1,959 research outputs found
Self-consistent Skyrme QRPA for use in axially-symmetric nuclei of arbitrary mass
We describe a new implementation of the quasiparticle random phase
approximation (QRPA) in axially-symmetric deformed nuclei with Skyrme and
volume-pairing energy-density functionals. After using a variety of tests to
demonstrate the accuracy of the code in ^{24,26}Mg and ^{16}O, we report the
first fully self-consistent application of the Skyrme QRPA to a heavy deformed
nucleus, calculating strength distributions for several K^pi in ^{172}Yb. We
present energy-weighted sums, properties of gamma-vibrational and low-energy
K^pi=0^+ states, and the complete isovector E1 strength function. The QRPA
calculation reproduces the properties of the low-lying 2^+ states as well or
better than it typically does in spherical nuclei.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Relationships between nonmesonic-weak-decays in different hypernuclei
Using as a tool the s-wave approximation (sWA), this work demonstrates that
the nonmesonic weak decay transition rates and can be
expressed in all hypernuclei up to Si (and very likely in
heavier ones too) in the same way as in the s-shell hypernuclei, i.e. as a
linear combination of only three elementary transition rates. This finding
leads to the analytic prediction that, independently of the transition
mechanism, all hypernuclei that are on the stability line (N = Z), i.e.
He, Li, Be, B,
C, O, Si, etc should roughly
have the same ratio , the magnitude of which rapidly
increases when one approaches the neutron drip-line (N >> Z), and opposite
happens when one goes toward the proton drip-line (N << Z).Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Electron correlations in two-dimensional small quantum dots
We consider circular and elliptic quantum dots with parabolic external
confinement, containing 0 - 22 electrons and with values of r_s in the range 0
< r_s < 3. We perform restricted and unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculations,
and further take into account electron correlations using second-order
perturbation theory. We demonstrate that in many cases correlations
qualitatively change the spin structure of the ground state from that obtained
under Hartree-Fock and spin-density-functional calculations. In some cases the
correlation effects destroy Hund's rule. We also demonstrate that the
correlations destroy static spin-density waves observed in Hartree-Fock and
spin-density-functional calculations.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures. This replacement contains new content. Results
have been recalculated for dots with zero effective thickness (true 2D). For
6 electrons, results have been compared with configuration interaction
results from the literatur
REGULAR SUPPRESSION OF P,T-VIOLATING NUCLEAR MATRIX ELEMENTS
In heavy nuclei there is a parametrical suppression, , of
T-odd, P-odd matrix elements as compared to T-even, P-odd ones.Comment: 3 page
Relationships between a roller and a dynamic pressure distribution in circular hydraulic jumps
We investigated numerically the relation between a roller and the pressure
distribution to clarify the dynamics of the roller in circular hydraulic jumps.
We found that a roller which characterizes a type II jump is associated with
two high pressure regions after the jump, while a type I jump (without the
roller) is associated with only one high pressure region. Our numerical results
show that building up an appropriate pressure field is essential for a roller.Comment: 10 pages, 7 PS files. To appear in PR
Hindrance of ^{16}O+^{208}Pb fusion at extreme sub-barrier energies
We analyze the fusion data for O+Pb using coupled-channels
calculations. We include couplings to the low-lying surface excitations of the
projectile and target and study the effect of the (O,O)
one-neutron pickup. The hindrance of the fusion data that is observed at
energies far below the Coulomb barrier cannot be explained by a conventional
ion-ion potential and defining the fusion in terms of ingoing-wave boundary
conditions (IWBC). We show that the hindrance can be explained fairly well by
applying the M3Y double-folding potential which has been corrected with a
calibrated, repulsive term that simulates the effect of nuclear
incompressibility.
We show that the coupling to one-neutron transfer channels plays a crucial
role in improving the fit to the data. The best fit is achieved by increasing
the transfer strength by 25% relative to the strength that is required to
reproduce the one-neutron transfer data. The larger strength is not unrealistic
because the calculated inelastic plus transfer cross section is in good
agreement with the measured quasielastic cross section. We finally discuss the
problem of reproducing the fusion data at energies far above the Coulomb
barrier. Here we do not account for the data when we apply the IWBC but the
discrepancy is essentially eliminated by applying the M3Y+repulsion potential
and a weak, short-ranged imaginary potential.Comment: text and 8 fifure
Feasibility of loophole-free nonlocality tests with a single photon
Recently much interest has been directed towards designing setups that
achieve realistic loss thresholds for decisive tests of local realism, in
particular in the optical regime. We analyse the feasibility of such Bell tests
based on a W-state shared between multiple parties, which can be realised for
example by a single photon shared between spatial modes. We develop a general
error model to obtain thresholds on the efficiencies required to violate local
realism, and also consider two concrete optical measurement schemes.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Ergodicity of the statistic and purity of neutron resonance data
The statistic characterizes the fluctuations of the number of
levels as a function of the length of the spectral interval. It is studied as a
possible tool to indicate the regular or chaotic nature of underlying dynamics,
detect missing levels and the mixing of sequences of levels of different
symmetry, particularly in neutron resonance data. The relation between the
ensemble average and the average over different fragments of a given
realization of spectra is considered. A useful expression for the variance of
which accounts for finite sample size is discussed. An analysis
of neutron resonance data presents the results consistent with a maximum
likelihood method applied to the level spacing distribution.Comment: 24 pages, 19 figures, 1 tabl
Geometric factors in the Bohr--Rosenfeld analysis of the measurability of the electromagnetic field
The Geometric factors in the field commutators and spring constants of the
measurement devices in the famous analysis of the measurability of the
electromagnetic field by Bohr and Rosenfeld are calculated using a
Fourier--Bessel method for the evaluation of folding integrals, which enables
one to obtain the general geometric factors as a Fourier--Bessel series. When
the space region over which the factors are defined are spherical, the
Fourier--Bessel series terms are given by elementary functions, and using the
standard Fourier-integral method of calculating folding integrals, the
geometric factors can be evaluated in terms of manageable closed-form
expressions.Comment: 21 pages, REVTe
Change of shell structure and magnetic moments of odd-N deformed nuclei towards neutron drip line
Examples of the change of neutron shell-structure in both weakly-bound and
resonant neutron one-particle levels in nuclei towards the neutron drip line
are exhibited. It is shown that the shell-structure change due to the weak
binding may lead to the deformation of those nuclei with the neutron numbers 8, 20, 28 and 40, which are known to be magic numbers in stable
nuclei. Nuclei in the "island of inversion" are most easily and in a simple
manner understood in terms of deformation. As an example of spectroscopic
properties other than single-particle energies, magnetic moments of some
weakly-bound possibly deformed odd-N nuclei with neutron numbers close to those
traditional magic numbers are given, which are calculated using the wave
function of the last odd particle in deformed Woods-Saxon potentials.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figure
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