [Cu[superscript II](atsm)] increased the concentration of mutant SOD1 (SOD1G37R) in ALS model mice, but paradoxically improved locomotor function and survival of the mice. To determine why the mice with increased levels of mutant SOD1 had an improved phenotype, we analyzed tissues by mass spectrometry. These analyses revealed most SOD1 in the spinal cord tissue of the SOD1G37R mice was Cu deficient. Treating with Cu[superscript II](atsm) decreased the pool of Cu-deficient SOD1 and increased the pool of fully metallated (holo) SOD1. Tracking isotopically enriched ⁶⁵Cu[superscript II](atsm) confirmed the increase in holo-SOD1 involved transfer of Cu from Cu[superscript II](atsm) to SOD1, suggesting the improved locomotor function and survival of the Cu[superscript II](atsm)-treated SOD1G37R mice involved, at least in part, the ability of the compound to improve the Cu content of the mutant SOD1. This was supported by improved survival of SOD1G37R mice that expressed the human gene for the Cu uptake protein CTR1. Improving the metal content of mutant SOD1 in vivo with Cu[superscript II](atsm) did not decrease levels of misfolded SOD1. These outcomes indicate the metal content of SOD1 may be a greater determinant of the toxicity of the protein in mutant SOD1-associated forms of ALS than the mutations themselves. Improving the metal content of SOD1 therefore represents a valid therapeutic strategy for treating ALS caused by SOD1.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Society for Neuroscience. The published article can be found at: http://www.jneurosci.org/

Measurement Consistency Among Observational Job Analysis Methods During an Intervention Study

Several observational methods are available for ergonomists to evaluate the exposure to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risk factors associated with work. Those methods can be used to evaluate the impact of modifications done at a workstation on the exposure to risk factors. Three methods (QEC, OCRA and 4D Watbak) were used to assess the exposure to MSD risk factors before and after the implementation of changes at a saw and block opening workstation. The results from those 3 methods served to compare the methods and evaluate their consistency. Comparisons among the methods showed positive association between QEC and OCRA indices, and between the QEC back index and 4D Watbak

Measurement Consistency Among Observational Job Analysis Methods During an Intervention Study

Several observational methods are available for ergonomists to evaluate the exposure to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risk factors associated with work. Those methods can be used to evaluate the impact of modifications done at a workstation on the exposure to risk factors. Three methods (QEC, OCRA and 4D Watbak) were used to assess the exposure to MSD risk factors before and after the implementation of changes at a saw and block opening workstation. The results from those 3 methods served to compare the methods and evaluate their consistency. Comparisons among the methods showed positive association between QEC and OCRA indices, and between the QEC back index and 4D Watbak