Developments in the negative-U modelling of the cuprate HTSC systems

The paper deals with the many stands that go into creating the unique and complex nature of the HTSC cuprates above Tc as below. Like its predecessors it treats charge, not spin or lattice, as prime mover, but thus taken in the context of the chemical bonding relevant to these copper oxides. The crucial shell filling, negative-U, double-loading fluctuations possible there require accessing at high valent local environment as prevails within the mixed valent, inhomogeneous two sub-system circumstance of the HTSC materials. Close attention is paid to the recent results from Corson, Demsar, Li, Johnson, Norman, Varma, Gyorffy and colleagues.Comment: 44 pages:200+ references. Submitted to J.Phys.:Condensed Matter, Sept 7 200

The cross-sectional GRAS sample: A comprehensive phenotypical data collection of schizophrenic patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Schizophrenia is the collective term for an exclusively clinically diagnosed, heterogeneous group of mental disorders with still obscure biological roots. Based on the assumption that valuable information about relevant genetic and environmental disease mechanisms can be obtained by association studies on patient cohorts of ≥ 1000 patients, if performed on detailed clinical datasets and quantifiable biological readouts, we generated a new schizophrenia data base, the GRAS (Göttingen Research Association for Schizophrenia) data collection. GRAS is the necessary ground to study genetic causes of the schizophrenic phenotype in a 'phenotype-based genetic association study' (PGAS). This approach is different from and complementary to the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on schizophrenia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For this purpose, 1085 patients were recruited between 2005 and 2010 by an invariable team of traveling investigators in a cross-sectional field study that comprised 23 German psychiatric hospitals. Additionally, chart records and discharge letters of all patients were collected.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The corresponding dataset extracted and presented in form of an overview here, comprises biographic information, disease history, medication including side effects, and results of comprehensive cross-sectional psychopathological, neuropsychological, and neurological examinations. With >3000 data points per schizophrenic subject, this data base of living patients, who are also accessible for follow-up studies, provides a wide-ranging and standardized phenotype characterization of as yet unprecedented detail.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The GRAS data base will serve as prerequisite for PGAS, a novel approach to better understanding 'the schizophrenias' through exploring the contribution of genetic variation to the schizophrenic phenotypes.</p

Prevalensi dan Intensitas Infeksi Leucocytozoon sp. pada Ayam Buras di Bukit Jimbaran, Kecamatan Kuta Selatan

Leucocytozoonosis merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menyebabkan kerugian yang besar dalam industri peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan intensitas infeksi Leucocytozoon sp. pada ayam buras di Bukit Jimbaran, Kecamatan Kuta Selatan. Sampel yang digunakan berupa darah dari 100 ekor ayam buras yang berasal dari Bukit Jimbaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa pembuatan preparat ulas darah tipis dengan pewarnaan Giemsa 10% dan pemeriksaan secara mikroskopis. Parameter yang diukur adalah ada tidaknya Leucocytozoon sp. pada preparat ulas darah tipis dan menghitung jumlah Leucocytozoon sp. pada sampel yang positif per 100 sel darah merah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan prevalensi infeksi Leucocytozoon sp. dianalisis menggunakan analisis Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 31% sampel terinfeksi Leucocytozoon sp. dengan intensitas infeksi 1 – 3 parasit per 100 sel darah merah. Jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan dengan prevalensi infeksi Leucocytozoon sp. pada ayam buras