Planning the forest transport systems based on the principles of sustainable development of territories

The article identifies a new method of dynamic modeling in the design of the transport system in the forest fund (TSFF), which is based on economic and mathematical modeling and fuzzy logic tools. The combination of the indicated methods is designed to reduce the disadvantages of their use and increase the benefits. The article substantiates the choice of assessing the forecast level of the impact of risks on the activities of forestry enterprises (the method of expert assessments), using the methodological tools of fuzzy logic. The indicated method makes it possible to take into account a large variety of risk factors of the internal and external environment. At the same time, methodological aspects of fuzzy logic make it possible to formulate a quantitative assessment of qualitative indicators. The article substantiates the choice of tools for economic and mathematical modeling in order to state the design problem of the planned TSFF. Since the indicated method enables the formalization of the functioning of the timber transport system in the given conditions. The article presents a developed model that correctly takes into account the influence of risk factors when planning a TSFF, through the combination of fuzzy logic methods and economic and mathematical modeling. The advantages of the developed model include: considering the multivariance of material flows, vehicles, points of overload, etc.; automated processing of input parameters and effective data; using the model for forecasting, i.e. the possibility of deriving a fuzzy estimate of the efficiency of the timber transport system by identifying cause-effect relationships between the modeling object and the influence of risk factors on its functioning. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd

Ecological and economic efficiency assessment of forest-transport systems based on the principles of sustainable territorial development

In order to solve the urgent problem of the development of forest transport systems efficiently, it is necessary to develop strategic principles for their planning, taking into account the current realities of a market economy and the transition of the world community and Russia to the principles of sustainable development. Formation of transport systems in general and the new road network on the territory of forest lands in particular requires significant financial and material resources and therefore it is important to justify the cost effectiveness of their creation and development, taking into account the principles of sustainable development of the territories and the overall environmental and socio-economic effect of the implementation of state project. The paper substantiates the need to take into account environmental, social and economic factors when planning transport systems on the territory of forestland. The principles for assessing ecological and socio-economic efficiency are proposed. Quantitative efficiency criterion is developed taking into account the principles of consistency. The developed objective function of the optimization problem reflects the profitability of the timber transport system (including costs for all stages of its life cycle) for the entire planned period of interaction with the forest ecosystem, i.e. recoupment of the design, construction and operation of the forestry fund of the country's regions by achieving the maximum productivity of the forest ecosystem from their coexistence over the entire planning period. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

Mathematical model of transport network planning on the territory of the forest fund

The main purpose of the paper is to develop a mathematical model for planning the transport network in the territory of the forest fund based on the criteria of ecological and economic efficiency. Setting the goal is caused by the fact that, despite the urgency of the problem of ensuring effective ecological, social and economic development of forest fund and the existing scientific achievements in this field, both in Russia and abroad, the scientific base has accumulated a small amount of research that considers forest transport systems as one of the main factors that contributes to achieving the goal of sustainable development of forest territories in modern conditions of management. The complex analysis of the ecological and economic efficiency of transport network planning in the forest fund territory is only indirectly present in the scientific literature and is local in nature. The paper presents an approach according to which a qualitative criterion is formed for evaluating the effectiveness of the transport network functioning on the territory of the forest fund as achieving the maximum of all potential revenues from the use of various types of forest resources and the ecological potential of the territory on the basis of the planned network. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Dynamic model for the assessment of the forest management efficiency taking into account the development of the transport network

The main objective of the article is to develop a mathematical model for assessing the environmental and economic effectiveness of forest management taking into account the planning of the transport network on the territory of the forest fund. The objective is set due to the fact that, despite the relevance of the problem of ensuring the effective environmental, socio-economic development of the territories of the forest fund and the existing scientific achievements in this area, both in Russia and abroad, a small amount of research has so far been accumulated in the scientific environment, which considers forest transport systems as one of the main factors that, in modern conditions of management, contributes to the achievement of the goal of sustainable development of forest areas. A comprehensive consideration of the problem of environmental and economic efficiency of planning a transport network on the territory of the forest fund is only indirectly present in the scientific literature and is local in nature. The presented article proposes an approach according to which a quantitative criterion for assessing the effectiveness of forest management is formed as achieving the maximum of all potential income from the use of various types of forest resources and the ecological potential of the territory taking into account the factor of the level of development of the transport network. This approach allows to strike an optimal balance between the economic and environmental indicators of the project for the creation and development of a transport network on the basis of the criterion of integrated environmental and economic efficiency. When solving the problems set forth in the article, methods and means of economic analysis, financial mathematics, economic and mathematical modeling, and analytical geometry have been used. © 2021 Author(s)

