The effects of dietary supplementation of different amount of Yucca schidigera powder (Sarsaponin 30®) on blood and tissue antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation in rats

The study was aimed to determine the possible protective role of diet suplementation of Yucca schidigera (Ys) powder against basal oxidative damage in blood and some tissue on rats. The rats were divided into 3 groups: Control, Ys1 and Ys2. Control group was fed by Standart Rat Feed (SRF). The other groups, Ys1 and Ys2 were fed ad libitum by SRF +100 ppm Ys powder (Sarsaponin 30®), SRF + 200 ppm Ys powder (Sarsaponin 30®), respectively for 4 weeks during the study. MDA levels in blood and kidney of the rats significantly decreased in Ys1 and Ys2 groups compared to control. Whereas, liver MDA levels of Ys1 and Ys2 groups didn't show any significant change. The kidney GSH concentrations were significantly increased in the Ys2 group compared to control. Blood and liver GSH concentrations between groups did not differ. Consequently, 100 and 200 ppm supplementation of Ys powder to the diets of rats decrease the blood and kidney MDA levels and increase the kidney GSH concentrations. It is thought that Ys can be used effectively as an antioxidant suplement. Moreover, the usage of the plant, did not affect the liver MDA and GSH as well as blood GSH levels. © Medwell Journals, 2008

The effects of dietary boron compounds in supplemented diet on hormonal activity and some biochemical parameters in rats

PubMed ID: 23293135The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of dietary boric acid or borax, as a boron (B) source, on hormonal status (leptin, insulin, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine) and some biochemical parameter levels as glucose, carnitine, nonesterified fatty acids, and betahydroxybutyric acid in rats. A total of 30 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into three equal groups: the animals in the first group (control) were fed with a standard rodent diet containing 6.4 mg B/kg, and the animals in the experimental group were fed with a standard rodent diet added with boric acid and borax (100 mg B/kg) throughout the experimental period of 28 days. The B compounds especially borax decreased leptin, insulin, and glucose levels, whereas increased T3and carnitine levels in plasma. In addition, body weight of rats was found to be low in the boric acid group at the end of 4 weeks. Consequently, our results demonstrate that B supplementation (100 mg/kg) in diet decreases body weight, leptin, and insulin, whereas increases T3levels in plasma, so enhances the metabolic activity of rats. Between the B compounds used in this study, it was found that borax had a greater effect on hormonal status than boric acid. © 2012, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved

Effects of mentha spicata L. Extracts on hormonal regulation of energy metabolism in rats with hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Mentha spicata L. (Lamiaceae), which contains caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, alpha tocopherol, and eugenol, on hormonal regulation of energy metabolism in rats. Obesity is a risk factor for various diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and fatty degeneration in the liver. Furthermore, it has been aimed to inquire the effect of the Mentha spicata L. whether it is effective as a liver protective factor in rats fed on high fat diet. In this study, 70 Wistar-Albino male rats aged 2±3 months were used. The animals were allocated into 7 groups (10 rats in each group): 1 control group and 6 experimental groups, including negative control; carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); high-fat diet, positive (HFD); M. spicata petroleum ether extract (PE); M. spicata ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract; and M. spicata methanol (MeOH) extract. All experimental groups were given dietary fat and M. spicata extracts, excluding the control group. The group C rats were fed the standard rat diet; group CMC high-fat diet (40% beef tallow + 1% cholesterol) + 1 mL 0.5% CMC; group HFD high-fat diet; and groups PE, EtOAc, and MeOH petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of M. spicata, respectively, via gastric gavage for 60 days. The plasma concentrations of hormones [leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, insulin, and thyroid hormones (T4, FT4, T3, and FT3)], glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total protein, and lipid profiles (cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) were monitored. The histopathologic examination revealed fatty degeneration in the liver tissue and perivascular accumulation of inflammatory cells in the experimental groups. The PE extract obtained from M. spicata was effective in maintaining the body weight and protecting against liver degeneration. Further studies are required to verify this. © 2019 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved

The subchronic exposure to malathion, an organophosphate pesticide, causes lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage in rats: The protective role of resveratrol

