Опухолевые маркеры при скрининге и мониторинге больных раком мочевого пузыря

The study was undertaken to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of a rapid method for qualitative determination of the content of NMP 22 in the diagnosis of cancer of the bladder, as well as the efficiency of the method in detecting recurrences of this disease.The method is based on enzyme immunoassay of the nuclear matrix proteins that are incorporated into the cell nuclear membrane, whose levels are approximately 20—80 times higher in the cancer cells of the bladder. The study included 83 patients. Group 1 comprised 18 patients with new-onset bladder cancer. Group 2 comprised 26 patients with histologically verified recurrent bladder cancer. Group 3 consisted of 19 patients who had a history of bladder cancer, received surgical treatment, and had no recurrences for at least 6 months. The control group included 20 healthy donors.The test urine was put into a test well and the results were assessed 30 minutes later.The resultant sensitivity of the test was 50% (p < 0.05) in the patients with new-onset cancer of the bladder and 54% (p < 0.05) in those with its recurrent cancer. With staging and grading of the disease and with higher tumor anaplasia, the sensitivity of the test increases: 37, 75, and 80% in T1, T2, T3, respectively (p < 0.05); 30, 50, and 87% in G1 (p > 0.05), G2 (p < 0.05), G3 (p < 0.05). Its specificity was 100% in Group 3 and 90% in the control group (p < 0.05). Thus, its total specificity was 95% (p < 0.05). The study has led to the conclusion that detection of NMP 22 is a promising marker of bladder carcinoma, which show a rather high specificity and specificity not only in identifying primary tumors, but a recurrence of the disease.

Качество жизни больных инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря после радикальной цистэктомии

Notwithstanding the fact that advances have been made in various urine derivations, the assessment of life quality in patients who have undergone this type of surgical treatment is still not only a medical problem, but, to a greater extent, a social one. Eighty-seven patients who had undergone radical cystectomy and urine derivation for invasive bladder cancer were examined. According to the type of urine derivation, the patients were divided into groups. Then early and late complications, survival rates, and quality of life were estimated. The latter was assessed by three components: physical, psychological, and urological health. Emphasis is laid on physical health component in assessing the quality of life. The special questionnaire applied to the assessment of life quality in patients undergoing urine derivation may be useful for this purpose in those after other urological operations.

VACUUM THERAPY – PREVENTION OF HYPOXIA OF CAVERNOUS TISSUE PATIENTS AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

Patients, after radical prostatectomy with the use of nerve-sparing techniques, without carrying out penile rehabilitation, are at risk of forming cavernous fibrosis with the emergence of subsequent persistent erectile dysfunction. In order to minimize damage to cavernous tissue and early restoration of erectile function during the period of neuropraxia, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient level of oxygenation. The role of applying vacuum in penile rehabilitation for the prevention of hypoxia of cavernous tissue is not fully understood, due to the lack of data on the gaseous composition of the blood at the time of reaching the vacuum of erection. The purpose of this work was to review the scientific studies devoted to the study of vacuum induced penile erection in animals or humans, which indicates high results due to increased oxygenation of cavernous tissue

Tumor markers during screening and monitoring of patients with cancer of the urinary bladder

The study was undertaken to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of a rapid method for qualitative determination of the content of NMP 22 in the diagnosis of cancer of the bladder, as well as the efficiency of the method in detecting recurrences of this disease.The method is based on enzyme immunoassay of the nuclear matrix proteins that are incorporated into the cell nuclear membrane, whose levels are approximately 20—80 times higher in the cancer cells of the bladder. The study included 83 patients. Group 1 comprised 18 patients with new-onset bladder cancer. Group 2 comprised 26 patients with histologically verified recurrent bladder cancer. Group 3 consisted of 19 patients who had a history of bladder cancer, received surgical treatment, and had no recurrences for at least 6 months. The control group included 20 healthy donors.The test urine was put into a test well and the results were assessed 30 minutes later.The resultant sensitivity of the test was 50% (p < 0.05) in the patients with new-onset cancer of the bladder and 54% (p < 0.05) in those with its recurrent cancer. With staging and grading of the disease and with higher tumor anaplasia, the sensitivity of the test increases: 37, 75, and 80% in T1, T2, T3, respectively (p < 0.05); 30, 50, and 87% in G1 (p > 0.05), G2 (p < 0.05), G3 (p < 0.05). Its specificity was 100% in Group 3 and 90% in the control group (p < 0.05). Thus, its total specificity was 95% (p < 0.05). The study has led to the conclusion that detection of NMP 22 is a promising marker of bladder carcinoma, which show a rather high specificity and specificity not only in identifying primary tumors, but a recurrence of the disease

Quality of life in patients with invasive bladder cancer after radical cystectomy

Notwithstanding the fact that advances have been made in various urine derivations, the assessment of life quality in patients who have undergone this type of surgical treatment is still not only a medical problem, but, to a greater extent, a social one. Eighty-seven patients who had undergone radical cystectomy and urine derivation for invasive bladder cancer were examined. According to the type of urine derivation, the patients were divided into groups. Then early and late complications, survival rates, and quality of life were estimated. The latter was assessed by three components: physical, psychological, and urological health. Emphasis is laid on physical health component in assessing the quality of life. The special questionnaire applied to the assessment of life quality in patients undergoing urine derivation may be useful for this purpose in those after other urological operations