Assessment of the impact of fires on forest ecosystems considering the level of development of the forest transportation network

Currently, we can state the fact that there is no developed unified scientific approach to determining the degree of the total ecological and economic damage from forest fires based on the ecosystem approach, taking into account the multipurpose of forest benefits and the dependence of achieving the effectiveness of forestry and fire-fighting measures on the level of development of the transportation network on the territory of the forest fund. Hence, we can conclude that the development of a method for assessing the magnitude of ecological and economic damage from fires to forest ecosystems considering the factor of planning a forest road network is an urgent scientific issue. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for assessing the degree of ecological and economic damage from fires to forest ecosystems, taking into account the planning factor of the forest road network and its testing. Within this framework, the article outlines the issues under study concerning the need for forecasting: the probability of forest fires, the area of their spread over the territory of the forest fund, the assessment of the degree of the possible ecological and economic damage to forest ecosystems. The study of these issues is necessary for the timely implementation of fire-prevention and restoration measures, as well as the determination of the value of optimal reserves sufficient to eliminate the consequences of forest fires, the assessment of the correlation of the indicator of total ecological and economic damage from fires with the level of development of the transportation network, which directly affects this indicator. The article presents a mathematical model developed by the authors, which forms the basis of the proposed method for assessing the degree of ecological and economic damage from fires considering the factor of planning the creation and development of the forest road network. The presented methodological development is based on the tools of economic and mathematical modeling, elements of the theory of probability and combinatorics, as well as an integrated interdisciplinary approach to the research object. The article also presents the results of a computational and numerical experiment using the developed methodological apparatus. The methodology proposed by the authors can be used in identifying the most fire-hazardous areas of the forest fund, development of measures to preserve biodiversity, planning logging, reforestation work, etc.В настоящее время отсутствует единое научное понимание определения величины общего эколого-экономического ущерба от лесных пожаров на основе экосистемного подхода, учитывающего многостороннее назначение лесных благ и зависимость достижения эффективности лесохозяйственных и противопожарных мероприятий от уровня развития транспортной сети на территории лесного фонда. цель статьи – разработка методикиоценки величины эколого-экономического ущерба от пожаров лесным экосистемам с учетом фактора планирования лесной дорожной сети и ее апробация. Исследованы вопросы, касающиеся необходимости прогнозирования вероятности возникновения лесных пожаров, площади их распространения по территории лесного фонда, оценки возможного эколого-экономического ущерба лесным экосистемам. Изучение данных вопросов необходимо для своевременного проведения противопожарных и лесовосстановительных мероприятий, а также для определения величины оптимальных резервов, достаточных для ликвидации последствий лесных пожаров, оценки сопряженности показателя общего эколого-экономического ущерба от пожаров лесным экосистемам с непосредственно влияющим на этот показатель уровнем развития транспортной сети. приведена разработанная авторами математическая модель, положенная в основу предлагаемого метода оценки величины эколого-экономического ущерба от пожаров лесным экосистемам с учетом фактора планирования создания и развития лесной дорожной сети. Разработка базируется на инструментарии экономико-математического моделирования, элементах теории вероятности и комбинаторики, а также комплексном междисциплинарном подходе к объекту исследования. Также описаны результаты расчетно-численного эксперимента при помощи разработанного методологического аппарата. предложенная авторами методика может быть использована при выявлении наиболее пожароопасных территорий лесного фонда, разработке мероприятий по сохранению биоразнообразия, планировании рубок, лесовосстановительных работ и др