The present study was planned to evaluate the protective role of resveratrol (Res) against subchronic malathion exposure in rats over four weeks. In total, 48 Wistar rats were used and divided equally into six groups. The groups were designed as the control group (received only a rodent diet and tap water), the corn oil group (0.5 ml corn oil by the oral route), and the malathion group (100 mg kg-1 day-1 by the oral route). Other three groups received malathion (100 mg kg-1 day-1) plus Res (5, 10, and 20 mg kg-1 day-1, respectively) by the oral route. Malathion increased malondialdehyde and 8-OHdG levels, whereas it decreased glutathione levels. Also, acetylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities were found to be low in the blood, liver, kidney, heart, and brain tissues. Biochemical parameters were not notably changed in all groups. In contrast, Res treatment inverted malathion-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and activity of enzymes. Additionally, malathion-induced histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, heart, and brain were ameliorated by Res treatment. These results demonstrate that malathion increases oxidative stress and decreases the antioxidant status while Res has a protective function against malathion toxicity in rats. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.National Council for Scientific Research: BAPK-2012/MF003EA is grateful to Uşak University Scientific Research Council, Uşak, Turkey for providing financial support (Project no: BAPK-2012/MF003). IK thanks Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry for providing laboratory facilities. Also, this study was orally presented at the 2nd International Congress on Advances in Veterinary Sciences and Technics, Skopje, Macedonia

Boron attenuates malathion-induced oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase inhibition in rats

PubMed ID: 25342379Organophosphorus compounds cause oxidative stress and lead to alterations in antioxidant status in organisms. In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure to malathion and the protective effects of boron (B) were evaluated in 48 Wistar rats, which were divided equally into six groups. For 28 d, the control group received a normal diet and tap water, the corn oil group received a normal diet and 0.5 mL of corn oil by gastric gavage and the malathion group received a normal diet and malathion (100 mg/kg/d) by gastric gavage. During the same period, each of the three other groups received a different dosage of B (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/d, respectively) and malathion (100 mg/kg/d) by gastric gavage. Malathion administration during the period increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and 8-hydroxy-2?-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, as well as markers of liver function, yet decreased acetylcholinesterase, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in blood, liver, kidney and brain tissues. Administration of B in a dose-dependent manner also reversed malathion-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, B exhibited protective action against malathion-induced histopathological changes in liver, kidney and brain tissues. These results demonstrate that, if used in a dose-dependent manner, B decreases malathion-induced oxidative stress, enhances the antioxidant defense mechanism and regenerates tissues in rats. © 2014 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.2012/MF003The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest associated with this work. This study was supported by a grant from the Usak University Scientific Research Council, Usak, Turkey (Project no.: 2012/MF003)

The effects of structurally different sap on in containing plants on tissue antioxidant defense systems, lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The aim of this study, was to examine the effects of Yucca schidigera, Quillaja saponaria and mixture of both plants on tissue antioxidant defense systems, lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Animals were allocated into 5 groups of each containing 10 rats. Control (C) and Diabetic Control group (D) were fed by Standart Rat Feed (SRF). The other diabetic groups, Yucca schidigera group (D Y), Quillaja saponaria group (DQ) and mix group (DQY) were fed ad libitum using SRF +100 ppm Yucca schidigera powder (Sarsaponm 30®), SRF +100 ppm Quillaja saponaria powder (Nutrafito®) and SRF+100 ppm Yucca schidigera-Quillqja saponaria powder (Nutrafito Plus®), respectively for 3 weeks. MDA levels in liver and kidney of the rats significantly increased in D group compared to control. MDA levels inDY, DQ andDQY groups significantly decreased in liver and kidney of the diabetic rats. On the other hand, the liver and kidney GSH concentrations significantly decreased in D, DY and DQY groups compared to control and DQ group. The SOD levels in liver significantly increased in DY, DQ and DQY groups compared to D group. The kidney SOD levels in D and DY group significantly decreased compared to control and other groups. On the other hand, treatment of diabetic rats with Quillaja saponaria and Quillaja saponaria-Yucca schidigera mixtures prevented the alteration in liver and kidney pathology with the return to their normal texture. Consequently, in buffering the negative impacts of increased oxidative stress in DM and in preventing or mitigating diabetic complications, it was seen that Quillaja saponaria was more effective than Yucca schidigera. Moreover, it can be considered that these plants could support the treatment of the disease by antioxidant effects. © Medwell Journals, 2009

The Effects of Boron on Arsenic-Induced Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Male and Female Rats

PubMed ID: 26184899The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible protective effects of boron, an antioxidant agent, against arsenic-induced oxidative stress in male and female rats. In total, 42 Wistar albino male and female rats were divided into three equal groups: The animals in the control group were given normal drinking water, the second group was given drinking water with 100 mg/L arsenic, and the third group was orally administered drinking water with 100 mg/kg boron together with arsenic. At the end of the 28-day experiment, arsenic increased lipid peroxidation and damage in the tissues of rats. However, boron treatment reversed this arsenic-induced lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in rats. Moreover, boron exhibited a protective action against arsenic-induced histopathological changes in the tissues of rats. In conclusion, boron was found to be effective in protecting rats against arsenic-induced lipid peroxidation by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc