396 research outputs found
Reversal of Nonlocal Vortex Motion in the Regime of Strong Nonequilibrium
We investigate nonlocal vortex motion in weakly pinning a-NbGe
nanostructures, which is driven by a transport current I and remotely detected
as a nonlocal voltage Vnl. At high I, the measured Vnl exhibits dramatic sign
reversals that at low and high temperatures T occur for opposite polarities of
I. The sign of Vnl becomes independent of that of the drive current at large
abs(I). These unusual effects can be nearly quantitatively explained by a novel
enhancement of magnetization, arising from a nonequilibrium distribution of
quasiparticles at high T, and a Nernst-like effect resulting from local
electron heating at low T
Nonlocal vs local vortex dynamics in the transversal flux transformer effect
In this follow-up to our recent Letter [F. Otto et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104,
027005 (2010)], we present a more detailed account of the superconducting
transversal flux transformer effect (TFTE) in amorphous (a-)NbGe nanostructures
in the regime of strong nonequilibrium in local vortex motion. Emphasis is put
on the relation between the TFTE and local vortex dynamics, as the former turns
out to be a reliable tool for determining the microscopic mechanisms behind the
latter. By this method, a progression from electron heating at low temperatures
T to the Larkin-Ovchinnikov effect close to the transition temperature Tc is
traced over a range 0.26 < T/Tc < 0.95. This is represented by a number of
relevant parameters such as the vortex transport entropy related to the
Nernst-like effect at low T, and a nonequilibrium magnetization enhancement
close to Tc. At intermediate T, the Larkin-Ovchinnikov effect is at high
currents modified by electron heating, which is clearly observed only in the
TFTE
Nonlocal vortex motion in mesoscopic amorphous Nb0.7Ge0.3 structures
We study nonlocal vortex transport in mesoscopic amorphous Nb0.7Ge0.3
samples. A dc current I is passed through a wire connected via a perpendicular
channel, of a length L= 2-5 um, with a pair of voltage probes where a nonlocal
response Vnl ~ I is measured. The maximum of Rnl=Vnl/I for a given temperature
occurs at an L-independent magnetic field and is proportional to 1/L. The
results are interpreted in terms of the dissipative vortex motion along the
channel driven by a remote current, and can be understood in terms of a simple
model.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Estimation of Standards for Gold and Silver Sampling
U protetskoj se terapiji upotrebljava vrlo mnogo plemenitih
slitina razliÄita sastava. Plemeniti metali su sinonim za biokompatibilnost. Zlato je jedna od najinertnijih plementih kovina, a srebro jedna od najreaktivnijih.
Cilj rada bio je razvijanje i raÅ”Älamba kromatografskih mrlja Äistoga zlata i srebra (Aurodent, Celje, Slovenija).
Kovine su uzorkovane na sobnoj temperaturi otopinom voda-HCl(conc.) (v/v 10:1) tijekom 10 s pri stalnom naponu struje od 4,5 V. Otopine kationa iz Äistih kovina i 10 Āµl standardnih otopina soli nanesene su na HPTLC kromatografske ploÄe (Merck, Darmstadt, NjemaÄka) 10 x 10 cm presvuÄene celulozom. PloÄe su razvijene u staklenoj kromatografskoj komori zasiÄenoj mobilnom fazom izo-amilni alkohol: HCl(conc.) : acetonitril u omjeru 5,4 : 4,3 : 0,3
do visine od približno 8 cm. Kada su razvijene suÅ”ene su u struji vruÄega zraka, a kationi su vizualizirani prskanjem zasiÄenim etanolnim otopinama difenilkarbazida, alizarina, kvercetina te 0,1% otopinom ditizona u kloroformu. Nakon prskanja i suÅ”enja ploÄe su izložene parama amonijaka i uÄinjena je vizualizacija.
Uzorkovano zlato i srebro meÄusobno se razlikuje bojom kromatografskih mrlja i utvrÄenim Rf vrijednostima. Metodom anodnoga uzorkovanja slitina i identifikacijom kationa tankoslojnom kromatogafijom moguÄe je dokazati postojanje odreÄenih kationa s udjelom mase veÄim od 1%, ne oÅ”teÄujuÄi pritom sam uzorak. Metoda se pokazala prikladnom za uzorkovanje kovina zlata i srebra,
Å”to je nastavak dosadaÅ”nih istraživanja u identifikaciji odreÄenih sastavnica u pojedinim slitinama ili u inkorporiranome protetskom radu.Different precious dental alloys are used in prosthodontic therapy. Precious metals are the synonym for biocompatibility. Gold is one of the most inert and silver the most active presious metals.
The purpose of this study was to develop an analyze the chromatographic spots of pure gold and silver (Aurodent, Celje, Slovenia).
The sampling was performed in a water-HCl(conc.) solution in a 10 : 1 volume ratio at room temperature using a 4,5 V battery. Dissoluted cations and solutions of standard elements (salts of gold and silver) were applied to HPTLC plates (Mareck, Darmstadt, Germany) 10 x 10 cm precoated with cellulose. Plates were developed in a vertical
separating chamber to a height of approximately 8 cm saturated with iso-amyl (3.methyl-1-butanol) - HCl (36,5%) - acetonitrile in a volume ratio 5,4 : 4,3 : 0,3. After development, plates were dried in (a steam of) hot air and the cations were visualized by spraying with the saturated ethanolic solutions of alizarin, diphenylcarbazide,
quercetin and 0,1% chlorophorm solution of dithizone. After drying, plates were exposed to NH3 vapor.
According to the Rf value and the color of the spots, the difference between gold and silver were obtained.
Anodic sampling with thin-layer chromatography is a suitable, nondestructive method for identification of cations presents in different dental alloys. It is possible to identify the cations with their mass ratio W > 1%. The results have shown that the described method is suitable for analysis of gold and silver and it can be used in future work to identify those cations in dental alloys of unknown
composition
The Amplitude of Non-Equilibrium Quantum Interference in Metallic Mesoscopic Systems
We study the influence of a DC bias voltage V on quantum interference
corrections to the measured differential conductance in metallic mesoscopic
wires and rings. The amplitude of both universal conductance fluctuations (UCF)
and Aharonov-Bohm effect (ABE) is enhanced several times for voltages larger
than the Thouless energy. The enhancement persists even in the presence of
inelastic electron-electron scattering up to V ~ 1 mV. For larger voltages
electron-phonon collisions lead to the amplitude decaying as a power law for
the UCF and exponentially for the ABE. We obtain good agreement of the
experimental data with a model which takes into account the decrease of the
electron phase-coherence length due to electron-electron and electron-phonon
scattering.Comment: New title, refined analysis. 7 pages, 3 figures, to be published in
Europhysics Letter
Effect of galactomannan hydrocolloids on gelatinization and retrogradation of tapioca and corn starch
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of galactomannan hydrocolloids (guar gum and locust bean gum) on gelatinization and retrogradation of tapioca and corn starch. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to characterize the behaviour of tapioca and corn starch with and without additives.
Results showed that guar gum and locust bean gum retarded the retrogradation of tapioca and corn starch at both investigated temperatures (4 and 25 Ā°C). Guar gum retarded retrogradation of tapioca starch more than locust bean gum, on the other hand, locust bean gum had a greater effect on reduction of the recrystallization of corn starch. Temperatures of gelatinization did not vary significantly in starch-hydrocolloid systems. Additions of galactomannan hydrocolloids caused a decrease in gelatinization enthalpy of both starches
Building New University Hospital ā What Citizens Know and Policy Makers Should be Aware of
Survey of citizensā attitudes in the process of strategic decision making is one of the
most important methods for determining health care priorities. We describe the results
of a survey carried out in December 2001, with an aim to collect and analyze the attitudes
of the citizens and health care professionals toward the possibilities and strategies
of construction of the University Hospital in Blato, Zagreb. The first referendum on the
construction of the new hospital was conducted among Zagreb citizens in 1982, when
they agreed that the new University Hospital was much needed. Zagreb citizens confirmed
once again their attitudes toward and opinions on the need to continue the construction
of new hospital in the city outskirts. By 1992, when the construction of the hospital
was halted due to insufficient financial means, Zagreb citizens had already
invested over 150 million in the project. It is interesting that today, 89.4% of the citizens
and 74.5% of physicians agree that the new hospital building should be completed.
Also, 66.7% of the citizens and 88% of physicians think that this hospital should be a
University hospital that could offer the most complex treatments and medical education.
To finish the construction of the new hospital further 200 million needs to be invested.
Survey showed that 71% of citizens and 82.2% of physicians think that funds
should be raised from some form of credit or budget rather than by special local tax, additional
tax or voluntary tax. This project will significantly determine the future of hospital
and health care system in Croatia due to its capacities in terms of space, technology,
and staff. Before the decision to continue with the new hospital construction be
made, the expected future needs, demands, and supply of the health care services in hospital
sector in Zagreb and Croatia should be provided using SWOT analysis for each of
existing the facilities
- ā¦